Comparison of diazepam–ketamine and thiopentone for induction of anaesthesia in healthy dogs

White, Kate; Shelton, Katy; Taylor, Polly

doi:10.1046/j.1467-2987.2000.00032.x

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The high quality of induction score associated with Group D/K in the present study supports current literature, which describes excitement-free dissociative anaesthesia with sufficient muscle relaxation to permit endotracheal intubation in dogs (Beteg et al 2010 ; Hellyer et al 1991 ; White et al 2001 ). Maintenance of pharyngeal and laryngeal reflexes is expected with dissociative anaesthesia and although difficult endotracheal intubations have been reported previously, adequate doses (diazepam: 0.5 mg/kg – 1.0 mg/kg; ketamine: 5 mg/kg – 10 mg/kg) of both agents as described in the present study facilitated simple endotracheal intubation, favourable intubation scores and short induction times (Haskins et al 1986 ; Jackson et al 2004 ; White et al 2001 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…One dog in Group D/K that scored poorly on induction and, similar to an outlier in the study by White et al ( 2001 ), may have been given insufficient pre-anaesthetic sedation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The combination of diazepam and ketamine is a commonly described protocol for induction of general anaesthesia in healthy dogs of various ages. It may also be indicated in certain cases with cardiovascular compromise (Beteg et al 2010 ; Boutureira, Trim & Cornell 2007 ; Fayyaz et al 2009 ; Green et al 1981 ; Haskins, Farver & Patz 1986 ; Hazra, De & Roy 2008 ; Hellyer, Freeman & Hubbell 1991 ; Kolata 1986 ; White, Shelton & Taylor 2001 ). The combination of diazepam and ketamine, at a dose range of 0.2 mg/kg – 0.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg – 10 mg/kg respectively, has generally been associated with excitement-free induction of anaesthesia in dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of diazepam and ketamine, at a dose range of 0.2 mg/kg – 0.5 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg – 10 mg/kg respectively, has generally been associated with excitement-free induction of anaesthesia in dogs. However, maintenance of pharyngeal and laryngeal reflexes as well as hypersalivation have resulted in difficult intubations being reported (Green et al 1981 ; Hellyer et al 1991 ; White et al 2001 ). Recovery from diazepam-ketamine in dogs has been reported to be free of emergence excitation although it is commonly associated with ataxia (Beteg et al 2010 ; White et al 2001 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anaesthetic induction and recovery characteristics of a diazepam-ketamine combination compared with propofol in dogs

Ferreira

Dzikit

Zeiler

et al. 2015

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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Induction of anaesthesia occasionally has been associated with undesirable behaviour in dogs. High quality of induction of anaesthesia with propofol has been well described while in contrast variable induction and recovery quality has been associated with diazepam-ketamine. In this study, anaesthetic induction and recovery characteristics of diazepam-ketamine combination with propofol alone were compared in dogs undergoing elective orchidectomy. Thirty-six healthy adult male dogs were used. After habitus scoring (simple descriptive scale [SDS]), the dogs were sedated with morphine and acepromazine. Forty minutes later a premedication score (SDS) was allocated and general anaesthesia was induced using a combination of diazepam-ketamine (Group D/K) or propofol (Group P) and maintained with isoflurane. Scores for the quality of induction, intubation and degree of myoclonus were allocated (SDS). Orchidectomy was performed after which recovery from anaesthesia was scored (SDS) and times to extubation and standing were recorded. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Kappa Reliability and Kendall Tau B tests. Both groups were associated with acceptable quality of induction and recovery from anaesthesia. Group P, however, was associated with a poorer quality of induction (p = 0.014), prolonged induction period (p = 0.0018) and more pronounced myoclonus (p = 0.003), but had better quality of recovery (p = 0.000002) and shorter recovery times (p = 0.035) compared with Group D/K. Diazepam-ketamine and propofol are associated with acceptable induction and recovery from anaesthesia. Propofol had inferior anaesthetic induction characteristics, but superior and quicker recovery from anaesthesia compared with diazepam-ketamine.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…One dog in Group D/K that scored poorly on induction and, similar to an outlier in the study by White et al ( 2001 ), may have been given insufficient pre-anaesthetic sedation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Anaesthetic induction and recovery characteristics of a diazepam-ketamine combination compared with propofol in dogs

Ferreira

Dzikit

Zeiler

et al. 2015

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An open label study for the quality of induction as well as recovery from anesthesia was carried out using a scale of 1-3 according to White et al (2001) (Table 1).…”

Section: Experimental Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiorespiratory effects of diazepam-ketamine, xylazine-ketamine and thiopentone anesthesia in male Wistar rats-A comparative analysis

et al. 2004

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Preoxygenation and injectable anesthesia in dog: evaluation of maintenance and recovery periods of anesthesia and hemoglobin desaturation

2017

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Comparison of diazepam–ketamine and thiopentone for induction of anaesthesia in healthy dogs

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Anaesthetic induction and recovery characteristics of a diazepam-ketamine combination compared with propofol in dogs

Anaesthetic induction and recovery characteristics of a diazepam-ketamine combination compared with propofol in dogs

Cardiorespiratory effects of diazepam-ketamine, xylazine-ketamine and thiopentone anesthesia in male Wistar rats-A comparative analysis

Preoxygenation and injectable anesthesia in dog: evaluation of maintenance and recovery periods of anesthesia and hemoglobin desaturation

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