Comparison of first and second heart sounds after mechanical heart valve replacement

Abstract

In this article, the spectral features of first heart sounds (S1) and second heart sounds (S2), which comprise the mechanical heart valve sounds obtained after aortic valve replacement (AVR) and mitral valve replacement (MVR), are compared to find out the effect of mechanical heart valve replacement and recording area on S1 and S2. For this aim, the Welch method and the autoregressive (AR) method are applied on the S1 and S2 taken from 66 recordings of 8 patients with AVR and 98 recordings from 11 patients with MVR, thereby yielding power spectrum of the heart sounds. Three features relating to frequency of heart sounds and three features relating to energy of heart sounds are obtained. Results show that in comparison to natural heart valves, mechanical heart valves contain higher frequency components and energy, and energy and frequency components do not show common behaviour for either AVR or MVR depending on the recording areas. Aside from the frequency content and energy of the sound generated by mechanical heart valves being affected by the structure of the lungs-thorax and the recording areas, the pressure across the valve incurred during AVR or MVR is a significant factor in determining the frequency and energy levels of the valve sound produced. Though studies on native heart sounds as a non-invasive diagnostic method has been done for many years, it is observed that studies on mechanical heart valves sounds are limited. The results of this paper will contribute to other studies on using a non-invasive method for assessing the mechanical heart valve sounds.

Yaşlılarda Düşme Riskini Değerlendirmek için İvmelenme Sinyalinin Frekans Domeni Özellikleri

“…Quality Factor1 (QF1): Quality factor of F1 (QF=F1/wF2) 12. Quality Factor2 (QF2): Quality factor of F2 (QF=F2/wF2) (Altunkaya, Kara et al 2013). 13.…”

“…Quality Factor1 (QF1): Quality factor of F1 (QF=F1/wF2) 12. Quality Factor2 (QF2): Quality factor of F2 (QF=F2/wF2)(Altunkaya, Kara et al 2013).European Journal of Science and Technology e-ISSN: 2148-2683 153 13. Left Slope of Dominant Frequency (LSlopeF1):…”

Detection of Mechanical Heart Valve Thrombosis Using Support Vector Machine

“…Then, the average of the features obtained for each heart cycle gives the final features of the one person to be used in the classification. Detailed information on the recording, processing and feature extraction step of heart sounds can be found in [24].…”

Wavelet analysis of mechanical heart valve sounds with paravalvular leakage

“…Recorded ECG and heart sound signals were normalized and filtered with a 30 Hz high pass and 2000 Hz low pass filter. After that the heart cycles of MHV sounds were detected using ECG signals [2]. As a result of detection procedure, MHV sounds of 147 heart cycles of patients with MPL, MHV sounds of 96 heart cycles of same patients after treatment of MPL and MHV sounds of 98 heart cycle of patients with normally functioning MHV were obtained.…”

“…The electrocardiogram signal (ECG) and heart sound signals of patients were simultaneously recorded. Detailed information of recording system and procedure can be found in [2]. Recorded ECG and heart sound signals were normalized and filtered with a 30 Hz high pass and 2000 Hz low pass filter.…”