Comparison of Disturbed and Undisturbed Soil Core Methods to Estimate Nitrogen-Mineralization Rates in Manured Agricultural Soils

Moberg, Dean; Johnson, Richard L.; Sullivan, Dan M.

doi:10.1080/00103624.2013.783060

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We studied N mineralization using the resin-tube technique with disturbed soil due to the high stoniness in our plots. As in other studies [60], our values are higher than those of the undisturbed soil. Due to the aeration of the samples and the breakage of soil aggregates, the values obtained in this study are closer to the potential mineralization rates, i.e., those obtained under ideal laboratory conditions, than the net mineralization rate under real conditions [28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Mid-Term Effects of Forest Thinning on N Mineralization in a Semi-Arid Aleppo Pine Forest

Bautista

Lado-Monserrat

Lull

et al. 2021

Forests

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In order to assess the sustainability of silvicultural treatments in semiarid forests, it is necessary to know how they affect the nutrient dynamics in the forest. The objective of this paper is to study the effects of silvicultural treatments on the net N mineralization and the available mineral N content in the soil after 13 years following forest clearings. The treatments were carried out following a randomized block design, with four treatments and two blocks. The distance between the two blocks was less than 3 km; they were located in Chelva (CH) and Tuéjar (TU) in Valencia, Spain. Within each block, four experimental clearing treatments were carried out in 1998: T0 control; and T60, T75 and T100 where 60%, 75% and 100 of basal area was eliminated, respectively. Nitrogen dynamics were measured using the resin tube technique, with disturbed samples due to the high stoniness of the plots. Thirteen years after the experimental clearings, T100, T75 and T60 treatments showed a twofold increase in the net mineralization and nitrification rates with respect to T0 in both blocks (TU and CH). Within the plots, the highest mineralization was found in sites with no plant cover followed by those covered by undergrowth. These results can be explained in terms of the different litterfall qualities, which in turn are the result of the proportion of material originating from Pinus halepensis Mill. vs. more decomposable undergrowth residues.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Mid-Term Effects of Forest Thinning on N Mineralization in a Semi-Arid Aleppo Pine Forest

Bautista

Lado-Monserrat

Lull

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…The laboratory incubation method, which included a sieving pretreatment, could overestimate the net soil N mineralization in no tillage compared to the in situ resin‐core method. Moberg et al () also reported that disturbed cores tended to have more N mineralized than undisturbed cores. This is precisely because no tillage can preserve more SOM than conventional tillage and most of the soil organic C and N is reserved within aggregates under natural field conditions ( Six et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Laboratory vs. in situ resin‐core methods to estimate net nitrogen mineralization for comparison of rotation and tillage practices

Zou

Pearce

Grove

et al. 2017

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Properly estimating soil nitrogen (N) mineralization as a consequence of different agronomic practices would result in better soil N fertility management. In this study, we tested the differences between laboratory and in situ resin-core incubation methods for estimating soil net N mineralization for long-term burley tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum L.) tillage and rotation systems. The laboratory incubation method used crushed, homogenized, litter-free soil samples, and the in situ resin-core incubation method used an intact soil core with the inclusion of any plant residue below or above ground. Comparisons showed that no-tillage had significantly increased soil net N mineralization compared to conventional tillage with the laboratory incubation method, while there was no significant difference between tillage methods with the in situ resin-core method. This indicates that soil pretreatment in the laboratory incubation method can create an ''artificial tillage effect'' for soil previously managed with no-tillage, resulting in overestimated soil net N mineralization. The rotation comparison showed that different crop sequences had no impact on measured net N mineralization with the laboratory incubation method. However, a preceding soybean crop did significantly increase net soil N mineralization compared to preceding corn when measured with the in situ resin-core method. This suggests that discarding plant residue in the laboratory incubation method can neglect the potential effect of plant residue on soil N mineralization. Therefore, it is important to be aware that soil pretreatment may influence soil N mineralization estimates, potentially resulting in flawed decisions for soil N fertility management.

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“…This is partly surprising, as comparisons of homogenized and unhomogenized soil have previously shown higher elemental turnover rates when soils are well‐mixed (e.g. Moberg et al, ). An important exception in our review is leaching losses that are consistently underestimated in mesocosm studies (Figure ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Similarly, we distinguished between studies with intact soils studied in the field and studies with soils from forest ecosystems that had been sampled, pretreated and studied in laboratory conditions (meso/microcosm experiments), as the associated soil disturbance/homogenization may drastically have changed abiotic and biotic characteristics (e.g. Moberg, Johnson, & Sullivan, ; Mohawesh, Janssen, Maaitah, & Lennartz, ), and may have influenced soil process rates even more than transformations of substrates due to herbivory (Andriuzzi & Wall, ). Mesocosm studies with young or no vegetation could potentially bias the results compared to field studies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Below‐ground responses to insect herbivory in ecosystems with woody plant canopies: A meta‐analysis

2019

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1. Insect herbivory can have important consequences for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. Despite a growing recognition of the role of herbivores in above-ground-below-ground interactions, our current understanding is mainly restricted to studies of vertebrates in grassland and tundra ecosystems, while ecosystems with tree-like canopies (termed forests below) and invertebrates remain understudied.2. Here, we assess the current state of knowledge of one key aspect of plant-herbivore interactions by conducting a meta-analysis of the peer-reviewed literature on the below-ground consequences of above-ground insect herbivory in forest ecosystems. Main results are reported as aggregated relative effect sizes (Cohen's d).3. We find that above-ground insect herbivory reduced below-ground carbon (C) allocation by plants to roots (−0.56) and root exudation (−0.85), causing shifts in root-symbiont communities, for example, a decrease (−0.67) in the abundance of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Microbial decomposer abundances showed no significant responses, while soil faunal abundances increased (0.50). C and nitrogen (N) mineralization rates (C: 0.48, N: 0.48) along with nutrient leaching (C: 0.30, N: 0.77) increased, with a stronger response to outbreak relative to background insect densities. The negative responses increased in strength in colder and dryer biomes while positive responses were reinforced in warmer and wetter biomes, thus extending previously shown effects for vertebrate herbivores to also include insect herbivory. The positive response by soil fauna to insect herbivory was the notable exception. This may be associated with the limited physical soil disturbance caused by insects compared to ungulates. Furthermore, we identified an underrepresentation in the literature of large areas of boreal and tropical biomes calling for research priorities to fill these knowledge gaps. We present three recommendations for future research: addressing (a) biological drivers of biogeochemistry and response pathways, (b) knowledge gap from boreal and tropical forests, and (c) heterogeneity of herbivore disturbances.4. Synthesis. Insect herbivores significantly accelerate soil C and N cycling during outbreaks in forest ecosystems, but we lack knowledge on the underlying biological drivers. Overall, below-ground responses to insect herbivory are similar to vertebrate herbivory responses, which may simplify implementing herbivory effects 918 | Journal of Ecology KRISTENSEN ET al.

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Comparison of Disturbed and Undisturbed Soil Core Methods to Estimate Nitrogen-Mineralization Rates in Manured Agricultural Soils

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Mid-Term Effects of Forest Thinning on N Mineralization in a Semi-Arid Aleppo Pine Forest

Mid-Term Effects of Forest Thinning on N Mineralization in a Semi-Arid Aleppo Pine Forest

Laboratory vs. in situ resin‐core methods to estimate net nitrogen mineralization for comparison of rotation and tillage practices

Below‐ground responses to insect herbivory in ecosystems with woody plant canopies: A meta‐analysis

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