Comparison of Primary Orchiectomy with Oestrogen Therapy in Advanced Prostatic Cancer; A 2‐Year Follow‐up Report of a National, Prospective Prostatic Cancer Study

Abstract

Two hundred and seventy-seven patients with advanced prostatic cancer were treated by either orchiectomy or oestrogen. During the 2-year follow-up period, the response to treatment was considered more favourable in the oestrogen group, and this response was particularly emphasised in patients with poorly differentiated tumour and metastases at the time of diagnosis. Further evaluations included the cardiovascular side effects of oestrogen therapy.

Parenteral oestrogen in the treatment of prostate cancer: a systematic review

“…Therapies and routes of administration Of the 17 studies included in the review of effectiveness and safety, parenteral oestrogen was given alone in 9 studies with a total of 2192 patients (Jacobi et al, 1980;Steg et al, 1983;Bishop et al, 1989;Haapiainen et al, 1990;Aro et al, 1993;Lukkarinen and Kontturi, 1994;Mikkola et al, 1998;Henriksson et al, 1999;Hedlund et al, 2002), combined with oral oestrogen in 7 studies with a total of 1247 patients (Andersson et al, 1980;Daehlin et al, 1986;Haapiainen et al, 1986;Henriksson and Edhag, 1986;Aro et al, 1988;Johansson et al, 1991a;Lundgren et al, 1995), and combined with doxorubicin in 1 study with 188 patients (Leaf et al, 2003). Intramuscular (i.m.)…”

“…Intramuscular (i.m.) polyoestradiol phosphate (PEP) was used in 14 of the 17 included studies (Andersson et al, 1980;Daehlin et al, 1986;Haapiainen et al, 1986Haapiainen et al, , 1990Henriksson and Edhag, 1986;Aro et al, 1988Aro et al, , 1993Bishop et al, 1989;Johansson et al, 1991a;Lukkarinen and Kontturi, 1994;Lundgren et al, 1995;Mikkola et al, 1998;Henriksson et al, 1999;Hedlund et al, 2002), and 7 of the 9 studies using parenteral oestrogen alone (Bishop et al, 1989;Haapiainen et al, 1990;Aro et al, 1993;Lukkarinen and Kontturi, 1994;Mikkola et al, 1998;Henriksson et al, 1999;Hedlund et al, 2002). The other studies used intravenous (i.v.)…”

“…parenteral oestrogen alone, three used PEP doses of 240 mg month À1 (Mikkola et al, 1998;Henriksson et al, 1999;Hedlund et al, 2002), while the remainder employed 160 mg month À1 (Bishop et al, 1989;Haapiainen et al, 1990;Aro et al, 1993;Lukkarinen and Kontturi, 1994) or 100 mg month À1 (Jacobi et al, 1980). Seven studies combined PEP at 80 mg month À1 with oral ethinyl oestradiol at 150 mg day À1 (Andersson et al, 1980;Daehlin et al, 1986;Haapiainen et al, 1986;Henriksson and Edhag, 1986;Aro et al, 1988;Johansson et al, 1991a;Lundgren et al, 1995), and the remaining study that assessed parenteral oestrogen in combination used 1 g Stilboestrol i.v. every 2 weeks with 50 mg m À2 doxorubicin every 3 weeks (Leaf et al, 2003).…”

“…at 80 mg month À1 in combination with 150 mg day À1 oral oestradiol (Andersson et al, 1980;Daehlin et al, 1986;Haapiainen et al, 1986;Henriksson and Edhag, 1986;Aro et al, 1988;Johansson et al, 1991a;Lundgren et al, 1995). One trial with 188 patients used Stilboestrol i.v.…”

The Effect of Parenteral Estrogen versus Orchiectomy on Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Prostatic Cancer Patients

“…However, no thromboem bolic complications were encountered. other cardiovascular complications during the first months of therapy [5,12], In this randomized, prospective study, parenteral PEP alone was used instead of a combination estrogen therapy. The effects of PEP and bilateral subcapsular orchiectomy on blood coagulation and fibrinolytic pa rameters were compared in patients with prostatic carci noma.…”