Comparison of oral hygiene practices and oral health problems among smoker and non-smoker male adolescents in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Al-Qurashi, Hatim; Al-Farea, Majed; Al-Qurai, Theeb; Al-Kadi, Mohammed T; AlBassam, Bassam N.; Nazir, Muhammad Ashraf

doi:10.1016/j.sjdr.2016.04.002

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…15 The proportion of adolescents using tobacco in any form in this study as well as in other previous studies from Nigeria 12,13 appeared to be lower than the figures obtained from other settings where prevalence ranging from 8.5% to 20.6% had been reported. [6][7][8][9][10][11] The reasons for the lower prevalence of tobacco usage among Nigerian adolescents compared to their counterparts may be multifactorial but not limited to cultural reasons, socioeconomic considerations, and access to tobacco products. 4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]15,17 The results showed that a higher proportion of nonsmokers agreed that tobacco usage has specific oral effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Tobacco usage usually starts in adolescent years as evidenced by the finding that most adult smokers initiated their smoking habit during adolescence. [3][4][5] Surveys conducted among adolescents showed a wide variation in current smoking rates: 8.6% in the United States, 6 10.2% in India, 7 20.2% in Saudi Arabia, 8 8.5% in Zimbabwe, 9 19.3% in Madagascar, 10 12.6% in a study carried out among some selected African countries, 11 and 3.3% to 5.7% in Nigeria. 4,12,13 Interventions have been instituted in different countries with the aim of curbing tobacco usage and to discourage it among adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge of School-Going Adolescents About the Oral Effects of Tobacco Usage in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria

Lawal

Fagbule

2019

Int Q Community Health Educ

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Background The individual knowledge of the effects of tobacco usage on health plays an important role in its uptake. Tobacco consumption usually starts during adolescence, and lack of knowledge about the oral problems of tobacco usage probably plays a role in it. Aim To determine the knowledge of adolescents about the effect of tobacco usage on oral health. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,465 adolescents aged 12 to 20 years who attended senior secondary schools in a major city in Nigeria. Data were obtained through a semistructured questionnaire. Data obtained were analyzed with SPSS. Results The mean age of respondents was 15.2 (±1.4) years. Only 40 (2.7%) of them used tobacco at the time of study and 992 (67.7%) said that tobacco usage has effect(s) on oral health. The main effects mentioned were mouth odor: 338 (34.1%); teeth discoloration: 297 (29.9%); tooth decay: 138 (13.9%); damage to teeth: 72 (7.3%); lip discoloration: 39 (3.9%); and oral cancer: 11 (1.1%). It was found that female respondents (72.1%, odds ratio = 1.4, confidence interval = 1.1–1.7, p = .005); those aged 12 to 15 years (73.6%, odds ratio = 2.0, confidence interval = 1.6–2.5, p < .001); and children of skilled workers (73.4%, odds ratio = 1.9, confidence interval = 1.2–3.0, p = .008) were more likely to mention that tobacco has adverse effect(s) on oral health. Conclusion Although two thirds of the students knew that tobacco usage has effects on oral health, there were gross inadequacies in the knowledge and misconceptions about those effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of School-Going Adolescents About the Oral Effects of Tobacco Usage in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria

Lawal

Fagbule

2019

Int Q Community Health Educ

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“…A list of male public high schools (grade 10-12) was obtained from Ministry of Education Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Sample size of 453 was calculated using total population of male high schools students, [20] 95% confidence interval (CI), anticipated frequency of the outcome, and design effect of the study. [21] The study was commenced after obtaining ethical approval from the institution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Partial data have been reported elsewhere. [20] Frequency distributions for study variables were calculated. Univariate analysis was performed using Pearson's Chi-square test to calculate unadjusted odds ratio (OR) of various variables with smoking.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness about the effects of tobacco consumption on oral health and the possibility of smoking behavior among male Saudi schoolchildren

Nazir

Almas

2017

Eur J Dent

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Objective:To investigate an association between the awareness about the effects of tobacco consumption on oral health and the likelihood of smoking among male schoolchildren.Materials and Methods:A cross sectional study was conducted using a multistage random sampling technique. The participants (ages 15–19 years) were recruited from male public high schools in Greater Dammam in Saudi Arabia. A pretested questionnaire inquired participants' awareness about the effects of smoking on oral health. SPSS (Released 2013, IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) was used to calculate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Multiple logistic regression and interaction analyses were performed to identify the factors associated with the probability of smoking behavior among children.Results:More than 69.9% (n = 277) of participants were aware of the adverse effects of tobacco consumption on oral health which included poor oral health, bad taste and breath, periodontal disease, dental caries, oral ulcers, and oral cancers. The odds of smoking were 22%–47% lower among schoolchildren who were aware of the consequences of smoking on oral health than those who were unaware of these complications. The students who believed that smoking can cause oral ulcers and negatively affects oral health had a lower probability of smoking (OR: 0.414; CI: 0.201–0.50) and (OR: 0.433; CI: 0.194–0.965), respectively in comparison with those who thought that smoking had no such negative impacts.Conclusions:Schoolchildren with increased awareness of smoking effects on oral health were less likely to smoke. Educating students about the complications of smoking on oral health should be the part of smoking cessation programs and policies.

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“…A significantly higher proportion of smokers were shown to have tooth sensitivity and dryness of the mouth than non-smokers [43]. Evidence suggests that smoking reduces salivary flow which predisposes individuals to dryness of the mouth or xerostomia [44].…”

Section: Dryness and Hypersensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Prevalence of Tobacco Use in Adolescents and Its Adverse Oral Health Consequences

Nazir

Al‐Ansari

Abbasi

et al. 2019

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND: Smoking is associated with various systemic conditions and contributes to a huge financial burden to economies around the world. AIM: The study aimed to evaluate global data about the prevalence of tobacco use among male and female adolescents and to discuss smoking-related oral complications. METHODS: The prevalence data of tobacco use among adolescents (13-15 years) was retrieved from the World Health Organization (Global Health Observatory). The World Bank’s statistics about gross national income (GNI) per capita were used to categorise low-income, lower-middle-income, upper-middle-income, and high-income countries. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched to gather updated evidence about the adverse consequences of smoking on oral health among adolescents. RESULTS: The prevalence of tobacco use was 19.33%, and there were 23.29% of male and 15.35% female smoker adolescents in 133 countries (p < 0.001). The highest prevalence of tobacco use in male (24.76%) and female (19.4) adolescents was found in high-income countries. Significantly higher proportions of male adolescents were smokers than female counterparts in low-income, lower-middle-income, and upper-middle-income (p < 0.001). However, there were no statistically significant differences in tobacco use between male and female adolescents in high-income countries. Low-income countries had the lowest prevalence (14.95%) of tobacco use, while high-income countries had the highest prevalence estimates (22.08). Gingivitis (72.8%), gingival bleeding (51.2%), oral malodor or halitosis (39.6%) is common oral conditions among smoker adolescents. Smoking habit is significantly associated with dental caries, periodontal disease, hairy tongue, smoking-related melanosis, and hyperkeratosis among adolescents. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of tobacco use among male and female adolescents around the globe. Available evidence suggests a strong association between smoking and compromised oral health among adolescents. Globally, measures should be taken to prevent and control the menace of tobacco use to reduce systemic and oral complications.

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Comparison of oral hygiene practices and oral health problems among smoker and non-smoker male adolescents in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia

Cited by 14 publications

References 31 publications

Knowledge of School-Going Adolescents About the Oral Effects of Tobacco Usage in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria

Knowledge of School-Going Adolescents About the Oral Effects of Tobacco Usage in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria

Awareness about the effects of tobacco consumption on oral health and the possibility of smoking behavior among male Saudi schoolchildren

Global Prevalence of Tobacco Use in Adolescents and Its Adverse Oral Health Consequences

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