Comparison of optimal estimation HDO∕H&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;O retrievals from AIRS with ORACLES measurements

Herman, R. L.; Worden, J.; Noone, David; Henze, Dean; Bowman, K. W.; Cady‐Pereira, Karen; Payne, Vivienne H.; Kulawik, S. S.; Fu, Dejian

doi:10.5194/amt-13-1825-2020

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…EUREC 4 A greatly extends the current small body of observed isotopic profiles from the tropical lower troposphere (cf. Bailey et al, 2013;Herman et al, 2020). Similarly, the liquid water samples collected during EUREC 4 A help extend the spatial coverage of existing archives (e.g.…”

Section: Concluding Perspective On Dataset Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic measurements in water vapor, precipitation, and seawater during EUREC⁴A

Bailey

Aemisegger

Villiger

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. In early 2020, an international team set out to investigate trade wind cumulus and their coupling to the large-scale circulation through the field campaign EUREC4A: ElUcidating the RolE of Clouds‐Circulation Coupling in ClimAte. Focused on the western tropical Atlantic near Barbados, EUREC4A deployed a number of innovative observational strategies, including a large network of water isotopic measurements, to study the tropical shallow convective environment. The goal of the isotopic measurements was to elucidate processes that regulate the hydroclimate state – for example, by identifying moisture sources, quantifying mixing between atmospheric layers, characterizing the microphysics that influence the formation and persistence of clouds and precipitation, and providing an extra constraint in the evaluation of numerical simulations. During EUREC4A, researchers deployed seven water vapor isotopic analyzers on two aircraft, on three ships, and at the Barbados Cloud Observatory (BCO). Precipitation was also collected for isotopic analysis at BCO and from aboard four ships. In addition, three ships collected seawater for isotopic analysis. All told, the in situ data span the period 5 January through 22 February 2020 and cover the approximate area 6 to 16° N and −50 to −60° W. Moreover, water vapor isotope ratios were measured from a few meters to nearly 8 km above sea level. This paper describes the full EUREC4A isotopic in situ data collection – providing extensive information about sampling strategies and data uncertainties – and also guides readers to complementary remotely sensed water vapor isotope ratios. DOIs for the multiple isotopic datasets are provided in Sect. 5 Data Availability.

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Section: Concluding Perspective On Dataset Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotopic measurements in water vapor, precipitation, and seawater during EUREC⁴A

Bailey

Aemisegger

Villiger

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…During ATOMIC the P-3 was equipped with a flight-ready Picarro L2130-i water vapor isotopic analyzer which measured the concentration of water vapor and its isotopic composition at 5 Hz frequency. ATOMIC was the first flight campaign for this newly developed instrument although similar instruments have flown as part of previous airborne research missions (e.g., Sodemann et al, 2017;Herman et al, 2020). The isotope ratio measurements, which are part of a broad suite of such observations made during EUREC 4 A, are reported elsewhere; here we describe the instrument's fast and accurate measurements of water vapor concentration (i.e., mixing ratio).…”

Section: Water Vapor Stable Isotope Analyzermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Absorption by water vapor and oxygen is calculated based on temperature, pressure, and relative humidity profiles measured by dropsondes using the model suggested by the ITU-R (2013). Attenuation by precipitation is estimated using inversions and relationships from Hitschfeld and Bordan (1954) following Iguchi and Meneghini (1994). Measured Doppler velocity is corrected for the pitch and roll components of aircraft motion.…”

Section: Physical Sciences Laboratory W-band Radarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations from the NOAA P-3 aircraft during ATOMIC

Pincus

Fairall

Bailey

et al. 2021

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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Abstract. The Atlantic Tradewind Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Interaction Campaign (ATOMIC), part of the larger experiment known as Elucidating the Role of Clouds-Circulation Coupling in Climate (EUREC4A), was held in the western Atlantic during the period 17 January–11 February 2020. This paper describes observations made during ATOMIC by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Lockheed WP-3D Orion research aircraft based on the island of Barbados. The aircraft obtained 95 h of observations over 11 flights, many of which were coordinated with the NOAA research ship R/V Ronald H. Brown and autonomous platforms deployed from the ship. Each flight contained a mixture of sampling strategies including high-altitude circles with frequent dropsonde deployment to characterize the large-scale environment, slow descents and ascents to measure the distribution of water vapor and its isotopic composition, stacked legs aimed at sampling the microphysical and thermodynamic state of the boundary layer, and offset straight flight legs for observing clouds and the ocean surface with remote sensing instruments and the thermal structure of the ocean with in situ sensors dropped from the plane. The characteristics of the in situ observations, expendable devices, and remote sensing instrumentation are described, as is the processing used in deriving estimates of physical quantities. Data archived at the National Center for Environmental Information include flight-level data such as aircraft navigation and basic thermodynamic information (NOAA Aircraft Operations Center and NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory, 2020, https://doi.org/10.25921/7jf5-wv54); high-accuracy measurements of water vapor concentration from an isotope analyzer (National Center for Atmospheric Research, 2020, https://doi.org/10.25921/c5yx-7w29); in situ observations of aerosol, cloud, and precipitation size distributions (Leandro and Chuang, 2020, https://doi.org/10.25921/vwvq-5015); profiles of seawater temperature made with Airborne eXpendable BathyThermographs (AXBTs; NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory, 2020a, https://doi.org/10.25921/pe39-sx75); radar reflectivity, Doppler velocity, and spectrum width from a nadir-looking W-band radar (NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory, 2020c, https://doi.org/10.25921/n1hc-dc30); estimates of cloud presence, the cloud-top location, and the cloud-top radar reflectivity and temperature, along with estimates of 10 m wind speed obtained from remote sensing instruments operating in the microwave and thermal infrared spectral regions (NOAA Physical Sciences Laboratory, 2020b, https://doi.org/10.25921/x9q5-9745); and ocean surface wave characteristics from a Wide Swath Radar Altimeter (Prosensing, Inc., 2020, https://doi.org/10.25921/qm06-qx04). Data are provided as netCDF files following Climate and Forecast conventions.

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“…Figure 1 (purple line) shows the seasonality of δD_004 for the Obidos basin. These δD_004 data are generated from new Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) measurements of the HDO/H2O ratio of free-tropospheric water vapor 31,32 , which are available from 2003 to 2020 (Methods). The AIRS deuterium measurements (Methods) and corresponding δD_004 estimates have a monthly uncertainty of ~4 permil with no observable changes in the calibration over this time period 33 , making this record suitable for evaluating seasonal to decadal changes.…”

Section: Seasonality Of Amazon Et-p Using Water Vapor Deuterium Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scatter in the deuterium content versus TWS/river discharge data are also likely driven by uncertainties in the river discharge data which are assumed to be 20% or larger. That said, uncertainties related to the deuterium content and gravity measurements are small relative to the other uncertainties mentioned since both are effectively precision limited, meaning that monthly averaging reduces their uncertainties 15,31,32,36 . These different effects are discussed in more detail in Methods.…”

Section: Seasonality Of Amazon Et-p Using Water Vapor Deuterium Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amazonian terrestrial water balance inferred from satellite-derived water vapor isotopes

Shi¹,

Worden²,

Bailey³

et al. 2021

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The evolution of the Amazon forest is tightly coupled to its terrestrial water balance (evapotranspiration minus precipitation, or ET-P), as an increase in ET-P reduces soil moisture, increasing water stress. However, large differences of ~ 50% between current monthly estimates of ET-P make it challenging to confidently quantify its spatio-temporal distribution and evolution. Here, we show that new satellite observations of the HDO/H2O ratio of water vapor, spanning 2003 to 2020, constrain estimates of the Amazon water balance with monthly precision of ~ 20%. The HDO/H2O ratio of water vapor is sensitive to the difference between ET and P, rather than to either flux alone, because lighter isotopes preferentially evaporate and heavier isotopes preferentially condense. Consequently, variable bias and sensitivity errors that result from combining different ET and precipitation products are minimized with this proxy. Our analysis demonstrates these data can quantify the spatial patterns of Amazon water balance from monthly to interannual time scales.

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Comparison of optimal estimation HDO∕H<sub>2</sub>O retrievals from AIRS with ORACLES measurements

Abstract: In this paper we evaluate new retrievals of the deuterium content of water vapor from the Aqua Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS), with aircraft measurements of HDO and H 2

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

Isotopic measurements in water vapor, precipitation, and seawater during EUREC⁴A

Isotopic measurements in water vapor, precipitation, and seawater during EUREC⁴A

Observations from the NOAA P-3 aircraft during ATOMIC

Amazonian terrestrial water balance inferred from satellite-derived water vapor isotopes

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Comparison of optimal estimation HDO∕H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O retrievals from AIRS with ORACLES measurements

Abstract: In this paper we evaluate new retrievals of the deuterium content of water vapor from the Aqua Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS), with aircraft measurements of HDO and H 2

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

Isotopic measurements in water vapor, precipitation, and seawater during EUREC4A

Isotopic measurements in water vapor, precipitation, and seawater during EUREC4A

Observations from the NOAA P-3 aircraft during ATOMIC

Amazonian terrestrial water balance inferred from satellite-derived water vapor isotopes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Comparison of optimal estimation HDO∕H<sub>2</sub>O retrievals from AIRS with ORACLES measurements

Isotopic measurements in water vapor, precipitation, and seawater during EUREC⁴A

Isotopic measurements in water vapor, precipitation, and seawater during EUREC⁴A