Comparison of dietary triacylglycerol oil and diacylglycerol oil in protein kinase C activation

Meguro, Shu; Osaki, Noriko; Onizawa, Koji; Yajima, Nobuyuki; Hase, Tadashi; Matsuo, Noboru; Tokimitsu, Ichiro

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2006.12.024

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…There is no significant difference in energy value and absorption coefficient between DAG and TAG [14]. Numerous studies on the safety aspects of DAG on humans [14][15][16][17] and animals [18][19][20] demonstrated no adverse effects. With the goal of obtaining SL, the synthesis has been generally explored through acidolysis of vegetable oils or interesterification of vegetable oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Enzymatic synthesis of 1,3-dicaproyglycerol by esterification of glycerol with capric acid in an organic solvent system

Sánchez

Tonetto

Ferreira

2014

Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Enzymatic synthesis of 1,3-dicaproyglycerol by esterification of glycerol with capric acid in an organic solvent system

Sánchez

Tonetto

Ferreira

2014

Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic

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“…The Panel considered that this study cannot be used for the safety evaluation of E471 as only effects at very high levels of saturated fat on growth and mortality were studied. Meguro et al (2006) compared the effects of dietary diacylglycerol (rich in unsaturated fatty acids (90-95%)) with triacylglycerol with a similar fatty acid composition on protein kinase C (PKC) activation and on 1,2-diacylglycerol levels. Using male Wistar rats, after 1 month of feeding, no differences in cytosolic and membrane PKC activities in the lingual, oesophageal, gastric, small intestinal, caecal, proximal colonic and distal colonic mucosa were found between the 5% diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol oil groups or between the 23% diacylglycerol and triacylglycerol oil groups.…”

Section: Studies In Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐evaluation of mono‐ and di‐glycerides of fatty acids (E 471) as food additives

Younes¹,

Aggett²,

Aguilar³

et al. 2017

EFS2

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The EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of mono-and di-glycerides of fatty acids (E 471) when used as a food additive. The Panel considered that it is very likely that hydrolysis of mono-and di-glycerides of fatty acids by lipases in the gastrointestinal tract would occur, resulting in the release of glycerol and fatty acids. Glycerol (E 422) and fatty acids (E 570) have been re-evaluated and the Panel concluded that there was no safety concern regarding their use as food additives. Toxicological studies with mono-and di-glycerides rich in unsaturated fatty acids were considered for the re-evaluation of E 471. No evidence for adverse effects was reported in short-term, subchronic studies, chronic, reproductive and developmental toxicity studies. Neither carcinogenic potential nor a promotion effect in initiation/promotion was reported. The available studies did not raise any concern with regard to genotoxicity. The refined estimates were based on 31 out of 84 food categories in which E 471 is authorised. The Panel noted that the contribution of E 471 represented at the mean only 0.8-3.5% of the recommended daily fat intake. Based on the approach described in the conceptual framework for the risk assessment of certain food additives re-evaluated under Commission Regulation (EU) No 257/2010 and taking into account the considerations mentioned above, the Panel concluded that there was no need for a numerical acceptable daily intake (ADI) and that the food additive mono-and di-glycerides of fatty acids (E 471) was of no safety concern at the reported uses and use levels. The Panel recommended some modifications of the EU specifications for E 471.

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“…The energy value and absorption coefficient of DAG are similar to that of TAG oil (). Numerous studies on the safety aspects of DAG on humans ( 3−5 , 8 , 9 ) and animals ( − ) demonstrated no adverse effects. Today, DAG is marketed as a functional cooking oil in Japan and the United States ().…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diacylglycerol and Triacylglycerol as Responses in a Dual Response Surface-Optimized Process for Diacylglycerol Production by Lipase-Catalyzed Esterification in a Pilot Packed-Bed Enzyme Reactor

Cheong²,

Arifin³

et al. 2007

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Diacylglycerol (DAG) and triacylglycerol (TAG) as responses on optimization of DAG production using a dual response approach of response surface methodology were investigated. This approach takes the molecular equilibrium of DAG into account and allows for the optimization of reaction conditions to achieve maximum DAG and minimum TAG yields. The esterification reaction was optimized with four factors using a central composite rotatable design. The following optimized conditions yielded 48 wt % DAG and 14 wt % TAG: reaction temperature of 66.29 degrees C, enzyme dosage of 4 wt %, fatty acid/glycerol molar ratio of 2.14, and reaction time of 4.14 h. Similar results were achieved when the process was scaled up to a 10 kg production in a pilot packed-bed enzyme reactor. Lipozyme RM IM did not show any significant activity losses or changes in fatty acid selectivity on DAG synthesis during the 10 pilot productions. However, lipozyme RM IM displayed higher selectivity toward the production of oleic acid-enriched DAG. The purity of DAG oil after purification was 92 wt %.

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Comparison of dietary triacylglycerol oil and diacylglycerol oil in protein kinase C activation

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Enzymatic synthesis of 1,3-dicaproyglycerol by esterification of glycerol with capric acid in an organic solvent system

Enzymatic synthesis of 1,3-dicaproyglycerol by esterification of glycerol with capric acid in an organic solvent system

Re‐evaluation of mono‐ and di‐glycerides of fatty acids (E 471) as food additives

Diacylglycerol and Triacylglycerol as Responses in a Dual Response Surface-Optimized Process for Diacylglycerol Production by Lipase-Catalyzed Esterification in a Pilot Packed-Bed Enzyme Reactor

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