Comparison of human polymorphonuclear neutrophil elastase, polymorphonuclear neutrophil cathepsin-G, and α2-macroglobulin levels in healthy and inflamed dental pulps

Rauschenberger, Cindy R.; McClanahan, Scott B.; Pederson, E. D.; Turner, Donald W.; Kamiński, E.

doi:10.1016/s0099-2399(06)80070-1

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It may secrete neutrophil elastase in the periapical lesion as result of their degranulation with other serine proteinases. A positive relationship exists between pulpitis and the increase of neutrophil elastase activity in humans (23). Polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase was observed in the periapical tissue of patients clinically diagnosed as having irreversible pulpitis (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This protease has wide substrate specificity and has strong competency in degrading a variety of the proteins including elastin (22). There is a possibility that it evokes the severe tissue destruction seen in pulpitis (23) and periradicular lesions (24). In human periapical disease, neutrophil elastase levels of periapical exudates associated with clinical symptoms (25) and there may be a possibility that it serves as a diagnostic marker (26).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Expression of Macrophage and Neutrophil Elastases in Rat Periradicular Lesions

Morimoto

Yamasaki

Nakata

et al. 2008

Journal of Endodontics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expression of Macrophage and Neutrophil Elastases in Rat Periradicular Lesions

Morimoto

Yamasaki

Nakata

et al. 2008

Journal of Endodontics

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“…As any other opportunistic infection, apical periodontitis is characterized by a complex interplay between microbial tissue invasion and host defense (3). In the course of pulpal inflammation, the soft tissue inside the root canal system is digested by proteolytic enzymes, which are produced by neutrophils (4,5). Unless the entryway for the microorganisms into the pulp space is blocked by intervention (6), the whole canal system can gradually become infected, and an inflammatory lesion establishes around the apical region to keep this infection under control (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periapical fluid RANKL and IL-8 are differentially regulated in pulpitis and apical periodontitis

et al. 2014

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The dental pulp space can become infected due to a breach in the surrounding hard tissues. This leads to inflammation of the pulp (pulpitis), soft tissue breakdown, and finally to bone loss around the root apex (apical periodontitis). The succession of the molecular events leading to apical periodontitis is currently not known. The main inflammatory mediator associated with neutrophil chemotaxis is interleukin-8 (IL-8), and with bone resorption the dyad of receptor activator of NF-B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG). The levels of RANKL, OPG and IL-8 were studied in periapical tissue fluid of human teeth (n = 48) diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) and asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP). SIP represents the starting point, and AAP an established steady state of the disease. Periapical tissue fluid samples were collected using paper points and then evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Target protein levels per case were calibrated against the corresponding total protein content, as determined fluorometrically. RANKL was expressed at significantly higher levels in SIP compared to AAP (P < 0.05), whereas OPG was under the detection limit in most samples. In contrast, IL-8 levels were significantly lower in SIP compared to AAP (P < 0.05). Spearman's correlation analysis between RANKL and IL-8 revealed a significantly (P < 0.05) negative correlation between the two measures (rho = -.44). The results of this study suggest that, in the development of apical periodontitis, periapical bone resorption signaling, as determined by RANKL, occurs prior to inflammatory cell recruitment signaling, as determined by IL-8. AbstractThe dental pulp space can become infected due to a breach in the surrounding hard tissues. This leads to inflammation of the pulp (pulpitis), soft tissue breakdown, and finally to bone loss around the root apex (apical periodontitis). The succession of the molecular events leading to apical periodontitis is currently not known. The main inflammatory mediator associated with neutrophil chemotaxis is interleukin-8 (IL-8), and with bone resorption the dyad of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG). The levels of RANKL, OPG and IL-8 were studied in periapical tissue fluid of human teeth (n=48) diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) and asymptomatic apical periodontitis (AAP). SIP represents the starting point, and AAP an established steady state of the disease. Periapical tissue fluid samples were collected using paper points and then evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Target protein levels per case were calibrated against the corresponding total protein content, as determined fluorometrically. RANKL was expressed at significantly higher levels in SIP compared to AAP (P<0.05), whereas OPG was under the detection limit in most samples. In contrast, IL-8 levels were significantly lower in SIP compared to AAP (P<0.05). Spearman's correlation analysis between RANKL and IL-8 rev...

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“…It is beyond doubt that pulpal breakdown is triggered by bacterial invasion of dentin, 16 yet propagated by enzymes secreted by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). 17 The idea to use PMN-associated enzymes as markers for pulpal health was formulated, yet not tested, more than 20 years ago. 5 In this context, the MMP system of enzymes is interesting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of vehicles to collect dentinal fluid for molecular analysis

Zehnder

Rechenberg

Bostancı

et al. 2014

Journal of Dentistry

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OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that a material with higher water absorption than polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) could increase the yield of target molecules from exposed dentine. METH-ODS In a series of standard tests, different cellulose membranes were compared to a PVDF counterpart for their ability to absorb water and release protein. In a subsequent randomized clinical trial, the cellulose material with the most favourable values was compared to PVDF regarding the levels of MMP-2 that could be collected from exposed dentine of healthy human teeth during filling replacement. MMP-2 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data from the laboratory experiments were compared between materials using the appropriate parametric tests. The frequency of cases yielding quantifiable levels of MMP-2 was compared between materials by Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at 5%. RESULTS The cellulose membrane with the largest pore size (12-15 m) absorbed significantly (P<0.05) more water than PVDF. It showed a protein release that was similar to that of PVDF, while the cellulose membranes with smaller pore size retained significantly more protein (P<0.05). Using the large-pore cellulose membrane, MMP-2 could be collected at a quantifiable level from the dentine of healthy teeth in 9 of 13 cases, compared to 1 of 13 with the PVDF membrane (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Under the current conditions, a large-pore cellulose membrane yielded more of a molecule of diagnostic value compared to a standard PVDF membrane. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Molecular diagnostics of dentinal fluid are hampered by low yields. In the current study, it was shown that cellulose membranes are more useful to collect MMP-2 from dentinal fluid than PVDF membranes. ABSTRACTObjectives: To test the hypothesis that a material with higher water absorption than polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) could increase the yield of target molecules from exposed dentin. Methods:In a series of standard tests, different cellulose membranes were compared to a PVDF counterpart for their ability to absorb water and release protein. In a subsequent randomized clinical trial, the cellulose material with the most favorable values was compared to PVDF regarding the levels of MMP-2 that could be collected from exposed dentin of healthy human teeth during filling replacement. MMP-2 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data from the laboratory experiments were compared between materials using the appropriate parametric tests. The frequency of cases yielding quantifiable levels of MMP-2 was compared between materials by Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results:The cellulose membrane with the largest pore size (12 -15 µm) absorbed significantly (P < 0.05) more water than PVDF. It showed a protein release that was similar to that of PVDF, while the cellulose membranes with smaller pore size retained significantly more protein (P < 0.05). Using the large-pore cellulose membrane, MM...

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Comparison of human polymorphonuclear neutrophil elastase, polymorphonuclear neutrophil cathepsin-G, and α2-macroglobulin levels in healthy and inflamed dental pulps

Cited by 17 publications

References 16 publications

The Expression of Macrophage and Neutrophil Elastases in Rat Periradicular Lesions

The Expression of Macrophage and Neutrophil Elastases in Rat Periradicular Lesions

Periapical fluid RANKL and IL-8 are differentially regulated in pulpitis and apical periodontitis

Comparison of vehicles to collect dentinal fluid for molecular analysis

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