Comparison of Granisetron, Palonosetron and Ondansetron for Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Gynaecological Surgery under General Anaesthesia

Abstract

Background: PONV is one of the most distressing complications after anaesthesia and surgery and may lead to serious complications like dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, disruption of surgical repair. As the aetiology of PONV is multifocal, avoiding it still remains a challenge. In this study efficacy of single dose granisetron, palonosetron and ondansetron for prevention of PONV in patients undergoing elective gynaecological surgery under general anaesthesia were compared.. Methods: 90 healthy adult females of ASA physical grade I and II scheduled for elective gynaecological surgery under general anaesthesia were randomly allocated in to three equal groups. Group G (n=30) received inj. Granisetron 2.5 mg iv, Group P received inj Palonosetron 75µg iv and Group O received inj Ondansetron 8 mg iv immediately before the induction of anaesthesia. All the groups had similar fasting guidelines and underwent similar premedication and anaesthetic protocol. The incidence of PONV and the need for rescue antiemetics was evaluated. Statistical evaluation: All raw data was entered into a Microsoft excel spreadsheet and analyzed by using standard statistical tests. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In the present study the complete response to PONV over the 24 hrs period was 83.3% in the granisetron group, 93.3% in the palonosetron group and 66.7% in the ondansetron group. Conclusion: In conclusion Prophylactic granisetron, palonosetron and ondansetron individually are effective and safe antiemetic in prevention of PONV. However Palonosetron is more effective in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.