Comparison of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2008 and 2010 guidelines in interpreting susceptibility of enterobacteriaceae isolates

Agrawal, Gopal Nandlal; Shevade, Smita

doi:10.4103/0377-4929.138818

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The isolated strains are treated by Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disk diffusion method or minimum inhibitory concentration method recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). Susceptibility results were determined according to the American Association for Clinical Laboratory Standards [7] . APACHE II score [8] is composed of three parts: Acute Physiology Score (APS), age and Chronic Health Score (CPS); APS deletes the 34 parameters of APACHE, such as plasma osmotic pressure, blood lactic acid concentration, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Glucose (GLU), ALB, Central Venous Pressure (CVP) and urine volume into 12 parameters (all are the worst within the first 24 h after admission to ICU), each item is still 0-4 points and the total score is 0-60 points.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Risk Factors of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Elderly Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction Treated with Endotracheal Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation

Li¹,

Ge²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

IJPS

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Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Elderly with Acute Cerebral InfarctionTo investigate the risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction and to provide guidance for clinical prevention and treatment is the main objective. Gramnegative bacteria 38 strains (67.86 %), Gram-positive bacteria 15 strains (26.79 %) and fungi 3 strains (5.36 %) were detected by pathogenic bacteria culture. There was no significant difference in age, gender, body mass index, smoking, drinking, hypertension, diabetes and coronary heart disease between ventilator-associated pneumonia group and non-ventilator-associated pneumonia group (p>0.05); there were significant differences between ventilator-associated pneumonia group and non-ventilator-associated pneumonia group in antibiotic prophylactic use, time of ventilator use, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score and serum albumin level (p<0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn and the results showed that the sensitivity of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score in predicting ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with acute cerebral infarction was 93.71 %, the specificity was 77.61 % and the area under the curve value was 0.894. The sensitivity and specificity of albumin in predicting ventilator-associated pneumonia in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction were 78.51 %, 76.92 % and 0.857 respectively. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that prophylactic use of antibiotics and high serum albumin level could effectively reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction undergoing endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation (p<0.05), while prolonged time of ventilator use and increased acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score would increase the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia in elderly patients with undergoing endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation (p<0.05). There are many factors influencing the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction undergoing endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation, and the intervention according to the risk factors has a positive preventive effect.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Risk Factors of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Elderly Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction Treated with Endotracheal Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation

Li¹,

Ge²,

Wang³

et al. 2021

IJPS

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“…Bacterial suspensions were made in sterile nutrient broth by colonies from a pure cultures and the turbidity adjusted to 0.5 McFarland standards to make a concentration of about 10 7 CFU/mL. Sensitivity to ciprofloxacin was evaluated by the macro-dilution test according the criteria stipulated by the [ 29 ] with serial Ciprofloxacin dilutions of 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 µg/mL respectively. Results were recorded as minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of current patterns and predictive trends of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhi in Sudan

Elshayeb

Ahmed

Siddig

et al. 2017

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

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BackgroundEnteric fever has persistence of great impact in Sudanese public health especially during rainy season when the causative agent Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi possesses pan endemic patterns in most regions of Sudan - Khartoum.ObjectivesThe present study aims to assess the recent state of antibiotics susceptibility of Salmonella Typhi with special concern to multidrug resistance strains and predict the emergence of new resistant patterns and outbreaks.Methods Salmonella Typhi strains were isolated and identified according to the guidelines of the International Standardization Organization and the World Health Organization. The antibiotics susceptibilities were tested using the recommendations of the Clinical Laboratories Standards Institute. Predictions of emerging resistant bacteria patterns and outbreaks in Sudan were done using logistic regression, forecasting linear equations and in silico simulations models.ResultsA total of 124 antibiotics resistant Salmonella Typhi strains categorized in 12 average groups were isolated, different patterns of resistance statistically calculated by (y = ax − b). Minimum bactericidal concentration’s predication of resistance was given the exponential trend (y = n ex) and the predictive coefficient R2 > 0 < 1 are approximately alike. It was assumed that resistant bacteria occurred with a constant rate of antibiotic doses during the whole experimental period. Thus, the number of sensitive bacteria decreases at the same rate as resistant occur following term to the modified predictive model which solved computationally.ConclusionThis study assesses the prediction of multi-drug resistance among S. Typhi isolates by applying low cost materials and simple statistical methods suitable for the most frequently used antibiotics as typhoid empirical therapy. Therefore, bacterial surveillance systems should be implemented to present data on the aetiology and current antimicrobial drug resistance patterns of community-acquired agents causing outbreaks.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12941-017-0247-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Drug susceptibility is assessed based on the guidelines provided by the American Clinical Laboratory Standardization Institute (CLSI) and categorized as sensitive (S), intermediate drug resistance (I), and drug resistance (R). 6 Another method used for drug sensitivity assessment is Kerby-Bauer disk diffusion and AGAR dilution method for confirmation of results or when dealing with atypical bacterial strains, in accordance with the protocols established by the CLSI.…”

Section: Identification and Drug Susceptibility Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Predictors of Bacteremia Outcome After Initial Empirical Antimicrobial Therapy in Patients with Hematological Malignancies: A Retrospective Analysis

Gao,

Zheng,

Zhang

et al. 2024

IDR

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We performed a retrospective analysis to investigate the clinical predictors of bacteremia outcome involving Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) after initial empirical antimicrobial therapy among hematological malignancy cases. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between April 2018 and April 2023. All bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by E. coli and K. pneumoniae in hospitalized hematological malignancy (HM) patients were identified. Data on patient demographics, clinical characteristics, empirical antimicrobial treatment, outcomes and the antimicrobial susceptibility were collected from medical records. Multivariate analyses were utilized to assess the risk factors for all-cause mortality within 28 days and carbapenem resistance. Optimal cutoffs for continuous predictive variables were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Among 61 individuals diagnosed with bacteremia, 39 cases were caused by E. coli bacteremia, while the remaining 22 were identified as K. pneumoniae bacteremia. Out of these, there were 10 cases of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and 12 cases resulted in all-cause mortality within 28 days. Analysis indicated that Pitt score was an independent risk factor for mortality and a cut-off of 2.5 was a reliable predictor with 83.3% sensitivity and 85.7% specificity, respectively. Impaired mental status and elevated body temperature exceeding 38.6°C as well as a procalcitonin (PCT) level over 8.24 ng/mL on the third day (d3) after antimicrobial treatment were identified as independent risk factors for predicting carbapenem resistance. Conclusion:We found that Pitt score with a cut-off of 2.5 was a reliable predictor for mortality within 28 days in HM bacteremia cases. Impaired mental status and elevated temperature exceeding 38.6°C as well as a procalcitonin (PCT) level over 8.24 ng/mL on d3 after antimicrobial treatment were identified as predictive risk factors to carbapenem resistance.

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Comparison of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2008 and 2010 guidelines in interpreting susceptibility of enterobacteriaceae isolates

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Study on Risk Factors of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Elderly Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction Treated with Endotracheal Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation

Study on Risk Factors of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Elderly Patients with Acute Cerebral Infarction Treated with Endotracheal Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation

Prevalence of current patterns and predictive trends of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhi in Sudan

Clinical Predictors of Bacteremia Outcome After Initial Empirical Antimicrobial Therapy in Patients with Hematological Malignancies: A Retrospective Analysis

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