Comparison of Electromyographic Activity of the Superior and Inferior Portions of the Gluteus Maximus Muscle During Common Therapeutic Exercises

Selkowitz, David M.; Beneck, George J.; Powers, Christopher M.

doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6493

Cited by 41 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The UGM is located in the superficial layer [15], and because of its anatomical structure, its primary role is abduction of the hip joint as well as extension and external rotation [42]. Our findings are in agreement with those of Selkowitz et al [51] who reported that the superior gluteus maximus EMG activity is greater than the incorporated hip abduction and/or external rotation movements. Thus, the results of the T2 values in the UGM showed that side-lying hip abduction with external rotation and extension activated compared with the sidelying hip abduction with neutral hip or internal rotation and flexion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Sequential Changes in Activity of Hip Abductor Muscles after Side-lying Hip Abduction Exercise with Different Directions using Muscle Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Mitomo¹,

Takei²

2019

IJOT

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Study Design: Controlled laboratory cross-sectional study. Background: Hip abductor muscle weakness is associated with various lower extremity injuries. Side-lying hip abduction exercises to strengthen the hip abductor muscles is frequently used in rehabilitation and injury prevention programs without scientific evidence regarding their ability to activate the targeted muscles. In addition, previous studies have not quantified the activity of hip abductor muscles during side-lying hip abduction exercises in different directions. Objectives: To measure the T2 values of hip abductor muscles during side-lying hip abduction exercises in different directions using magnetic resonance imaging and to clarify variations in the activity of each segment of the gluteus medius, upper fiber of the gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae. Methods: The T2 values measured using magnetic resonance imaging were used to quantify the activity level of the hip abductor muscles in 10 healthy young males during side-lying hip abduction with different directions (neutral hip, internal rotation and flexion, external rotation, and extension). The two-way repeated measures analysis of variance analysis was used to determine differences between the groups over time. Results: The T2 values of all muscles, excluding the upper fiber of the gluteus maximus, significantly increased after exercise with all motor tasks over time. The anterior segment of the gluteus medius was significantly increased with side-lying abduction with internal rotation and flexion compared to that with side-lying abduction with external rotation and extension. In contrast, the posterior segments of the gluteus medius and upper fiber of the gluteus maximus were significantly increased with side-lying abduction with external rotation and extension compared to that during other tasks. Conclusions: The results suggest that side-lying hip abduction exercise with different directions influences the difference in muscle activity between hip abductor muscles and reflects differences in the function of the hip abductor muscles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Sequential Changes in Activity of Hip Abductor Muscles after Side-lying Hip Abduction Exercise with Different Directions using Muscle Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Mitomo¹,

Takei²

2019

IJOT

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“…UGMax was preferentially recruited in Clam and HABD while UGMax and LGMax were equally activated in the isometric and eccentric phases of PHE. Our findings concur the recruitment pattern of GMax reported by Selkowitz et al [8] and Lyons et al [28] in which the UGMax is predominantly functioning as the hip abductor and external rotator, whereas the LGMax mainly acts as a hip extensor. With reference to the fiber orientation of the UGMax in which it inserts into the fascia latae and hence it facilitates hip abduction, while LGMax contains a larger moment arm for hip extension [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Furthermore, the effect of abdominal core activation was only examined during the isometric phase of exercises. In studies conducted by Chance-Larsen et al [4] and Oh et al [5], the activity of gluteus maximus (GMax) was assessed as a single unit in which the functional differences of the subdivisions of GMax were not considered [8]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of therapeutic hip exercise with abdominal core activation on recruitment of the hip muscles

Chan

Chow

Lai

et al. 2017

BMC Musculoskelet Disord

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BackgroundCore stabilization has been utilized for rehabilitation and prevention of lower limb musculoskeletal injuries. Previous studies showed that activation of the abdominal core muscles enhanced the hip muscle activity in hip extension and abduction exercises. However, the lack of the direct measurement and quantification of the activation level of the abdominal core muscles during the execution of the hip exercises affect the level of evidence to substantiate the proposed application of core exercises to promote training and rehabilitation outcome of the hip region. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of abdominal core activation, which is monitored directly by surface electromyography (EMG), on hip muscle activation while performing different hip exercises, and to explore whether participant characteristics such as gender, physical activity level and contractile properties of muscles, which is assessed by tensiomyography (TMG), have confounding effect to the activation of hip muscles in enhanced core condition.MethodsSurface EMG of bilateral internal obliques (IO), upper gluteus maximus (UGMax), lower gluteus maximus (LGMax), gluteus medius (GMed) and biceps femoris (BF) of dominant leg was recorded in 20 young healthy subjects while performing 3 hip exercises: Clam, side-lying hip abduction (HABD), and prone hip extension (PHE) in 2 conditions: natural core activation (NC) and enhanced core activation (CO). EMG signals normalized to percentage of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC) were compared between two core conditions with the threshold of the enhanced abdominal core condition defined as >20%MVIC of IO.ResultsEnhanced abdominal core activation has significantly promoted the activation level of GMed in all phases of clam exercise (P < 0.05), and UGMax in all phases of PHE exercise (P < 0.05), LGMax in eccentric phases of all 3 exercises (P < 0.05), and BF in all phases of all 3 exercises except the eccentric phase of PHE exercise (P < 0.05). The %MVIC of UGMax was significantly higher than that of LGMax in all phases of clam and HABD exercises under both CO and NC conditions (P < 0.001) while the %MVIC of LGMax was significantly higher than UGMax in concentric phase of PHE exercise under NC condition (P = 0.003). Gender, physical activity level and TMG parameters were not major covariates to activation of hip muscles under enhanced core condition.ConclusionsAbdominal core activation enhances the hip muscles recruitment in Clam, HABD and PHE exercises, and this enhancement is correlated with higher physical activity and stiffer hip muscle. Our results suggest the potential application of abdominal core activation for lower limb rehabilitation since the increased activation of target hip muscles may enhance the therapeutic effects of hip strengthening exercises.

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“…Starkly contrasting to the BFlh, the gluteus maximus possesses robust architecture with its large area of attachment at the pelvic region producing a broad, square muscle, segmented into at least two subdivisions (Barker et al, 2014). A superior portion converges to the iliotibial band and is seen to elicit hip extension, abduction and lateral rotation (Selkowitz et al, 2016;Pirouzi et al, 2006). An inferior portion inserts directly on to the femur at the gluteal tuberosity (Kendall et al, 2005;Winter 2005) and is primarily a hip extensor but may assist lateral rotation (McAndrew et al, 2006) in addition to adduction (Floyd, 2009).…”

Section: Gluteal and Adductor Synergists: Joined At The Hipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can we spread the risk? A demand-share perspective to sustained hamstring health

Blandford¹,

McNeill²,

Charvet

2018

Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies

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Can we spread the risk? A demand-share perspective to sustained hamstring health the model presents a capacity and demand-share perspective (Bouillard et al., 2014; Erdemir et al., 2007) to the ongoing problem of HSI. The model is sensitive to the multifactorial nature of HSI (Thorborg, 2014) and acknowledges that successful risk mitigation strategies must elicit change in numerous physiological, biomechanical, and neurophysiological qualities, which support diversity Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

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Comparison of Electromyographic Activity of the Superior and Inferior Portions of the Gluteus Maximus Muscle During Common Therapeutic Exercises

Cited by 41 publications

References 29 publications

Sequential Changes in Activity of Hip Abductor Muscles after Side-lying Hip Abduction Exercise with Different Directions using Muscle Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Sequential Changes in Activity of Hip Abductor Muscles after Side-lying Hip Abduction Exercise with Different Directions using Muscle Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

The effects of therapeutic hip exercise with abdominal core activation on recruitment of the hip muscles

Can we spread the risk? A demand-share perspective to sustained hamstring health

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