Comparison of different inactivation methods on the stability of Indian vaccine strains of foot and mouth disease virus

Sarkar, Arunava; Selvan, R.P. Tamil; Kishore, Subodh; Kondabattula, Ganesh; Bhanuprakash, V.

doi:10.1016/j.biologicals.2017.06.004

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Owing to its drawbacks, research focus has shifted towards aziridin derivatives acting on nucleic acids; these derivatives are highly reliable in inactivating various DNA and RNA viruses. However, these aziridine derivatives are also highly toxic and unstable [16,17]. Alternative virus inactivation methods, such as ultraviolet light, gamma radiation, and heating, all have the drawbacks of the various limitations mentioned above [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An effective inactivant based on singlet oxygen-mediated lipid oxidation implicates a new paradigm for broad-spectrum antivirals

et al. 2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An effective inactivant based on singlet oxygen-mediated lipid oxidation implicates a new paradigm for broad-spectrum antivirals

et al. 2020

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“…Self-transfection can also lead to divergent results in inactivation tests of FMDV, which are carried out to assess the degree of stability of the virus particle when exposed to chemicals, heat, or radiation. The treated virus preparation is inoculated into cell culture and the cultures are evaluated for the development of CPE [2,[16][17][18][19]. When no CPE develops after two or more passages, the sample is considered sufficiently inactivated.…”

Section: Self Transfection Of Bhk-21 Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-Length Genomic RNA of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus is Infectious for Cattle by Injection

Keck¹,

Litz²,

Hoffmann³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Safe sample transport is of great importance for infectious diseases diagnostics. Various treatments and buffers are used to inactivate pathogens in diagnostic samples. At the same time, adequate sample preservation, particularly of nucleic acids, is essential to allow an accurate laboratory diagnosis. For viruses with single-stranded RNA genomes of positive polarity, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), however, naked full-length viral RNA can itself be infectious. In order to assess the risk of infection from inactivated FMDV samples, two animal experiments were performed. In the first trial, six cattle were injected with FMDV RNA (isolate A22/IRQ/24/64) into the tongue epithelium. All animals developed clinical disease within two days and FMDV was reisolated from serum and saliva samples. In the second trial, another group of six cattle was exposed to FMDV RNA by instilling it on the tongue and spraying it into the nose. The animals were observed for 10 days after exposure. All animals remained clinically unremarkable and virus isolation as well as FMDV genome detection in serum and saliva were negative. No transfection reagent was used for any of the animal inoculations. In conclusion, cattle can be infected by injection with naked FMDV RNA, but not by non-invasive exposure to the RNA. Inactivated FMDV samples that contain full-length viral RNA carry only a negligible risk of infecting animals.

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“…The contents of each well of timed samples which had shown no visible CPE in cell culture were harvested after a cycle of freeze-thawing at -80 °C. The samples were further tested for the presence of viral antigen using sandwich ELISA [36]. Each sample was tested in duplicate in 96 well ELISA plate (M/s Nunc, Germany).…”

Section: Detection Of Fmdv O Viral Antigen In Pleconaril and Ribavirin Treated Timed Samples Using Sandwich Elisamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 24 and 48 h old timed samples treated either with pleconaril or ribavirin and were found negative in PCR, were further subjected to SYBR green based real time PCR for the detection and quantification of FMDV RNA [36]. Real time-PCR was performed using a two-step RT-PCR kit [Maxima SYBR Green/ROX qPCR Master Mix (2x), Cat # K0221, Thermo Scientific; USA] in 7500 ABI real time system (M/s Applied Biosystems).…”

Section: Quantification Of Fmdv Nucleic Acid In Pleconaril and Ribavirin Treated Timed Sample By Sybr Green Based Quantitative-pcr (Q-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antiviral efficacy of pleconaril and ribavirin on foot-and-mouth disease virus replication

2019

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Antiviral therapy is a promising strategy to control acute viral infections. FMDV causes an acute infection and the vaccination provides a protective immunity 7 days post immunization. If the infection is uncontained, then it affects the entire herd. In such circumstances, if antiviral drug is administered the infection can be checked in a herd. Ribavirin is known to cure persistently infected BHK21 cells with FMD virus. However, there have been no systematic studies on antiviral activity of ribavirin against FMDV at different time points with the application of ELISA, PCR or real-time PCR. Pleconaril is known to inhibit enteroviruses and rhinoviruses but has not been explored on FMDV. Hence, the present study evaluates the in vitro antiviral efficacy of pleconaril and ribavirin on FMDV replication. The maximum non-toxic concentrations (MNTC) of pleconaril and ribavirin for BHK21 cells respectively were 7.81 lg/50 lL and 15.62 lg/50 lL. Thus, drug concentrations below MNTC were tested for their antiviral activity against serial tenfold diluted FMDV O, A and Asia 1 serotypes. Pleconaril did not inhibit FMDV serotype O replication at 7.5 lg/50 lL based on CPE inhibition assay and this was further confirmed using sandwich ELISA, PCR/real-time PCR. On the other hand, ribavirin at 15.62 lg/50 lL inhibited the in vitro replication of FMDV O, A and Asia 1 and the inhibition was confirmed by serotype specific sandwich ELISA, PCR and real-time PCR assays. The inhibition was directly proportional to the concentration of ribavirin. Therefore, ribavirin could be explored for its in vivo efficacy as a potential therapeutic in the prevention of early spread of FMDV infection in a herd.

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Comparison of different inactivation methods on the stability of Indian vaccine strains of foot and mouth disease virus

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

An effective inactivant based on singlet oxygen-mediated lipid oxidation implicates a new paradigm for broad-spectrum antivirals

An effective inactivant based on singlet oxygen-mediated lipid oxidation implicates a new paradigm for broad-spectrum antivirals

Full-Length Genomic RNA of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus is Infectious for Cattle by Injection

In vitro antiviral efficacy of pleconaril and ribavirin on foot-and-mouth disease virus replication

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