Comparison of calcium and hydroxyl ion release ability and in vivo apatite-forming ability of three bioceramic-containing root canal sealers

Belal, Razi Saifullah Ibn; Edanami, Naoki; Yoshiba, Kunihiko; Yoshiba, Nagako; Ohkura, Naoto; Takenaka, Shoji; Noiri, Yuichiro

doi:10.1007/s00784-021-04118-w

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Previous studies have reported that in vitro experiments using arti cial body uids do not accurately predict the ability of HCSCs to produce hydroxyapatite in vivo [16,17,19]. Some discrepancies were also found between the previous in vitro results and the current in vivo results regarding the hydroxyapatite formation on second-generation HCSCs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…No traces of hydroxyapatite formation were found on the ECZr, MTAHP, EMTA, WST, WPT, BioCR, and MTAF implants through the micro-Raman spectrometry and the surface ultrastructural and elemental characterization. These HCSCs were further assessed regarding their hydroxyapatite-forming ability in rat subcutaneous tissue using elemental mapping, as performed in our previous studies [5,17].…”

Section: Elemental Mapping Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vivo Assessment of the Apatite-Forming Ability of Second-Generation Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cements Using a Rat Subcutaneous Implantation Model

Edanami

Takenaka

Belal

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Hydroxyapatite formation on endodontic hydraulic calcium silicate cements (HCSCs) plays a significant role in sealing the root canal system and elevating the hard-tissue inductivity of the materials. This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo apatite-forming ability of 13 second-generation HCSCs using a representative first-generation HCSC (white ProRoot MTA: PR) as a positive control. Thirteen second-generation HCSCs and PR were loaded into polytetrafluoroethylene tubes and implanted in subcutaneous tissue of 4-week-old male Wistar rats. At 28 days after implantation, hydroxyapatite formation on the HCSC implants was assessed with micro-Raman spectroscopy, surface ultrastructural and elemental characterization, and elemental mapping of the material–tissue interface. A Raman band for hydroxyapatite (v1 PO43- band at 960 cm−t) and hydroxyapatite-like calcium-phosphorus-rich spherical precipitates were detected on six second-generation HCSCs and PR. In the elemental mapping, calcium-phosphorus-rich hydroxyapatite-layer-like regions were not observed on the seven HCSCs that showed neither the hydroxyapatite Raman band nor hydroxyapatite-like spherical precipitates. These results indicated that only 6 of the 13 second-generation HCSCs produced a detectable amount of hydroxyapatite in rat subcutaneous tissue within 28 days, similar to PR. The seven second-generation HCSCs that did not exhibit hydroxyapatite formation may not be suitable alternatives to PR due to their weak in vivo apatite-forming ability.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Elemental Mapping Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vivo Assessment of the Apatite-Forming Ability of Second-Generation Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cements Using a Rat Subcutaneous Implantation Model

Edanami

Takenaka

Belal

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The rate of setting reactions apparently depends on many factors, of which the material composition, as well as the particle morphology and packing characteristics, remains uncontrollable and may be associated with differences in chemical kinetics [ 26 , 27 ]. In general, HCSCs with higher rates of setting reactions are expected to have a faster formation of CSH and thus result in the reduced solubility and washout potential, along with a more tightly packed material matrix transmitting less X-ray photons to the detector plate [ 15 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though the chemical characterization of the specimens has not been performed in the present study, the clearly visible precipitates, particularly in the BIOC, TFHF, and BR materials, might be suggested as being different types of calcium phosphate, which typically forms on the HCSC surface as a result of calcium and phosphate ion absorption to the Si-OH group and may have a varying structure from stable crystalline, as noticed in TFHF, to nearly amorphous, as displayed by AHPB [ 25 , 30 ]. The process commonly occurs within the first few days of material application [ 26 ], explaining the limited precipitation noticed for all the tested materials after the initial 24 h, and is highly influenced by the quantitative extension of calcium hydroxide-induced alkalinity and Ca 2+ release [ 27 , 31 ]. In fact, the superior precipitation properties could be accredited to the HCSCs that produce a higher amount of calcium hydroxide during the initial hydration reaction or have a supplemental calcium hydroxide added to the composition as seen in TF and TFHF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immediate and Long-Term Radiopacity and Surface Morphology of Hydraulic Calcium Silicate-Based Materials

et al. 2022

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The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the radiopacity and surface morphology of AH Plus Bioceramic Sealer (AHPB), Bio-C Sealer (BIOC), Biodentine (BD), BioRoot RCS (BR), Grey-MTAFlow (GMF), White-MTAFlow (WMF), TotalFill BC Sealer (TF), and TotalFill BC Sealer HiFlow (TFHF) at different time moments—30 min, 24 h, and 28 days. Ten specimens of each material were prepared according to the ISO-6876:2012 standard and radiographed next to an aluminum step wedge using a digital sensor. The specimens were stored in a gelatinized Hank’s balanced salt solution at 37 °C between assessments. The mean grayscale values of each specimen were converted into equivalent aluminum thickness by a linear regression model. Characterization of the surface morphology was performed by using a scanning electron microscope at ×4.0k and ×10.0k magnifications. The radiographic analysis revealed that all the tested materials exceeded the ISO-specified limit of 3 mm Al, with the highest radiopacity presented by AHPB and the lowest by BD. None of the tested materials demonstrated considerable variances between the 30 min and the 24 h radiopacity level (p < 0.05), and statistically significant long-term radiopacity changes were exhibited by BR, TFHF, and TF (p > 0.05). All the specimens demonstrated a common feature of limited precipitate formation, with numerous unreacted particles still presented on the surface after 24 h, whereas the particle rearrangement and the deposition of precipitates were clearly observed after 28 days.

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“…Considering the apparent apatite formation on P-NBG and the limited apatite formation on F-NBG in 10-g/L BSA-SBF, possibly only P-NBG produces sufficient apatite in clinical settings to prevent bacterial leakage [7] and support tissue healing [9]. A recent study also suggested that the AFA of F-NBG may be clinically insufficient, showing no apatite precipitation on F-NBG in rat subcutaneous tissue [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apatite-Forming Ability of Flowable vs. Putty Formulations of Newly Developed Bioactive Glass-Containing Endodontic Cement

et al. 2021

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This study compared the apatite-forming ability (AFA) levels of flowable and putty formulations of Nishika Canal Sealer BG Multi (F-NBG and P-NBG, respectively) and attempted to clarify the cause of differences in the AFA levels of F-NBG and P-NBG. NBG samples were aged in simulated body fluid (SBF) or 1-, 5-, or 10-g/L bovine serum albumin-containing SBF (BSA-SBF) and analyzed in terms of their ultrastructures, elemental compositions, and Raman spectra to identify apatite formation. The phosphate ion consumption rates of NBG samples in the media were evaluated as an indicator of apatite growth. The original elemental composition, calcium ion release, and alkalizing ability levels of F-NBG and P-NBG were also evaluated. Apparent apatite formation was detected on all NBG samples except F-NBG aged in 10-g/L BSA-SBF. P-NBG consumed phosphate ions faster than F-NBG. As-prepared P-NBG showed more silicon elements on its surface than as-prepared F-NBG. P-NBG released more calcium ions than F-NBG, although their alkalizing ability levels did not differ statistically. In conclusion, the AFA of P-NBG was greater than that of F-NBG, probably because of the greater ability of P-NBG to expose silanol groups on the surface and release calcium ions.

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Comparison of calcium and hydroxyl ion release ability and in vivo apatite-forming ability of three bioceramic-containing root canal sealers

Cited by 16 publications

References 37 publications

In Vivo Assessment of the Apatite-Forming Ability of Second-Generation Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cements Using a Rat Subcutaneous Implantation Model

In Vivo Assessment of the Apatite-Forming Ability of Second-Generation Hydraulic Calcium Silicate Cements Using a Rat Subcutaneous Implantation Model

Immediate and Long-Term Radiopacity and Surface Morphology of Hydraulic Calcium Silicate-Based Materials

Apatite-Forming Ability of Flowable vs. Putty Formulations of Newly Developed Bioactive Glass-Containing Endodontic Cement

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