Comparison of Growth and Susceptibility to Sodium Hypochlorite of Mono- and Dual-Species Biofilms of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Peptostreptococcus (micromonas) micros

Özok, A.R.; Wu, Min-Kai; Luppens, S.B.I.; Wesselink, Paul R.

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2007.03.008

Cited by 46 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…11,20,23 However, it has been shown that biofilms formed in the first few days of incubation may not display the same antimicrobial resistance of a mature biofilm. 24,25 According to Guerreiro-Tanomaru et al, 20 the percentage of biofilm surface coverage on bovine dentine blocks was higher at 14 days than at 21 days, with no statistical differences between the two periods, thus justifying the 14 day-incubation period used in the present research.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Antimicrobial action of calcium hydroxide-based endodontic sealers after setting, against E. faecalis biofilm

et al. 2016

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Antimicrobial action of calcium hydroxide-based endodontic sealers after setting, against E. faecalis biofilm Abstract: Enterococcus faecalis are gram positive bacteria that can mostly resist endodontic therapy, inducing persistent infection in the root canal system. Endodontic sealers with antimicrobial activity may help eliminate residual microorganisms that survive endodontic treatment. The present study aimed at comparing the antimicrobial activity of Acroseal, Sealapex and AH Plus endodontic sealers in an in vitro biofilm model. Bovine dentin specimens (144) were prepared, and twelve blocks for each sealer and each experimental time point (2, 7 and 14 days) were placed and left in contact with plates containing inoculum of E. faecalis (ATCC 51299), to induce biofilm formation. After 14 days, the samples were transferred to another plate with test sealers and kept at 37°C and 5% CO 2 for 2, 7 and 14 days. The specimens without sealers were used as a control for each period. The samples were agitated in a sonicator after each experiment. The suspensions were agitated in a vortex mixer, serially diluted in saline, and triple plated onto m-Enterococcus agar. Colonyforming units were counted, and the data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, Shapiro-Wilk and Kruskal-Wallis one-way tests (p < 0.05) to determine antimicrobial potential. Sealapex showed significant differences at all the experimental time points, in comparison with all the other groups. AH Plus and Acroseal showed antimicrobial activity only on the 14 th experimental day. Neither of the sealers tested were able to completely eliminate the biofilm. Sealapex showed the highest antimicrobial activity in all the experimental periods. The antimicrobial activity of all the sealers analyzed increased over time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Antimicrobial action of calcium hydroxide-based endodontic sealers after setting, against E. faecalis biofilm

et al. 2016

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“…It has been demonstrated that biofilms become progressively more resistant to antibiotics as they mature (28). Therefore, mature biofilms display greater resistance to sodium hypochlorite (29). Previous studies have used different induction periods.…”

Section: Basic Research-biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm Formation on Different Substrates

Guerreiro-Tanomaru

Faria-Júnior

Duarte

et al. 2013

Journal of Endodontics

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation on different substrates. Methods: Cell culture plates containing growth medium and E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) were used to grow biofilm on bovine dentin, gutta-percha, hydroxyapatite, or bovine bone. Substrates were incubated at 37 C for 14 or 21 days, and the medium was changed every 48 hours. After the growth induction periods, specimens (n = 5 per group and per induction period) were stained by using Live/Dead, and the images were analyzed under a confocal microscope. The total biovolume (mm 3 ), live bacteria biovolume (mm 3 ), and substrate coverage (%) were quantified by using the BioImage_L software. Results obtained were analyzed by nonparametric tests (P = .05). Results: Biofilm formation was observed in all groups. Gutta-percha had the lowest total biovolume at 14 days (P < .05) and hydroxyapatite the highest at 21 days (P < .05). No significant difference was observed in green biovolume at 14 days. At 21 days, however, hydroxyapatite had the highest volume (P < .05). The percentages of coverage were similar among all substrates at 21 days (P > .05), but at 14 days, bovine bone presented the highest coverage (P < .05). Conclusions: E. faecalis was capable of forming biofilm on all substrates during both growth periods; hydroxyapatite presented the highest rates of biofilm formation. The type of substrate influenced the biofilm characteristics, according to the parameters evaluated. (J Endod 2013;39:346-350)

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“…The spatial relationship between these gradients and the areas of the oral cavity that are respectively controlled by the OCl -and OSCN -defense factors is illustrated in Fig. 1: • Extraphagosomal OCl -is cytotoxic to oral bacteria (Path A) (Briseno et al, 1992;Webb et al, 1995;Yesilsoy et al, 1995;Barnard et al, 1996;Winniczuk and Parish, 1997;Calas et al, 1998;Huque et al, 1998;Ferreira et al, 1999;Wunder and Bowen, 1999;Spratt et al, 2001;Mikami et al, 2003;Sassone et al, 2003a,b;Moller et al, 2004;Nagayoshi et al, 2004;Radcliffe et al, 2004;Vianna et al, 2004;Carson et al, 2005;Fang et al, 2006;Sena et al, 2006;Ozok et al, 2007) and gingival tissue (Path B) (Schraufstatter et al, 1990;Vissers et al, 1999;Hidalgo and Dominguez, 2000;Pullar et al, 2000;Vile et al, 2000;Hidalgo et al, 2002). Importantly, nearly all of the investigations of the efficacy of OCl -on oral bacteria have been carried out for single species in planktonic cultures.…”

Section: Spatial Nature Of Peroxidase Systems and Their Consensus Submentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic Chemistry of Defensive Peroxidases in the Human Oral Cavity

Ashby

2008

J Dent Res

102

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The innate host response system is comprised of various mechanisms for orchestrating host response to microbial infection of the oral cavity. The heterogeneity of the oral cavity and the associated microenvironments that are produced give rise to different chemistries that affect the innate defense system. One focus of this review is on how these spatial differences influence the two major defensive peroxidases of the oral cavity, salivary peroxidase (SPO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). With hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an oxidant, the defensive peroxidases use inorganic ions to produce antimicrobials that are generally more effective than H2O2 itself. The concentrations of the inorganic substrates are different in saliva vs. gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Thus, in the supragingival regime, SPO and MPO work in unison for the exclusive production of hypothiocyanite (OSCN−, a reactive inorganic species), which constantly bathes nascent plaques. In contrast, MPO is introduced to the GCF during inflammatory response, and in that environment it is capable of producing hypochlorite (OCl−), a chemically more powerful oxidant that is implicated in host tissue damage. A second focus of this review is on inter-person variation that may contribute to different peroxidase function. Many of these differences are attributed to dietary or smoking practices that alter the concentrations of relevant inorganic species in the oral cavity ( e.g.: fluoride, F−; cyanide, CN−; cyanate, OCN−; thiocyanate, SCN−; and nitrate, NO3−). Because of the complexity of the host and microflora biology and the associated chemistry, it is difficult to establish the significance of the human peroxidase systems during the pathogenesis of oral diseases. The problem is particularly complex with respect to the gingival sulcus and periodontal pockets (where the very different defensive stratagems of GCF and saliva co-mingle). Despite this complexity, intriguing in vitro and in vivo studies are reviewed here that reveal the interplay between peroxidase function and associated inorganic chemistry.

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Comparison of Growth and Susceptibility to Sodium Hypochlorite of Mono- and Dual-Species Biofilms of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Peptostreptococcus (micromonas) micros

Cited by 46 publications

References 32 publications

Antimicrobial action of calcium hydroxide-based endodontic sealers after setting, against E. faecalis biofilm

Antimicrobial action of calcium hydroxide-based endodontic sealers after setting, against E. faecalis biofilm

Comparative Analysis of Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm Formation on Different Substrates

Inorganic Chemistry of Defensive Peroxidases in the Human Oral Cavity

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