Comparison of reflected green light and infrared photoplethysmography

Maeda, Yasuhiro; Shimizu, Masaki; Tamura, Toshiyo; Moriya, Akio; Suzuki, Takamasa; Kameyama, Ken-ichi

doi:10.1109/iembs.2008.4649649

Cited by 56 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…By normalizing the modulation, and using wavelengths that have been found to better determine pulsatile blood flow, our present study demonstrated the practical application of a PPG device may be a promising technique as a heart rate monitor. 9,16,20,26,32 To our knowledge this is the first study to examine light wavelength reflectance and skin type influence during both rest and exercise.…”

Section: 36mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore critical that the device penetrate deep enough to provide detection of arterial vessels in order to determine the pulsatile changes in associated volume between systole and diastole. 3,6,8,9,16,20,23,25,26 In the present study, the interaction between various light wavelengths and skin type was investigated at rest and during exercise. We hypothesized that certain wavelengths of light would provide better light reflectance across skin types represented by a greater peak in modulation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Influence of skin type and wavelength on light wave reflectance

Fallow

Tarumi

Tanaka

2013

J Clin Monit Comput

134

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DedicationIn dedication to my family, friends, and Jessie for whom I could of not done this without.Their constant support, faith and encouragement provided me with the strength and passion that allowed me to pursue my dreams. They are my foundation and worked just as hard as I did being here for me. Thank you with all my heart and love.v Acknowledgements A very special thanks to Dr. Tanaka my primary investigator and advisor, whom kept me on track and taught me that research, is more than just knowledge; it is a complete pursuit and dedication. His ability to drive and teach were great examples and helped me grow as a graduate student and researcher but also as a person. Thanks to Dr.Brothers for being my second reader and providing a second set of eyes to my ideas. Heart rate monitoring (HRM) is an essential tool for monitoring physical activity and as a diagnostic tool in the clinical setting. The ability to monitor heart rate gives users and clinicians vital information about the current condition of the cardiovascular system before, during, and after exercise. However, HRM requires a telemetric chest strap, and comfort, transmission and fit can become problems with the chest strap. New technology using photoplethysmography (PPG) has emerged recently to provide the possibility of HRM without a telemetric chest strap during exercise. The aim of this study was to determine if a new device could detect heart rate over a broad range of skin types (I-V), and whether what wavelength would be most suitable for detecting the signals. A light emitting diode (LED) based PPG system was used to determine heart rate by change in pulsatile blood flow on 22 apparently healthy individuals (11 male and 11 female, 20-59 years old) of varying skin type. Skin type was classified according to a questionnaire in combination with digital photographs with a skin type chart. Each subject was exposed to four different wavelengths (470 nm, 520 nm, 630 nm, and 880 nm) and multiple trials were conducted on each wavelength. Heart rate detection was vii represented by modulation of the incident light wave and normalized by saturation into a pulsatile waveform represented as modulation average. The 520nm wavelength classified as visible green light provided a significantly greater (p<0.001) ability to detect heart rate. Increasing levels of melanin, or darker skin type (Type V) showed decreased modulation however this trend was not significant (p<0.067). There was no significant interaction between the wavelength of light and the skin type. In conclusion, a PPG based device can detect heart rate across skin types and use of a green light wavelength provides an even greater resolution.viii

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Section: 36mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of skin type and wavelength on light wave reflectance

Fallow

Tarumi

Tanaka

2013

J Clin Monit Comput

134

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“…PPG signals were measured with various LEDs as the optical source; the primary wavelength is in the range of ~ 935 nm for "infrared", ~ 660 nm for "red", ~ 470 nm for "blue", and ~ 525 nm for "green". However, we will stress the advantages of green-LED-based photoplethysmography in the following discussion because its superior performance [6].…”

Section: Experimental Methods and Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In trying to noninvasively detect alcohol intake, many studies have focused on optical analysis of the photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal [1][2][3][4][5][6]. This approach is attracting more attention from the viewpoint of its many medical applications [2,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced method to mask smoking effect on alcoholic intake detection based on photoplethysmogram signal analysis

2012

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This paper proposes an advanced and reliable alcoholic-intake detection method that analyzes the subject's photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal. Since smoking and physical exercise as well as alcohol intake are crucial determiners of the body's response, we must analyze how they influence the PPG signal in detecting alcohol intake. In contrast to past studies, it is revealed that the respiratory signal is very useful for alcoholintake detection regardless of smoking and physical exercise, and a more reliable alcohol intake detection method is demonstrated. The proposed analytical methods consider not only the harmonic intensity ratio of the PPG signal, but also the oxygen-saturation level (SpO 2 ) in the artery.

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“…This choice is a trade-off and depends on the targeted application, but is usually in the 510 to 940 nm range corresponding to green and infrared lights, respectively. Measurements done on light skins and at normal ambient temperature (around 20 °C) have shown that reflected green light has more desired properties to maintain a good signal to noise ratio during motion compared to IR [66]. This is the main reason many consumer devices that target ambulatory heart rate measurements use green light source.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Design rationale and performance evaluation of Wavelet Health Wristband: bench-top validation of a wrist-worn physiological signal recorder (Preprint)

Dur¹,

Rhoades²,

Ng³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Background: Wearable and connected health devices along with the recent advances in mobile and cloud computing provide a continuous, convenient-to-patient and scalable way to collect personal health data remotely. The Wavelet Health Platform and the Wavelet Wristband have been developed to capture multiple physiological signals and to derive biometrics from these signals including resting heart rate, heart rate variability, and respiration rate.

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Comparison of reflected green light and infrared photoplethysmography

Cited by 56 publications

References 5 publications

Influence of skin type and wavelength on light wave reflectance

Influence of skin type and wavelength on light wave reflectance

Advanced method to mask smoking effect on alcoholic intake detection based on photoplethysmogram signal analysis

Design rationale and performance evaluation of Wavelet Health Wristband: bench-top validation of a wrist-worn physiological signal recorder (Preprint)

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