Comparison of material properties in fascicle-bone units from human patellar tendon and knee ligaments

Butler, David L.; Kay, Marguerite M. B.; Stouffer, D. C.

doi:10.1016/0021-9290(86)90019-9

Cited by 458 publications

(256 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In fact, reported failure values for the patellar in vitro have TENDON AGING CHARACTERISTICS BY GENDER reached: stress $80 MPa, 30 strain $30%, 32 and modulus $850 MPa. 34 A possible explanation for the reduction of a gender difference in tendon mechanical properties with aging is the changing hormonal milieu. Research has identified estrogen as being important to the homeostasis of many musculoskeletal tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tendon structural and mechanical properties do not differ between genders in a healthy community‐dwelling elderly population

Burgess

Pearson

Breen

et al. 2009

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Elderly women are reportedly at higher risk of falling than their male counterparts. Postural balance is highly associated with fall risk and is also correlated with tendon structural and mechanical properties. Gender differences in tendon properties could partly explain the discrepancy in fall risk. Thus the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible gender difference in tendon properties in the elderly. The properties of the patellar tendon of 55 elderly (men n ¼ 27, aged 72 AE 1 years, women n ¼ 28, aged 70 AE 1 years) participants were tested. Tendon stiffness (K), length (L), and cross-sectional area (CSA) were measured using B-mode ultrasonography, dynamometry, and electromyography during ramped isometric knee extensions. There were no significant differences ( p > 0.05) between men and women in tendon stiffness (elderly men 550.9 AE 29.2 vs. women 502.9 AE 44.9 Nmm À1 ) or in Young's modulus (elderly men 0.32 AE 0.02 vs. women 0.36 AE 0.04 GPa). This elderly group had similar tendon structural and mechanical properties. The comparable characteristics in genderspecific tendon properties in an elderly population exhibiting similar lifestyle characteristics to the current sample may not explain the reports in the literature regarding increased fall risk in elderly women relative to that seen in men of a similar age. Keywords: aging; gender differences; patellar tendon; stiffness; Young's modulusIn the last 30 years the proportion of the population aged 65 years or more has increased to 16% in the UK and this increase is set to continue (The Office for National Statistics, 2006). Approximately one-third of people aged over 65 fall at least once a year, and about half of these do so recurrently, leading to injury and subsequent decrease in quality of life, and in many cases death. 1 Elderly women exhibit a higher risk of falling than their male counterparts, 2,3 and most falls occur after a loss of stability in a forward direction such as tripping while walking. 2 In order to maintain balance individuals require information concerning the orientation of the body in space and the geometry of the body. In humans this information is obtained via the complex interactions of sensory systems (primarily the somatosensory, visual, and vestibular systems) and motor systems. 4 Aging results in a decline in the function of these systems and their interaction, which has been related to reduced balance ability and thus increased fall risk. [5][6][7]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tendon structural and mechanical properties do not differ between genders in a healthy community‐dwelling elderly population

Burgess

Pearson

Breen

et al. 2009

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…Similar methods have been used previously to provide estimates of ACL loading during skiing (Gerritsen et al, 1996), open and closed chain knee extension (Escamilla et al, 2001) and sidestep cutting (Simonsen et al, 2000). Con sidering that the ACL is the primary restraint to loading (anterior) in this plane (Butler et al, 1988), this repre sentation appears feasible.…”

Section: External Knee Loads For Optimized Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sagittal plane biomechanics cannot injure the ACL during sidestep cutting

McLean

Huang

et al. 2004

Clinical Biomechanics

325

284

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“…Sufficient data are available for the nonlin ear stress-strain or force-Tength relationships of the ligaments (e.g. Butler et al, 1986;Trent et al, 1976) but for the reference strain, i,e, the strain in ligaments for the joint in extension (Wismans et al, 1980), and the related zero-load length of the ligaments there are no data available. In knee models, the ligament reference strains were merely estimated, and sometimes adapted by means of trial and error in order to get better agreement with experimental data (Blankevoort et al, 1991) or to prevent the ligaments from being overstrained for particular joint motions (Essinger et al, 1989;Wismans et al, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a three-dimensional model of the knee

Blankevoort

Huiskes

1996

Journal of Biomechanics

189

114

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Abstract-Three-dimensional mathematical models of the tibio-femoral joint require input of the geometry of articulating surfaces and ligament insertions, and the mechanical properties of cartilage and ligaments. This paper describes a validation of a knee model through a direct specimen-related comparison between the knee model and the kinematics of four knee joint specimens from which the geometry data were used as input of the model The knee model is quasi-static and is based on equilibrium of forces and moments. The stiffness properties of the ligaments and articular cartilage were estimated on the basis of data reported in the literature. The so-called reference strains in the ligament bundles for the joint in extension, were determined by using an optimization procedure, minimizing the difference between the kinematics of the model and the kinematics of experimentally obtained flexion motions with an internally or an externally rotated tibia (±3 Nm load). A reasonable to good agreement between the model and the experimental kinematics could be obtained for internal-external rotation laxity and the coupled translations and varus-valgus rotation. The disparity between model and experiment varied from knee to knee, average deviations ranging from close to zero to 8° internal rotation deviation and from 5 mm posterior to 3 mm anterior position deviation. The average anterior-posterior laxities at both 20° and 90° flexion were within the variations reported in the literature, although for each individual joint with some underestimation or overestimation. It was concluded that the optimization procedure compensated for the lack of menisci and capsular structures by higher prestrains, thereby overestimating the ligament forces, Despite the gross simplifica tions relative to the complex anatomy of the knee, the present knee model can realistically simulate the passive motion characteristics of the human knee joint.

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Comparison of material properties in fascicle-bone units from human patellar tendon and knee ligaments

Cited by 458 publications

References 14 publications

Tendon structural and mechanical properties do not differ between genders in a healthy community‐dwelling elderly population

Tendon structural and mechanical properties do not differ between genders in a healthy community‐dwelling elderly population

Sagittal plane biomechanics cannot injure the ACL during sidestep cutting

Validation of a three-dimensional model of the knee

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