Comparison of Refined Cane Sugar, Invert Cane Molasses and Unrefined Cane Sugar in Starter Rations for Early Weaned Pigs

Díaz, Francisco Javier Mesías; Speer, V. C.; Ashton, G. C.; Liu, C. H.; Catron, D. V.

doi:10.2527/jas1956.151315x

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The reason for this may be the nutrient digestibility, because there was no significant influence in nutrient digestibility in this study. There was no influence of treatments with 0, 5, and 10% invert cane molasses on BW, ADG, and G:F, respectively, in early weaned pigs (Diaz et al, 1956). Similar results were obtained, which showed that adding 20% molasses to the diet does not affect ADG (Brooks, 1967) and G:F (Brooks, 1972) in growing pigs compared with the treatments containing a lower level of molasses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Effect of substitution of corn for molasses in diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, fecal noxious gas emission, and meat quality in finishing pigs

et al. 2016

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-The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of molasses as a substitute for corn in diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, fecal noxious gas emission, and meat quality in finishing pigs. A total of 120 [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] pigs with an average initial body weight (BW) of 54.21±2.62 kg were used in this experiment. Pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 dietary treatments on the basis of BW and sex (10 replicate pens per treatment with four pigs per pen: two gilts and two barrows in each pen). The experiment was divided into two phases: 0-5 weeks and 6-10 weeks. Dietary treatments were as follows: control, basal diet; control + 2.5% cane molasses; and control + 5% cane molasses. No significant differences were observed in terms of growth performance, nutrient digestibility, red blood cells, and white blood cells in blood characteristics, fecal noxious gas emission, and meat quality in this study. However, blood lymphocytes were higher with control + 2.5% cane molasses than with control at the end of the 10th week. Molasses can be considered an alternative for corn at the level of 2.5% without any negative influence in finishing pigs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Effect of substitution of corn for molasses in diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, fecal noxious gas emission, and meat quality in finishing pigs

et al. 2016

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“…The beneficial effects of CCF on feed consumption may be partially due to the increase in diet palatability, similar to the previous studies in which milk chocolate product was used during d 0 to 14 postweaning (Sullivan et al, 1992;Yang et al, 1997). The carbohydrates from CCF including fructose and sucrose could enhance appetite (Diaz et al, 1956). Sucrose has higher sweetness than lactose.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Efficacy of a supplemental candy coproduct as an alternative carbohydrate source to lactose on growth performance of newly weaned pigs in a commercial farm condition

Guo¹,

Phillips²,

Coffey³

et al. 2015

Journal of Animal Science

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The experiment investigated the effects of a supplemental candy coproduct (Chocolate Candy Feed [CCF]; International Ingredient Corp., St. Louis, MO), an alternative carbohydrate source to dietary lactose, on growth performance and on health status of nursery pigs. Crossbred pigs ( = 1,408; 21 d of age and 7.1 ± 0.3 kg BW; Smithfield Premium Genetics, Rose Hill, NC) were randomly assigned to 4 treatments (16 pens/treatment and 22 pigs/pen) in a randomized complete block design: 0, 15, 30, and 45% of lactose replaced by CCF based on equal amounts of total sugars. The experimental period was divided into 3 phases: phase I (1.8 kg diet/pig for 11 ± 1 d), phase II (6.8 kg diet/pig for 17 ± 2 d), and phase III (until 49 d after weaning). Pigs received a common phase III diet. The levels of lactose, supplied by whey permeate (79.3 ± 0.8% lactose), were 20, 8, and 0% in phase I, II, and III, respectively. All experimental diets contained the same levels of essential AA and energy (ME) for each phase. Fecal scores were observed on d 5, 7, and 9 after weaning. Blood samples were taken at the end of phase I and II to measure blood urea N. The duration of phase I tended to linearly decrease ( = 0.063) with increasing CCF. In phase I, the ADFI increased ( < 0.05) with increasing CCF whereas ADG and G:F did not change. In phase II, the duration and ADFI did not change whereas ADG linearly decreased ( < 0.05) with increasing CCF. However, the G:F was not changed as CCF increased. During phase I and II together, the duration was linearly decreased ( < 0.05) as CCF increased, whereas no difference in growth performance was observed. Overall, ADFI, ADG, and G:F were not affected by replacing whey permeate with CCF in diets, indicating no adverse effects of a candy coproduct as a carbohydrate substitute to lactose on growth performance of nursery pigs. Blood urea N did not change in phase I but tended to linearly increase ( = 0.088) in phase II as CCF increased. There were no differences in fecal scores and mortality as CCF increased. However, increasing CCF tended to linearly decrease ( = 0.083) morbidity, which implies no adverse effects of a candy coproduct replacement on health status of nursery pigs. In conclusion, a candy coproduct can be used to replace up to 45% of dietary lactose for nursery pigs without negative effects on growth performance or health status. A candy coproduct could be an economical alternative to partly replace the use of lactose in swine production.

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“…Although the study of taste is not specifically relevant to welfare assessment, the reaction towards different food sources could bring, in our opinion, some further insights into the pigs' sensory capacities. In this respect, our results fully agree with those reported by Archer et al (2003) who tested the same ingredients and they indicate a strong predilection for apple and banana, as well as lemon aversion, therefore confirming the well-known preference of pigs for sweet taste (Diaz et al, 1956). As far as the main behavioural traits are concerned, lying (sternal and lateral recumbencies) is the most frequent behaviour in stabled pigs and it varies, over a 24-h period, from 60% of total observation for young piglets (Hay et al, 2003) to 80% and more for 10-month old pigs with a BW of about 160 kg (Scipioni et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A study on some welfare-related parameters of hDAF transgenic pigs when compared with their conventional close relatives

Martelli

Sardi

Stancampiano

et al. 2014

Animal

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Pigs are increasingly used in medical research as transgenic laboratory animals; however, little knowledge is presently available concerning their welfare assessment. The aim of the present study was to investigate some welfare-related parameters of transgenic pigs intended for xenotrasplantation (human decay-accelerating factor (hDAF)) when compared with their conventional (i.e. not transgenic) close relatives (full sibs and half sibs). A total of 14 Large White female transgenic pigs and 10 female non-transgenic (conventional) pigs from four litters were used. All pigs were from the same conventional boar, donor of the semen treated for sperm-mediated gene transfer. During the experiment, BW ranged from 50 to about 80 kg and pigs were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Animals were subjected to a set of behavioural tests: a human approach test (HAT), a novel object test (NOT) and an open-door test (ODT). Food preferences were tested through the offer of different foods (banana, apple, carrot, cracker and lemon). During a 4-day period, pigs were diurnally videotaped to study the prevalence of the different behaviours and social interactions (aggressive and non-aggressive interactions). At the end of the trial, cortisol level had been assessed on bristles. No significant differences ( P > 0.05) were observed between hDAF transgenic and conventional pigs with respect to growth traits, reactivity towards unexpected situations (HAT, NOT, ODT), food preferences, main behavioural traits, social interactions and hair cortisol.

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Comparison of Refined Cane Sugar, Invert Cane Molasses and Unrefined Cane Sugar in Starter Rations for Early Weaned Pigs

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of substitution of corn for molasses in diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, fecal noxious gas emission, and meat quality in finishing pigs

Effect of substitution of corn for molasses in diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, fecal noxious gas emission, and meat quality in finishing pigs

Efficacy of a supplemental candy coproduct as an alternative carbohydrate source to lactose on growth performance of newly weaned pigs in a commercial farm condition

A study on some welfare-related parameters of hDAF transgenic pigs when compared with their conventional close relatives

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