1989
DOI: 10.1007/bf00268044
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Comparison of isotonic saline, distilled water and boiled water in irrigation of open fractures

Abstract: A prospective randomised study was carried out on 86 patients with first, second and third degree open fractures in order to compare the effect of isotonic saline, distilled water and boiled water as irrigating fluids. The standard management consisted of emergency surgical toilet, use of broad spectrum antibiotics and fracture immobilization. The results show that the outcome was not affected by the type of irrigating fluid used.

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Cited by 30 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…Initial irrigation, if done in the first 6 hours after injury, was accomplished by gravity inflow and brush (Level 2). 17 After 6 hours, pulsatile lavage was used (Level 5). No antibiotics or soap were added to the irrigation solution (Level 1).…”
Section: Establishment Of Institution Protocolmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Initial irrigation, if done in the first 6 hours after injury, was accomplished by gravity inflow and brush (Level 2). 17 After 6 hours, pulsatile lavage was used (Level 5). No antibiotics or soap were added to the irrigation solution (Level 1).…”
Section: Establishment Of Institution Protocolmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There is a paucity of clinical trials evaluating open fracture wounds. Museru et al, conducted a randomized controlled trial comparing isotonic saline, distilled water and boiled water in the irrigation of open fracture wounds[ 33 ]. They reported an infection rate of 35% in the isotonic saline group, 17% in the distilled water group and 29% in the boiled water group.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…While bacteria and residual materials can be removed by lavaging with pressure, caution is needed as excessive pressure damages granulation tissue on the wound surface. It is recommended to warm lavage fluid nearly to the body temperature . Cold lavage fluid should be avoided, because it not only is less effective for removing contamination but also may cause vasoconstriction in diabetic ulcer, angiitis and ulcers associated with collagen disease.…”
Section: Commentarymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is recommended to warm lavage fluid nearly to the body temperature. 59 Cold lavage fluid should be avoided, because it not only is less effective for removing contamination but also may cause vasoconstriction in diabetic ulcer, angiitis and ulcers associated with collagen disease. If, on the other hand, lavage fluid is warmed excessively, it may denature protein on the wound surface.…”
Section: Significance Of Lavage and Points Of Cautionmentioning
confidence: 99%