Comparison of home-based pencil push-up therapy and office-based orthoptic therapy in symptomatic patients of convergence insufficiency: a randomized controlled trial

Singh, Anupam; Saxena, Vartika; Yadav, Sandhya; Agrawal, Ajai; Ramawat, Achala; Samanta, Ramanuj; Panyala, Rakesh; Kumar, Barun

doi:10.1007/s10792-020-01689-7

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In this study, the mean improvements in positive fusional vergence were 11.8 and 13.5 △ base-out in the virtual reality and OBVAT groups, respectively, and these were similar to the values reported in two other studies [22,23] that used virtual reality therapy for adults with convergence insu ciency (3.9 and 14.7 △ base-out, respectively). However, the mean improvement was less than that reported in previous adult studies [15,26,27] using OBVAT for vision therapy. One reason for this could be the difference in refractive errors.…”

Section: Changes In Symptoms and Vergence Function In Patients With Insu Ciencycontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…Similarly, the mean improvement in the NPC was 2.08 and 2.18 cm in the virtual reality and OBVAT groups, respectively, which was similar to the 2.4 cm improvement reported in a previous study [23] that also used virtual reality therapy for adults with convergence insu ciency. However, the mean improvement in near point of convergence was less than that in previous adult studies [15,26,27] using OBVAT. This could also be attributed to the better baseline values and the absence of home reinforcement therapy in the present study groups.…”

Section: Changes In Symptoms and Vergence Function In Patients With Insu Ciencycontrasting

confidence: 68%

“…The patients in this study had a higher degree of myopia (mean refractive error of the right eye: -4.02 D). In the studies by Singh et al [27] and Alvarez et al[26], the proportion of patients with myopia was only approximately 25%. In an adult study of CITT [15], the mean refractive error of the right eye was -0.92 D. Patients with a higher degree of myopia might exhibit a higher level of near PFV and closer NPC than those with a lower degree of myopia [28].…”

Section: Changes In Symptoms and Vergence Function In Patients With Insu Ciencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virtual Reality-based Vision Therapy Versus OBVAT in the Treatment of Convergence Insufficiency, Accommodative Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Tang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Virtual reality is being increasingly applied in vision therapy. However, the differences in effectiveness, optimal treatment cycle, and prognosis between virtual reality-based vision therapy and traditional therapies remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality-based vision therapy and office-based vergence/accommodative therapy in young adults with convergence insufficiency or accommodative dysfunction.Methods: The patients were randomly assigned to either the virtual reality-based vision therapy group or the office-based vergence/accommodative therapy group. The vision therapy lasted 12 weeks (1 h/week) in both groups. Binocular visual functions (vergence and accommodation) were measured and a subjective questionnaire-based assessment was performed at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of therapy.Results: In total, 33 patients with convergence insufficiency and 30 with accommodative dysfunction completed the study. After 12 weeks of treatment for convergence insufficiency, the Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey score (F2,31 = 13.704, P < 0.001), near point of convergence (F2,31 = 21.774, P < 0.001), positive fusional vergence (F2,31 = 71.766, P< 0.001), and near horizontal phoria (F2,31 = 16.482, P < 0.001) improved significantly in both groups. Moreover, the monocular accommodative amplitude (F2,25 = 22.154, P < 0.001) and monocular accommodative facility (F2,25 = 86.164, P < 0.001) improved significantly in both groups after 12 weeks of treatment. A statistically significant difference was observed in monocular accommodative facility (F1,25 = 8.140, P = 0.009) between the two groups, but not in other vergence and accommodative functions (0.098 < P < 0.687).Conclusion: Virtual reality-based vision therapy significantly improved binocular vision functions and symptoms in patients with convergence insufficiency and accommodative dysfunction, thereby suggesting its effectiveness as a new optional or additional treatment for young adults with these conditions.Trial registration: This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry on 16/04/2019 (identifier: ChiCTR1900022556).

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Section: Changes In Symptoms and Vergence Function In Patients With Insu Ciencycontrasting

confidence: 70%

Section: Changes In Symptoms and Vergence Function In Patients With Insu Ciencycontrasting

confidence: 68%

Section: Changes In Symptoms and Vergence Function In Patients With Insu Ciencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virtual Reality-based Vision Therapy Versus OBVAT in the Treatment of Convergence Insufficiency, Accommodative Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Tang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Eye vergence insufficiency is a common binocular motor disorder. Current treatments are limited by high cost and cannot constantly record a precise eye vergence response [ 43 – 46 ]. Based on the difference of magnetic induction intensity of ferromagnetic materials at different positions of the MCL, we fixed Tesla meters at the four sides of the external frame glasses lens to simulate the movement of magnetic contact lens in nine directions (I–IX), corresponding to eye movements of 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, 180°, 225°, 270°, 310°, and the center position, respectively (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional flexible contact lens for eye health monitoring using inorganic magnetic oxide nanosheets

et al. 2022

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As a non-invasive innovative diagnosis platform, advanced flexible contact lenses can dynamically monitor vital ocular indicators, spot abnormalities and provide biofeedback guidance for real-time diagnosis and rehabilitation tracking of chronic eye diseases. However, most of the state-of-the-art reported contact lenses either can only monitor a single indicator at a time or realize multifunctional integration based on multiple materials. Herein, we developed a flexible multifunctional contact lens based on inorganic γ-Fe2O3@NiO magnetic oxide nanosheets, which can be attached conformally and seamlessly to the eyeball to simultaneously monitor glucose level in tears, eyeball movement, and intraocular pressure. The optimized contact lens has a reliable glucose detection limit (0.43 μmol), superior eye movement measurement accuracy (95.27%) and high intraocular pressure sensitivity (0.17 MHz mmHg− 1). This work presents a concept in the biochemical and biophysical integrated sensing of ocular signals using contact lens via an innovative material, and provides a personalized and efficient way for health management. Graphical Abstract

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“…Convergence insufficiency (CI) is another common vision disorder characterized by a lack of the ability to converge one's eyes while performing near tasks [25]. Carvelho et al [15] developed and tested a computer game for home-based therapy to examine the use of computer games in the therapy of convergence insufficiency.…”

Section: Background Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Serious Games for Vision Training Exercises with Eye-Tracking Technologies: Lessons from Developing a Prototype

et al. 2022

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Eye-tracking technologies (ETs) and serious games (SGs) have emerged as new methods promising better support for vision screening and training. Previous research has shown the practicality of eye-tracking technology for vision screening in health care, but there remains a need for studies showing that the effective utilization of SGs and ETs are beneficial for vision training. This study investigates the feasibility of SGs and ETs for vision training by designing, developing, and evaluating a prototype influenced by commercially available games, based on a battery of exercises previously defined by vision experts. Data were collected from five participants, including a vision teacher, through a user experience questionnaire (UEQ) following a mixed method. Data analysis of the UEQ results and interviews highlighted the current challenges and positive attitudes in using SGs and ET for vision training. In conjunction with UEQ indicators such as attractiveness and perspicuity, the stimulation of the vision training battery based on the user experience provided insights into using ETs and further developing SGs to better approach different eye movements for vision training.

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Comparison of home-based pencil push-up therapy and office-based orthoptic therapy in symptomatic patients of convergence insufficiency: a randomized controlled trial

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Virtual Reality-based Vision Therapy Versus OBVAT in the Treatment of Convergence Insufficiency, Accommodative Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Virtual Reality-based Vision Therapy Versus OBVAT in the Treatment of Convergence Insufficiency, Accommodative Dysfunction: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Multifunctional flexible contact lens for eye health monitoring using inorganic magnetic oxide nanosheets

Serious Games for Vision Training Exercises with Eye-Tracking Technologies: Lessons from Developing a Prototype

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