“…Several studies have documented no significant effect [147][148][149][150][151][152][153][154][155], significantly higher [146,152,153,[155][156][157][158][159][160], and significantly lower [147,154,161,162] catch rates of some elasmobranch species on circle hooks relative to catch rates on J or tuna hooks. Several of these studies, however, did not employ methods that enabled a determination of the effect of the single factor of hook shape on catch rates, where experiments included treatments with differences in multiple factors (e.g., hook shape and width), and analyses of observer program data did not explicitly account for potentially significant explanatory factors through the development of standardized catch rate models [49].…”