Comparison of Different Tests to Diagnose Feline Infectious Peritonitis

Abstract

Clinical data from 488 cats (1979-2000) with histopathologically confirmed feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) and 620 comparable controls were evaluated retrospectively to assess the value of several diagnostic tests frequently used in the evaluation of cats with suspected FIP. Diagnostic utility of serum albumin to globulin ratio for the diagnosis of FIP was greater than of the utility of serum total protein and gamma-globulin concentrations. Diagnostic utility of these variables was higher when performed on effusion. On effusion, positive and negative predictive values of Rivalta's test, a test that distinguishes between exudates and transudates (0.86 and 0.97), anti-coronavirus antibody detection (0.90 and 0.79), and immunofluorescence staining of coronavirus antigen in macrophages (1.00 and 0.57) were investigated. The positive and negative predictive values of presence of anti-coronavirus antibodies were 0.44 and 0.90, respectively, antibody concentrations (1:1,600) were 0.94 and 0.88. presence of immune complexes measured by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were 0.67 and 0.84, and detection of viral RNA by serum reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were 0.90 and 0.47. Effusion RT-PCR was performed in 6 cats; it was positive in all 5 cats with FIP and negative in the cat with another disease. Diagnostic assays on the fluid in cats with body effusion had good predictive values. Definitive diagnosis of FIP on the basis of measurement of various variables in serum was not possible. Serum tests can only be used to facilitate the decision for more invasive diagnostic methods.

Effect of Feline Interferon‐Omega on the Survival Time and Quality of Life of Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis

“…Previously 4 of 12 cats treated with FeIFN-v survived longer than 2 years. 6 However, in this current study the longest survival time was 200 days in 1 single cat. There are 3 potential reasons why the results of the present study are different from those in the study of Ishida et al (2004).…”

“…The diagnosis in these cats was confirmed by detection of FCoV antigen in macrophages in the effusion. 6 Biopsies of the liver, mesenteric lymph nodes, kidney, spleen, and omentum had typical histologic signs of FIP and positive immunohistochemical staining of FCoV antigen in macrophages in the remaining cat. 7 Only cats that were feline leukemia virus-(FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-negative on Speed DUO FeLV-FIV test a were included.…”

Diagnostic value of neutrophil–lymphocyte and albumin–globulin ratios in canine soft tissue sarcoma

“…2014. In particular, the acute phase response, which is characterised by a reduction in the negative acute phase protein (APP) albumin and an increase in the positive APPs, including globulin, C-reactive protein (CRP) serum amyloid A, haptoglobin alpha-1-acid glycoprotein and ceruloplasmin has been studied (Hartmann et al . 2003, Eckersall & Bell 2010.…”

“…To the authors' knowledge, altered AGR in association with diagnosis or prognosis of neoplastic conditions has not been reported in the veterinary literature, although reduced AGR has value as a diagnostic aid in dogs with leishmaniasis (Ribeiro et al . 2013 ) and in cats with feline infectious peritonitis (Hartmann et al . 2003 ).…”

Skin fragility syndrome in a cat with feline infectious peritonitis and hepatic lipidosis

“…In summary, although FIP is a common disease in cats, 15 it can be difficult to diagnose antemortem. 16 Recognition of all possible associated clinical signs will facilitate a diagnosis. Although a cause and effect relationship cannot be stated with certainty in this case, clinicians should be aware that in cats presenting with skin tears FIP should be taken into consideration as a possible underlying cause.…”