Comparison of Clinpro Cario L‐Pop estimates with CIA lactic acid estimates of the oral microflora

Gerardu, V.A.M.; Heijnsbroek, M.; Buijs, Mark J.; Weijden, F. van der; Cate, Bob Ten; Loveren, C. van

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0722.2006.00345.x

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The concentration of lactic acid in the tongue coating is known to reach 6.7 to 7.8 mM after a sucrose rinse (26,27) due to the dominance of lactate-producing bacteria such as streptococci (5) and probably results in acidification of the tongue coating. Thus, in the tongue coating, changes in both pH and the lactate concentration may influence H 2 S production by Veillonella.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pH and Lactate on Hydrogen Sulfide Production by Oral Veillonella spp

Washio

Shimada

Yamada

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Indigenous oral bacteria in the tongue coating such as Veillonella have been identified as the main producers of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), one of the major components of oral malodor. However, there is little information on the physiological properties of H 2 S production by oral Veillonella such as metabolic activity and oral environmental factors which may affect H 2 S production. Thus, in the present study, the H 2 S-producing activity of growing cells, resting cells, and cell extracts of oral Veillonella species and the effects of oral environmental factors, including pH and lactate, were investigated. Type strains of Veillonella atypica, Veillonella dispar, and Veillonella parvula were used. These Veillonella species produced H 2 S during growth in the presence of L-cysteine. Resting cells of these bacteria produced H 2 S from L-cysteine, and the cell extracts showed enzymatic activity to convert L-cysteine to H 2 S. H 2 S production by resting cells was higher at pH 6 to 7 and lower at pH 5. The presence of lactate markedly increased H 2 S production by resting cells (4.5-to 23.7-fold), while lactate had no effect on enzymatic activity in cell extracts. In addition to H 2 S, ammonia was produced in cell extracts of all the strains, indicating that H 2 S was produced by the catalysis of cystathionine ␥-lyase (EC 4.4.1.1). Serine was also produced in cell extracts of V. atypica and V. parvula, suggesting the involvement of cystathionine ␤-synthase lyase (EC 4.2.1.22) in these strains. This study indicates that Veillonella produce H 2 S from L-cysteine and that their H 2 S production can be regulated by oral environmental factors, namely, pH and lactate.O ral malodor is due to metabolic products of bacteria in the oral cavity, particularly those living on the dorsum of the tongue (1, 2). Some cases of oral malodor are known to be linked with periodontitis (3, 4), and thus various periodontitis-related bacterial species have been detected in the tongue coating (5, 6). These findings also suggest that the tongue coating plays a role in the reservoir of such bacteria (5). Most of these bacteria have the ability to produce hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), one of the major components of oral malodor (7,8). In a previous study (9), we focused on oral malodor in patients without oral diseases such as periodontitis or caries and found that the predominant H 2 S-producing bacteria were not periodontitis-related bacteria but were mainly indigenous bacteria of the oral cavity such as Veillonella and Actinomyces. Among these, Veillonella species, including V. atypica, V. dispar, and V. parvula, were dominant (9).Veillonella species are Gram-negative anaerobic micrococci that are frequently detected in the tongue coating (6, 9). These bacteria are asaccharolytic but utilize lactate, pyruvate, and oxaloacetate as energy sources. Although several studies have reported that Veillonella species produce H 2 S (1, 8, 10, 11), the metabolic properties of H 2 S production have not been fully understood. In the tongue coating, environmen...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pH and Lactate on Hydrogen Sulfide Production by Oral Veillonella spp

Washio

Shimada

Yamada

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Reliability of CCLP was 60% to 80% in a study 13 and only 37% in another. 14 Another study reported that there was no correlation between Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli counts in the laboratory by Dentocult and CCLP. 15 On the other hand, Bretz et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Success of Two Caries Risk Assessment Tools in Children: A Pilot Study With a 3-Year Follow-Up

Kuru

Eden

2019

Int Q Community Health Educ

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Caries risk is defined as the dental caries probability under the individual bacteriological environment, dietary habits, and environmental factors. Assessment of caries risk plays a major role in the prevention of dental caries. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two different caries risk assessment methods on caries-free preschool children. A sample of 90 caries-free 4- to 6-year-old children were selected from 400 preschool children. The selection was limited to children who had no dental caries, visible plaque, and systemic disease. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry’s Caries Risk Assessment Tool (CAT) and Clinpro Cario L-Pop (CCLP; 3M ESPE, Germany) were used to categorize children into caries risk groups. Children were classified as being in high-, medium-, or low-risk groups by two methods. Determining risk factors according to CAT were examined. The compliance among the two methods was evaluated. Sixty-eight children were reevaluated intraorally after 3 years. The compliance between CAT and CCLP was sought using Kappa test. Statistical evaluation revealed moderate compliance among methods at baseline. The three most determinant factors in the high-risk group according to CAT were no topical fluoride exposure, no use of dental services, and active caries in mother. CAT is found statistically more successful than CCLP in predicting caries risk 3 years later. Caries risk assessment is effective to predict future caries and can be helpful for the clinician to choose the right tailor-made caries prevention plans.

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“…However, the results with the use of Clinpro TM Cario L-Pop TM in this study showed an association with high salivary levels of S. mutans. In a clinical trial, Gerardu et al (2006) (17) concluded that Clinpro TM Cario L-Pop TM can be used to monitor and motivate compliance to oral hygiene. In the present study, the results obtained with Clinpro TM Cario L-Pop TM confirmed those obtained with the conventional culture-based method in all cases, showing a perfect agreement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reaction is based on the enzymatic degradation of lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase and coupled to a cascade of redox indicators that generate a color signal, which is analyzed using a semi-quantitative scale. Clinpro TM Cario L-Pop TM has been previously evaluated (16)(17)(18)(19) and, according to Schiffner and Torres-Quintero (16), it can indicate changes in the oral microflora and thus could be used to monitor the effect of interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Chair-Side Assays in High Microbiological Caries-Risk Subjects

Saravia

Silva

et al. 2015

Braz. Dent. J.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the commercial chair-side assays Saliva-Check Mutans and ClinproTM Cario L-PopTM in high microbiological caries-risk dental students compared with conventional semi-quantitative colony counting culture-based technique as the reference method. Saliva samples from 93 subjects of both sexes aged 18-26 years were seeded (Köhler and Bratthall method) on plates containing SB-20M culture medium method and 12 subjects with high caries risk were selected. These 12 individuals were subjected to determination of caries risk using two commercial rapid detection chair-side assays (Saliva-Check Mutans and ClinproTM Cario L-PopTM) according to the manufacturers' instructions. The results were analyzed by the Kappa correlation test using SAS statistical software. There was a perfect agreement (Kappa=1) among the three caries risk evaluation methods - chair-side assays and semi-quantitative CFU count (control) - in all subjects. The results suggest that the commercial chair-side assays evaluated in this study may be practical and useful to identify high microbiological caries-risk subjects.

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Comparison of Clinpro Cario L‐Pop estimates with CIA lactic acid estimates of the oral microflora

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

Effects of pH and Lactate on Hydrogen Sulfide Production by Oral Veillonella spp

Effects of pH and Lactate on Hydrogen Sulfide Production by Oral Veillonella spp

Success of Two Caries Risk Assessment Tools in Children: A Pilot Study With a 3-Year Follow-Up

Evaluation of Chair-Side Assays in High Microbiological Caries-Risk Subjects

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