Comparison of driving avoidance and self-regulatory patterns in younger and older drivers

Moták, Ladislav; Gabaude, Catherine; Bougeant, Jean-Claude; Huet, Nathalie

doi:10.1016/j.trf.2014.06.007

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Our data on drivers that were not impacted by stereotype threat suggest, in accordance with [19], that drivers of different ages are quite able to self-regulate in a strategic manner as they take into account both their age and the circuit’s difficulty during self-paced training, that is they are able to focus on specific items where their learning uptake presumably approaches optimal values [51,52,53,62,63]. This is, by the way, in line with studies indicating that older drivers do reasonably regulate their driving in other driving tasks, such as overtaking [17] or postponing distracting activities when approaching intersections [18], and is also congruent with the research line concerned with older drivers’ self-declared driving avoidance and its link to their cognitive abilities ([8,10,64], although see [65]).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…During this self-paced training session, we recorded their perseverance. Finally, all of the drivers performed the post-test modular arithmetic task (once again, 8 items of each difficulty), answered several questionnaires concerned with other issues published elsewhere [8], completed the manipulation check and were thanked and debriefed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, giving up these social activities may be accompanied by severe pathological mood impairments, such as depression [3,4,5]. Given that aging is often associated with a decline in those cognitive functions that are involved in driving [6], the question has arisen whether, and to what extent, older adults are able to adjust their driving behavior according to these changes, that is are able to self-regulate [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Older Drivers’ Safety: On Effects Induced by Stereotype Threat to Older Adults’ Driving Performance, Working Memory and Self-Regulation

et al. 2016

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In a study concerned with driving behaviors of older drivers (mean age 70 years) in a driving simulator, our findings indicate that telling older drivers that they are more at risk of accidents because of their age and their driving performance-related decline (i.e., exposing them to a stereotype threat concerning older drivers) severely impairs their self-regulatory skills. Moreover, our results show that this is at least partly due to exhaustion of the executive resources (older drivers under stereotype threat tended to contradict the stereotype of being slow by driving faster), appearing also through working memory overload (older drivers under stereotype threat performed markedly less well in a modular arithmetic task than drivers in the control condition). We thus complete the existing evidence that older drivers’ performance may be affected by socially-grounded factors, suggesting that simply being investigated may be enough to tax many capabilities in older people. We also propose that stereotype threat might be at least a partial explanation for why older drivers sometimes have poorer self-regulation performances after attending rehabilitation programs designed to make older drivers safer ones.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Older Drivers’ Safety: On Effects Induced by Stereotype Threat to Older Adults’ Driving Performance, Working Memory and Self-Regulation

et al. 2016

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“…An underlying assumption of this approach is that with greater travel comes greater exposure to risk. However, older drivers regulate their travel in various ways, such as avoidance of night-time driving, poor weather, and highways ( 24 – 27 ). In general, more miles are accumulated on freeways and rural roads than on nonfreeways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk-Exposure Density and Mileage Bias in Crash Risk for Older Drivers

Rolison

Moutari

2017

American Journal of Epidemiology

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Crash rates per mile indicate a high risk of vehicle crash in older drivers. A reliance on mileage alone may underestimate the risk exposure of older drivers because they tend to avoid highways and travel more on nonfreeways (e.g., urban roads), which present greater hazards. We introduce risk-exposure density as an index of exposure that incorporates mileage, frequency of travel, and travel duration. Population-wide driver fatalities in the United States during 2002–2012 were assessed according to driver age range (in years: 16–20, 21–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, ≥70) and sex. Mileage, frequency, and duration of travel per person were used to assess risk exposure. Mileage-based fatal crash risk increased greatly among male (relative risk (RR) = 1.73; 95% CI: 1.62, 1.83) and female (RR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.97, 2.19) drivers from ages 60–69 years to ages ≥70 years. Adjusting for their density of risk exposure, fatal crash risk increased only slightly from ages 60–69 years to ages ≥70 years among male (RR = 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.15) and female (RR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.29) drivers. While ubiquitous in epidemiologic research, mileage-based assessments can produce misleading accounts of driver risk. Risk-exposure density incorporates multiple components of travel and reduces bias caused by any single indicator of risk exposure.

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“…Within our society, there is a common assumption that older adults drive too slowly (Joanisse, Gagnon, & Voloaca, 2012). This is supported by self-report studies which have suggested that older drivers are more likely to avoid high-speed conditions (Motak, Gabaude, Bougeant, & Huet, 2014;Siren & Meng, 2013). However, this has not always been evident in studies that have objectively measured speeding behaviours in older drivers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Speeding and Speed Modification of Older Drivers: Does Vehicle Type Make a Difference?

et al. 2019

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RÉSUMÉLe but de cette étude était d’examiner si le type de véhicule, catégorisé en fonction de la taille (voiture vs autre : camion, fourgonnette, véhicule utilitaire sport), avait une influence sur la propension à faire des excès de vitesse, sur l’accélération et les habitudes de freinage des conducteurs et conductrices plus âgés (70 ans et plus), dans le cadre d’une étude longitudinale canadienne. L’hypothèse principale était que les personnes âgées conduisant de plus gros véhicules (p. ex. camions, VUS ou fourgonnettes) seraient plus susceptibles de faire des excès de vitesse que celles conduisant des voitures. Un dispositif enregistrant la conduite avait été installé dans les véhicules des participants (n = 493). Les résultats suggèrent que le type de véhicule conduit a eu peu ou pas d’impact sur le pourcentage de temps passé en excès de vitesse, ou sur les schémas de freinage et d’accélération des conducteurs âgés. Étant donné que la propension à dépasser la limite de vitesse était élevée chez ces conducteurs âgés, quel que soit le type de véhicule, les recherches futures devraient examiner l’effet de ce comportement sur la sécurité routière des conducteurs âgés.

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Comparison of driving avoidance and self-regulatory patterns in younger and older drivers

Cited by 25 publications

References 60 publications

Enhancing Older Drivers’ Safety: On Effects Induced by Stereotype Threat to Older Adults’ Driving Performance, Working Memory and Self-Regulation

Enhancing Older Drivers’ Safety: On Effects Induced by Stereotype Threat to Older Adults’ Driving Performance, Working Memory and Self-Regulation

Risk-Exposure Density and Mileage Bias in Crash Risk for Older Drivers

Speeding and Speed Modification of Older Drivers: Does Vehicle Type Make a Difference?

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