Comparison of immune responses and antioxidant status of different generations of growth-selectedPortunus trituberculatusfamilies

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of inbreeding on the immune responses and antioxidant status of Portunus trituberculatus juveniles. Results showed that inbreeding affected the total haemocyte count, and phagocytic, pro-phenoloxidase (propo), phenoloxidase and antibacterial activities decreased after the seventh generation. Antioxidant status showed a similar pattern: total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and GSH/GSSG in the cell-free haemolymph and hepatopancreas decreased, while catalase activity in the cell-free haemolymph increased (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in a 2 -macroglobulin and bacteriolytic activities in the cell-free haemolymph and glutathione peroxidase activity in the cellfree haemolymph and hepatopancreas among nine inbreeding generations. Gene expression levels of proPO and crustin in haemocytes and SOD in haemocytes and hepatopancreas also decreased significantly as the inbreeding generations increased. The results suggest that a high level of inbreeding could severely reduce the physiological health of P. trituberculatus. Our obtained data would be particularly useful for P. trituberculatus breeding programmes.

Effects of Inbreeding on Genetic Characteristic, Growth, Survival Rates, and Immune Responses of a New Inbred Line of Exopalaemon carinicauda

“…In this study, the antibacterial activity and PO activity in the F 11 generation were significantly lower than that in the control population of E. carinicauda (P < 0:05), and the AKP activity in the F 10 generation was significantly lower than that in the control population. Ren et al also found that inbreeding could affect the antibacterial activity in the haemolymph of crabs [20].…”

“…Inbreeding depression for different components of fitness was occurred in animals and plants, such as fertility [43], hatchability [44], body weight [45], and survival [46]. Studies about the inbreeding depression of aquaculture species are of general concern, including Litopenaeus vannamei [19,23,47], Eulimnadia Texana [48], Penaeus (marsupenaeus) japonicas [25], Fenneropenaeus chinensis [24], and Portunus trituberculatus [20,49,50].…”

“…Determination of Immune Parameters. There were six immune parameters (the total haemocyte counts, the antibacterial activity, the haemocyanin (HEM) concentration, International Journal of Genomics phenoloxidase (PO), lysozyme (LZM), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity) and two antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity) were measured for analyzing the effective of inbreeding in different generations of EC4 inbred line according to the previous study [20,31]. The total haemocyte counts were counted using Neubauer haemocytometer under a light microscope.…”

“…Not all species showed inbreeding depression for all characters, but almost all showed inbreeding depression for most characters [17]. Inbreeding depression has been reported for many different traits, including growth [18], survival [19], stress resistance [20], and reproductive traits [21,22]. The magnitude of inbreeding depression on the fundamental economic traits may vary from species to species, also including aquaculture species.…”

“…Keys et al estimated negative regression coefficients of growth and survival on inbreeding level, but not statistically significant in P. japonicus [25]. Ren et al found that a high level of inbreeding could severely reduce the immune responses and antioxidant status of P. trituberculatus [20], but Luo et al found no significant effect of inbreeding on survival time after challenge with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) [24]. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the likely effects of inbreeding on the fundamental economic traits and physiological health in E. carinicauda to ensure the successful establishment of inbred line.…”