Comparison of plaque reduction and focus reduction neutralization tests for the measurement of neutralizing antibody titers against japanese encephalitis virus

Immuno-Colorimetric Neutralization Test: A Surrogate for Widely Used Plaque Reduction Neutralization Tests in Public Health Virology

“…Though both FRNTs and PRNTs showed similar sensitivity with inter-assay variation (Nt-Ab titers) of two-and three-fold, respectively, FRNTs offer the advantage of speed, reduced sample volume, and the possibility of automation using 96-well plates [21,22]. Other studies have also indicated good correlations between PRNT-and FRNT-derived Nt-Ab titers for Japanese encephalitis viruses (JEV) [29]. Thus, FRNTs offer an added advantage for studying JEV vaccine efficacy and subsequently for other Vaccine Preventable Diseases (VPDs).…”

“…Different types of NTs based on either viral plaque or focus staining procedures have been developed for the VPDs, i.e., Measles virus (MeV), Mumps virus (MuV), Rubella (RuV) and Varicella Zoster virus [7,10,13,16,21,22,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45]55,56,65,68]. Similarly, many improved versions of NTs have been described for JEV, especially for vaccine and wild-type strains [14,15,[27][28][29]. The applications of various NTs have been documented for Rotaviruses that can be easily prevented by immunization [69,70].…”

Novel envelope protein time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay as an alternative in vitro potency assay for quality control of inactivated Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine

“…The most important quality control indicators are antigen content and vaccination potency. National Institutes of Health (NIH) test and plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) are designated for the assessment immunogenicity and potency testing of inactivated JE vaccine [ 12 ]. These methods not only require secure biosafety experimental environment, expensive experimental animals, lengthy testing procedures, and high operational skills, but also increased exposure in human beings to live and virulent JE virus and cannot guarantee the stability of test results [ 13 ].…”