Comparison of media for their aptitude in wheat anther culture

Abstract

Different media were evaluated with anthers of five spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes for their ability to produce embryos and green plants in anther culture. Our first experiment showed that the addition of a combination of 19 amino acids significantly increased the number of embryos and green plants obtained. The mean number of green plants per 100 anthers for the two genotypes in this experiment, HY320 and B723, went from 28.2 without amino acids in the medium, to 46.7 with addition of amino acids. Our second experiment with the genotypes HY320, Wim and Laval-19 showed that liquid medium with Ficoll is more efficient for anther culture (9.9 green plants/100 anthers) than solid (0 green plants), gelatinous media (2.5 green plants/100 anthers) or liquid medium with Membrane Rafts (0 green plants; Hoechst Celanese Corp.). Our third experiment revealed that the effect of replacement of sucrose by maltose varied with the genotype of the donor plant. Maltose partially inhibited the androgenesis of three responsive genotypes, HY320, Wim and Reliance (40.3 green plants/100 anthers instead of 43.9 with sucrose), while maltose significantly increased the androgenesis of the recalcitrant genotype Laval-19 (10.8 green plants/100 anthers instead of 5.4 with sucrose). An amino acid x maltose interaction was also observed. Amino acids without maltose increased androgenesis, but the addition of maltose to the amino acid-enriched medium eliminated this positive effect of the amino acids.

Improvement of in vitro androgenesis in niger using amino acids and polyamines

“…Addition of a combination of amino acids (arginine, aspargine, cystine, glutamine, glycine and proline; 1.0 and 2.0 mM) to the induction medium was beneficial in induction of embryos (Table 1). Addition of a combination of amino acids has also been beneficial for induction of embryos and plantlet regeneration in Cucumis sativus (Ashok , Hordeum vulgare (Ouédraogo et al 1998), Triticum aestivum (Trottier et al 1993), and Zea mays (Claparols et al 1993). Embryo induction was also improved with the addition of putrescine and spermidine (5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 μM) to the induction medium compared to the control (Table 2).…”

Pseudo-embryogenic structures in anther and isolated microspore cultures in vitro: a cautionary guide

“…Results of some of the recent studies also reveal that the replacement of sucrose by maltose enhanced the success of anther culture (Trottier et al 1993). Maltose as a sole carbon source in the culture medium also proved critical for the development of microspore-derived embryos in Triticum aestivum (Mejza et al 1993).…”

The Evaluation of Response to Isolated Microspores Culture in Some Iranian Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars

“…The higher plant regeneration obtained by CHB-2 medium may be due to concentration of the organic nitrogen especially glutamine used in this medium (Mordhorst & lörz, 1993). It has been showed that certain amino acids can be beneficial for embryo maturation and plant regeneration (Trottier et al, 1993). In media without the presence of immature ovaries, cell division was blocked in the developing pathway microspores for embryo formation.…”