Comparison of Fatty Acid Profiles in a Group of Female Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD) and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)–Similar Trends of Changes, Different Pathophysiology

Kaczkan, Małgorzata; Drozd, Arleta; Maciejewska, Dominika; Palma, Joanna; Owczarzak, Anna; Marczuk, Natalia; Rutkowski, Przemysław; Małgorzewicz, Sylwia

doi:10.3390/ijms20071719

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, in MetS, auxiliary metabolic pathways are activated for oleic acid and cause the simultaneous inhibition of EPA and DHA synthesis from ALA, whereas in the CKD group, we observe increased synthesis of EPA and DHA. The higher increase of nervonic acid (C24:1) in CKD suggests a higher degree of demyelination and loss of anons [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In contradiction to that, two cohort studies performed by Targher et al showed that renal disfunction was significantly more frequent in patients with NAFLD [9,10]. The authors of the study already compared the FA profile of CKD patients with the profile of patients with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS); it was observed that there had been an increase in the amounts of all FAs in plasma in the CKD group, especially in the case of palmitic acid (C16:0) and the derivatives of stearic acid (C18:0), higher than in the MetS patients; this may result from the decomposition of adipose tissue and the progressing devastation of the organism [11]. Furthermore, stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a reticulum enzyme that catalyzes of monounsaturated fatty acids from saturated fatty acids [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The C18:3n6/C22:4n6 ratio is a good lipid marker of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression

et al. 2020

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Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major challenge for public health due to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and premature death. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical picture of FA and the course of the pathophysiological mechanisms of CKD. Methods: The study involved 149 patients with CKD and a control group including 43 people. Fatty acid profiles were investigated using gas chromatography. A total of 30 fatty acids and their derivatives were identified and quantified. The omega3, omega6, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA fatty acid contents were calculated. The correlation matrix was obtained for parameters relating to patients with CKD vs. FA, taking patients' sex into consideration. The index C18:3n6/C22:4n6 was calculated according to the length of the treatment. Statistica 12.0 software (Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA) was used for the statistical analyses. Results: The results showed decreased levels of total PUFA and increased concentrations of MUFA, including the activation of the palmitic and oleic acid pathway. An increase in the levels of n-6 9C22: 4n6 family fatty acids in all the patients and a reduction in the n-3 family (EPA, DHA) were observed. C18:3n6 was negatively correlated and C22:4n6 was positively correlated with the duration of the treatment. The index C18:3n6/C22:4n6 was defined as a new marker in the progression of the disease. Moreover, the index C18:3n6/ C22:4n6 was drastically decreased in later period. Nervonic acid was higher in the CKD group. In the group of men with CKD, there was a negative correlation between the excretion of K+, anthropometric measurements, and the levels of EPA and DHA. Conclusions: The course of inflammation in CKD occurs through the decrease in PUFA and the synthesis of MUFA. The dominating cascade of changes is the elongation of GLA-C18:3n6 into DGLA-C20:3n6 and AA-C20:4n6. As CKD progresses, along with worsening anthropometrical parameters and increased secretion of potassium, the activity of 6-desaturase decreases, reducing the synthesis of EPA and DHA. The synthesis of AdA-C22:4n6 increases and the ratio C18:3n6/C22:4n6 drastically decreases after 5 years. This parameter can be used to diagnose disease progression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The C18:3n6/C22:4n6 ratio is a good lipid marker of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression

et al. 2020

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“…The most frequently described changes focus on cholesterol and triacylglycerols. Many studies, including our previous research, have also shown abnormal serum fatty acid (FA) profiles in patients with CKD [16][17][18]. Dyslipidemia observed in patients with CKD is one of the well-known risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or diabetes mellitus [19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Expression of the Leptin Gene in Adipose Tissue of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease–The Possible Role of an Abnormal Serum Fatty Acid Profile

et al. 2020

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with an increased level of leptin and an abnormal fatty acid (FA) profile in the serum. However, there are no data on the associations between them, and the reason for increased serum levels in patients with CKD is not well elucidated. Recently, we found that a CKD-related abnormal FA profile caused significant changes in the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. The aim of this study was to examine whether leptin gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of patients with CKD may contribute to increased serum levels of this adipokine and whether the abnormal serum FA profile observed in CKD patients has an impact on leptin gene expression in adipocytes. The FA profile was measured in serum samples from patients with CKD and controls by GC-MS. The relative mRNA levels of leptin were measured in SAT by Real-Time PCR. Moreover, the effect of the CKD-related abnormal FA profile on leptin gene expression was studied in in vitro cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Patients with CKD had higher concentrations of serum leptin than controls and higher expression level of the leptin gene in SAT. They also had increased serum monounsaturated FAs and decreased polyunsaturated FAs. The incubation of adipocytes with FAs isolated from CKD patients resulted in an increase of the levels of leptin mRNA. Increased leptin gene expression in SAT may contribute to elevated concentrations of these adipokine in patients with CKD. CKD-related alterations of the FA profile may contribute to elevated serum leptin concentrations in patients with CKD by increasing the gene expression of this adipokine in SAT.

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“…In an animal model stereological study, the authors revealed that 20% sesame oil might lead to renal deformities [43]. However, saturated FAts in animal oil caused insulin resistance which contributes to the development of CKD [44]. Interestingly, in our work, the moderate consumption of cooking oil (25-30 ml/d) had a positive effect on the CKD prevention regardless of the type of cooking oil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

Baked Food Consumption Is A Risk Factor for Chronic Kidney Disease: A 1:1 Paired Case-control Study

Lai¹,

Zhou²,

Lin³

et al. 2020

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Background Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has become a global public health problem. Identifying the risk factors of CKD can provide strategies for the prevention of CKD. Studies showed that lifestyles play an important role in CKD, but the relationship between them remained unclear. Thus we aimed to explore the association of lifestyle behaviors (the dietary habits especially) with CKD. Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study including 1414 participates from the HUIQIAO health database system from Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2018 was conducted. Our main outcome measure was the diagnose of CKD, and exposures were lifestyle behaviors measured by a questionnaire. The anthropometric characteristics were included as confounding variables. Results We used conditional logistics regression to assess the odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted ORs for the risk factors. With the assumption of missing at random (MAR) pattern, the missing values of confounding variables and exposures were handled by multiple imputation. We found that lifestyle behaviors regarding skipping breakfast ≥ 3 times per week (1.672, 95% CI, 1.086–2.574), sleep efficiency ≤ 75% (1.633, 95% CI, 1.195–2.232), consuming baked food frequently (1.683, 95% CI, 1.163–2.434), proper intake of oil (0.789, 95% CI, 0.624–0.996), proper intake of aquatic product (0.732, 95% CI, 0.567–0.944), proper intake of soybean and nuts (0.625, 95% CI, 0.447–0.873) were associated with CKD. Conclusion These results suggest that moderate intake of soybean, nuts, and aquatic product, control oil intake, having breakfast at least 4 times per week, maintaining good sleep efficiency, and consuming less baked foods may contribute to prevent the development of CKD. Trial registration: This study is registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2000031864).

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Comparison of Fatty Acid Profiles in a Group of Female Patients with Chronic Kidney Diseases (CKD) and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS)–Similar Trends of Changes, Different Pathophysiology

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

The C18:3n6/C22:4n6 ratio is a good lipid marker of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression

The C18:3n6/C22:4n6 ratio is a good lipid marker of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression

Increased Expression of the Leptin Gene in Adipose Tissue of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease–The Possible Role of an Abnormal Serum Fatty Acid Profile

Baked Food Consumption Is A Risk Factor for Chronic Kidney Disease: A 1:1 Paired Case-control Study

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