Comparison of Life History Parameters of TwoFrankliniella occidentalis(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Strains in New Zealand

Abstract

Two strains of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), are reputedly found in New Zealand. One strain was recorded in 1934, and it is most common in flowers of Lupinus arboreus outdoors (lupin strain); the other strain was first recorded in New Zealand in 1992 and is found mostly indoors on greenhouse crops (greenhouse strain). Laboratory studies were conducted to compare the life history parameters of these two strains. Thrips from each strain were fed sucrose solution and capsicum or lupin pollen and reared at 25 degrees C, >60% RH, and 16 L:8 D photoperiod. Significant differences in life history parameters were found. Preoviposition time was significantly shorter, and oviposition rate and fecundity were markedly higher (four-fold) for the greenhouse than for the lupin strain. The lupin strain performed significantly better on the capsicum pollen, laying more than twice as many eggs than on the lupin pollen over a 14-d period. The greenhouse strain development time from larvae to adult was marginally faster (0.7-1.1 d less) than the lupin strain because of a shorter prepupal and a marginally shorter pupal development time. Females of the greenhouse strain lived on average 69% longer than females from the lupin strain. Large differences in the intrinsic growth rate (r(m)) were found, with r(m) being 1.4-1.8 times higher for the greenhouse strain than the lupin strain, depending on pollen source. The results are discussed in relation to different ecological requirements and pest status of the two strains.

Metabolomics of Thrips Resistance in Pepper (Capsicum spp.) Reveals Monomer and Dimer Acyclic Diterpene Glycosides as Potential Chemical Defenses

“…Sucrose was related to thrips susceptibility, which is not surprising because thrips need the sugars from the plant to survive and grow (Nielsen et al 2010 ). Chlorogenic acid was also related to susceptibility but has been related to insect resistance in other plant species ( e.g.…”

Structural and Chemical Profiles of Myrcia splendens (Myrtaceae) Leaves Under the Influence of the Galling Nexothrips sp. (Thysanoptera)

“…The females of Nexothrips oviposit on mature leaves of M. splendens , which should be a strategy to avoid the crushing of the egg cavities by the intense cell proliferation common in young developing leaves ( Rivnay, 1935 ). Besides crushing the cavities, the hyperplasia of young leaf tissues should end up pushing eggs out of the leaf, which should not favor the establishment of the galling thrips and gall development.…”

Olfactory responses of western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) populations to a non‐pheromone lure

“…The difference in response between the WFT‐G populations and the WFT‐L population towards MI needs to be considered in light of the large differences in some life‐history parameters (Nielsen et al., ). In addition, research by Rugman‐Jones et al.…”

“…The difference in response between the WFT-G populations and the WFT-L population towards MI needs to be considered in light of the large differences in some life-history parameters (Nielsen et al, 2010). In addition, research by Rugman-Jones et al (2010) suggests that WFT-L should be considered a separate cryptic species of WFT based on nuclear-mitochondrial barcoding.…”

“…In New Zealand, a putatively large monophagous population of WFT can also be found in the flowers of yellow tree lupins, Lupinus arboreus Sims (Fabaceae) (Mound & Walker, 1982). The 'lupin' WFT genotype is not considered to be a pest of crop plants either in the glasshouse or field, is morphologically identical to the 'glasshouse' WFT genotype (Mound & Walker, 1982;Mound, 2005), is highly susceptible to insecticides (Martin & Workman, 1994), and exhibits significant differences to the 'glasshouse' WFT in some life-history parameters (Nielsen et al, 2010). These factors, and recent studies on the molecular range of variation within WFT (Brunner & Frey, 2010;Rugman-Jones et al, 2010), strongly suggest that the 'glasshouse' and 'lupin' genotypes are closer to being different species than different populations of one species, with the 'lupin' genotypes being referred to as a separate cryptic non-pest species of WFT.…”