Comparison of Balanites aegyptiaca parts: metabolome providing insights into plant health benefits and valorization purposes as analyzed using multiplex GC-MS, LC-MS, NMR-based metabolomics, and molecular networking

Abstract

Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile (Zygophyllaceae), also known as the desert date, is an edible fruit-producing tree popular for its nutritional and several health benefits.

Assessment of metabolome diversity in black and white pepper in response to autoclaving using MS- and NMR-based metabolomics and in relation to its remote and direct antimicrobial effects against food-borne pathogens

“…1 H-NMR signal assignments were further conrmed using 2D-NMR experiments including 1 H-1 H TOCSY, 1 H-13 C HSQC, and 1 H- 13 C HMBC to aid in metabolites assignments. 27 Eighteen metabolites were identied and listed along with their chemical shis and distribution in black and white pepper, Table 1. 1 H-NMR spectra from black and white pepper methanol extracts are shown in Fig.…”

Phytochemical Screening and Antidiabetic Efficacy of Balanites aegyptiaca Seed Extract and Their Silver Nanoparticles on Muscle and Pancreatic Cell Lines

“…Various secondary metabolites are present in Hinghot plants such as alkaloids, steroids, pregnane glycosides, saponins (furostanol, spirostanol and open-chain steroidal saponins) and polyphenols (flavonoids, coumarins, stilbenes, tannins lignins and phenolic acids) extracted out from the different plant tissue like stem bark, seeds, root, leaves fruits and galls . Many nonflavonoid polyphenols isolated from B. aegyptiaca are cinnamic acid, benzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, gentisic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid, sinapic acid, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methoxy-3­(−2- propenyl)-phenol, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-propanone, 2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-phenol, 2,4-di tert -butyl-phenol 2,6-di tert -butyl-phenol and caffeic acids etc. − All these phytochemicals described are responsible for several medicinal properties like antioxidant, − antimicrobial, − anticancerous activities ,− antidiabetic ,, and several other protective activities.…”

“… 11 Many nonflavonoid polyphenols isolated from B. aegyptiaca are cinnamic acid, benzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, gentisic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid, sinapic acid, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-methoxy-3(−2- propenyl)-phenol, 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-propanone, 2-methoxy-4-(1-propenyl)-phenol, 2,4-di tert -butyl-phenol 2,6-di tert -butyl-phenol and caffeic acids etc. 12 − 14 All these phytochemicals described are responsible for several medicinal properties like antioxidant, 15 − 20 antimicrobial, 21 − 28 anticancerous activities 16 , 28 − 30 antidiabetic 16 , 31 , 32 and several other protective activities.…”

Exploring Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities in Mulberry Leaves (Morus alba L.) across Growth Stages: A Comprehensive Metabolomic Analysis with Chemometrics

“…Metabolomics has emerged as an increasingly utilized analytical approach for assessing the quality of both food and herbal products, ensuring their quality through targeted and untargeted methods [ 11 ]. While untargeted analysis aims to comprehensively analyze all measurable metabolites within a sample, encompassing both known and unknown compounds, targeted metabolomics narrows its focus to specific metabolites of interest [ 12 ].…”