Comparison of cheiloscopy and rugoscopy in Karnataka, Kerala, and Manipuri population

Abstract

Aims and Objectives:The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare lip prints and palatal rugae pattern in Kerala, Karnataka, and Manipuri population.Materials and Methods:The study involved 180 individuals (60 each from Karnataka, Kerala, and Manipuri population). Lipstick was used to record lip prints, which were visualized by magnifying lens. Palatal rugae were recorded on maxillary casts of all subjects and analyzed following Kapali S et al.’ s classification. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20 for Windows software was used for analysis.Results:Among the study population, most frequent lip print pattern was Type 3 and least was Type 1’. When patterns were compared between groups, Type 3 was the most common in Manipuri and Kerala and Type 3 in Karnataka groups. In the entire population, males showed Type 3 and females showed Type 1. On analysis of overall rugae wavy, forward and divergence patterns were predominant. On comparison of gender, males demonstrated greater number of wavy and perpendicular rugae, and females had curved, straight, forward, and backward.Conclusion:Both cheiloscopy and rugoscopy have the prospective to recognize an individual. Cheiloscopy is more reliable than rugoscopy in making out the group and gender of an individual.

The weak evidence of lip print analysis for sexual dimorphism in forensic dentistry: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

“…One study 83 did not report which technique was used. In general, twenty-four studies (33%) 12 , 14 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 31 , 35 , 42 – 44 , 47 , 51 , 53 – 55 , 57 , 63 , 66 , 67 , 74 – 76 , 82 did not find evidence of difference of lip print patterns between males and females, while 67% 1 , 2 , 4 – 6 , 10 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 – 34 , 36 – 41 , 45 , 46 , 48 – 50 , 52 , 56 , 58 – 62 , 64 , 65 , 68 – 73 , 77 – 81 , 83 , 84 detected differences.…”

“…The studies were published between 1982 and 2019, and were from India (n = 52) 1 , 4 – 6 , 10 – 15 , 25 , 27 , 30 , 31 , 35 – 40 , 43 – 46 , 48 – 50 , 53 – 57 , 59 – 62 , 64 , 66 – 75 , 78 , 79 , 81 , 83 , 84 , Egypt (n = 3) 2 , 42 , 58 , Brazil (n = 3) 26 , 34 , 76 , Portugal (n = 2) 32 , 51 , Pakistan (n = 2) 47 , 77 , Colombia (n = 2) 29 , 52 , Nepal (n = 2) 33 , 82 , France (n = 1) 24 , Iran (n = 1) 63 , Romania (n = 1) 41 , Croatia (n = 1) 65 , Saudi Arabia (n = 1) 28 and Poland (n = 1) 80 . The total sample of participants across studies was 22,965.…”

Sex estimation by the patterns of lip impressions (cheiloscopy)

“…Any sample size calculator results used were vague or non-existent; most of the samples were convenient and not representative of the population. Only five studies used a sample size calculator [35,45,55,76,77]. As lip print analysis is morphological in nature, it is by definition subjective and dependent on the experience of the researcher, thus the intra and interobserver variability should be tested.…”

“…Most of the studies were conducted in India, and among European countries only Romanian [68], Polish [88], Portuguese [4], and Croatian [9] (including this study) population samples were analyzed. Only five studies [35,45,55,76,77] used a sample size calculator during the study preparation, one of which did not calculate the whole population size but only the chosen subpopulation (hospital) population sample size [35]. Two of the studies had no inclusion or exclusion criteria [31,39]; for the others, the exclusion criteria varied, but most were concentrated on the lack of deformities and illness that could affect the lip grooves.…”

Dental Radiographic/Digital Radiography Technology along with Biological Agents in Human Identification

“…Aluminum and magnetic powder are the most common substances usually used for identifying and tracing lip prints left in crime scenes [140]. The lipsticks or cellophane tapes are usually used for manual generating lip print traces in scientific studies [125,127,[141][142][143]. Lipsticks contain several compounds, oils, or waxes in their complex constitution [132].…”