Comparison of salt tolerance and osmotic adjustment of low‐sodium and high‐sodium subspecies of the C<sub>4</sub> halophyte, <i>Atriplex canescens</i>

Glenn, Edward P.; Watson, M. Carolyn; O’Leary, James W.; Axelson, R. D.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.1992.tb01013.x

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Contrary to one previous distinction made about glycophytes and halophytes, it is now known that both types of species can limit Na + uptake into the shoot, i.e. salt tolerance in halophytes is not necessarily dependent on high levels of Na + accumulation in the shoot (Glenn et al, 1992). The high degree of NaCI induction of plasma membrane H + -ATPase mRNA accumulation in A. nummularia roots as determined by analyses of the entire organ was apparently the result of increased transcript levels in cells of the elongation and differentiation zones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

NaCl Regulation of Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Gene Expression in a Glycophyte and a Halophyte

et al. 1993

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NaCl regulation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase gene expression in the glycophyte tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum 1. var Wisconsin 38) and the halophyte Atriplex nummularia L. was evaluated by comparison of organ-specific mRNA abundance using homologous cDNA probes encoding the ATPases of the respective plants. Accumulation of mRNA was induced by NaCl in fully expanded leaves and in roots but not in expanding leaves or stems. l h e NaCl responsiveness of the halophyte to accumulate plasma membrane H+-ATPase mRNA in roots was substantially greater than that of the glycophyte. Salt-induced transcript accumulation in A: nummularia roots was localized by in situ hybridization predominantly to the elongation zone, but mRNA levels also increased in the zone of differentiation. lncreased message accumulation in A. nummularia roots could be detected within 8 h after NaCl (400 mM) treatment, and maximal levels were severalfold greater than in roots of untreated control plants. NaCI-induced plasma membrane H+-ATPase gene expression in expanded leaves and roots presumably indicates that these organs require increased H+-electrochemical potential gradients for the maintenance of plant ion homeostasis for salt adaptation. l h e greater capacity of the halophyte to induce plasma membrane H+-ATPase gene expression in response to NaCl may be a salt-tolerance determinant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

NaCl Regulation of Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Gene Expression in a Glycophyte and a Halophyte

et al. 1993

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“…Osmotic adjustment to saline substrates is achieved by accumulation of alkali salts (Flowers & Yeo, 1988). Therefbre, the calculated cation concentration, doubled because of the accompanying anions, may be considered an estimate of osmotic pressure (Glenn et al, 1992). Following this estimate, the results suggest a similar osmotic adjustment in both subspecies.…”

Section: I S C U S Si O Nmentioning

confidence: 72%

Salt tolerance and ion relations of Salsola kali L.: differences between ssp. tragus (L.) Nyman and ssp. ruthenica (Iljin) Soó

Reimann

Breckle

1995

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYThe effect of increasing salt concentrations (up to 200 mmol 1' Cf) on growth, succulence and mineral composition has heen studied in some accessions of Salsola kali L. ssp. tragus (L.) Nyman and ssp. rvthenica (lljin) boo. Uifterences between accessions corresponded to the taxonomic distinction of subspecies. Dry weight was increased by 50 nimol h' NaCl in ssp. tragus, hut not in ssp. ruthenica. Rising salinity increased shoot water content in both subspecies, but ssp. tragus was more succulent than ssp. ruthenica. In ssp. 'tragus potassium content decreased after NaCl treatment, and the accumulation of sodium was sigmficantlv higher than in ssp. ruthenica. corre 1 T f ' I , ''"°" concentration were similar in all accessions. The results indicate a positive correlation between salt tolerance, succulence and low K/Na-ratios in leaves.

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“…In such plants, K + accumulation accounts for barely 4% of total cation contribution to osmotic adjustment, and their Na + /K + ratios may be as high as 30 in seawater-level salinity (Naidoo and Rughunanan 1991). On the other hand, Glenn et al (1992) demonstrated that halophytes that appeared to discriminate against Na + , in favour of K + , were as tolerant of salt as those that appeared to favour Na + for osmotic adjustment. In the case of non-halophytes, it is clear that some species discriminate against Na + more than others by lowering [Na + ] in the leaves, particularly in the cytoplasm, balanced by higher cytoplasmic K + concentrations, often increasing salt tolerance (Hajibagheri et al 1989).…”

Section: Na+/k+ Discriminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological responses of plants to salinity: A review

Volkmar¹,

Hu²,

Steppuhn³

1998

Can. J. Plant Sci.

295

162

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, H. 1998. Physiological responses of plants to salinity: A review. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: 19-27. Root-zone salinization presents a challenge to plant productivity that is effectively countered by salt-tolerant halophytic plants, but unfortunately, much less successfully by major crop plants. The way in which salt affects plant metabolism is reviewed. Cellular events triggered by salinity, namely salt compartmentation, osmotic adjustment and cell wall hardening are connected to the whole plant responses, namely leaf necrosis, altered phenology and ultimately plant death. The roles of ion exclusion and K/Na discrimination in mediating crop response to salt appear to be central to the tolerance response, but they are by no means essential. The processes involved in regulating ion uptake at the membrane level are considered. Recent work elucidating the interaction between calcium and salinity tolerance is reviewed.Key words: Cell growth, cell turgor, ion regulation, K + /Na + discrimination, osmotic adjustment, salt tolerance Volkmar, K. M., Hu, Y. et Steppuhn, H. 1998. Réponse physiologique des plantes à la salinité: Mise au point bibliographique. Can. J. Plant Sci. 78: 19-27. La salinisation de la rhizosphère est un obstacle à la productivité végétale, qui est exploité avec succès par les plantes halophytes (tolérantes au sel), mais qui est beaucoup plus difficile à surmonter pour les principales espèces cultivées. Les auteurs présentent une mise au point bibliographique des effets des sels sur le métabolisme végétal. Les phénomèmes cellulaires déclenchés par la salinité, notamment la compartimentation des sels, les adaptations osmotiques, le durcissement des parois cellulaires sont reliés aux réactions de la plante, nécrose foliaire, perturbation phénologique et finalement la mort. L'exclusion et la discrimination K/Na dans la médiation des réponses de la plante semblent être au centre des réactions de tolérance, encore qu'elles ne soient en aucun point essentielles. Les auteurs analysent les mécanismes impliqués dans la régulation de l'absorption ionique au niveau membranaire. Ils passent également en revue les travaux récents éclairant l'interaction entre le calcium et la tolérance à la salinité. Mots clés:Croissance cellulaire, turgesgence de la cellule, régulation ionique, discrimination K + /Na + , adaptation osmotique, tolérance au sel A generalized model of plant response to salt stress will be described, relating the whole-plant manifestations of root-zone salinity to initial responses to soil salinity at the cellular level. PRINCIPLESThere is a continuous spectrum of plant tolerance to saline rooting media, ranging from very sensitive glycophytes showing the effects of salt at concentrations of less than 1/10 sea water (50 mol m -3 ), to halophytes, that complete their life cycles at 500 mol m -3 (Flowers et al. 1986; Ungar 1991). The halophyte, Suaeda maritima, for example, exhibits a growth optimum of around 200 mol m -3 and is able to tolerate root zone salinity levels up to 1000 mol m -3 (Clipson et...

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Comparison of salt tolerance and osmotic adjustment of low‐sodium and high‐sodium subspecies of the C₄ halophyte, Atriplex canescens

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

NaCl Regulation of Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Gene Expression in a Glycophyte and a Halophyte

NaCl Regulation of Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Gene Expression in a Glycophyte and a Halophyte

Salt tolerance and ion relations of Salsola kali L.: differences between ssp. tragus (L.) Nyman and ssp. ruthenica (Iljin) Soó

Physiological responses of plants to salinity: A review

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Comparison of salt tolerance and osmotic adjustment of low‐sodium and high‐sodium subspecies of the C4 halophyte, Atriplex canescens

Cited by 28 publications

References 24 publications

NaCl Regulation of Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Gene Expression in a Glycophyte and a Halophyte

NaCl Regulation of Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Gene Expression in a Glycophyte and a Halophyte

Salt tolerance and ion relations of Salsola kali L.: differences between ssp. tragus (L.) Nyman and ssp. ruthenica (Iljin) Soó

Physiological responses of plants to salinity: A review

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Comparison of salt tolerance and osmotic adjustment of low‐sodium and high‐sodium subspecies of the C₄ halophyte, Atriplex canescens