Comparison of Simultaneous Measurements of Indoor Nitrous Acid: Implications for the Spatial Distribution of Indoor HONO Emissions

Bottorff, B.; Wang, Chen; Reidy, Emily; Rosales, C. M. F.; Farmer, Delphine K.; Vance, Marina E.; Abbatt, Jonathan P. D.; Stevens, P. S.

doi:10.1021/acs.est.2c02196

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…There is a growing concern about the health risks associated with indoor HONO contamination ( SI Appendix , Table S2 ) ( 125 , 126 ). Cooking events can lead to an immediate increase in indoor HONO mixing ratios, peaking at around 100 ppbv ( 127 – 130 ). Indoor surfaces, including materials like gypsum, kaolinite, painted walls ( 131 , 132 ), and even the presence of grimes ( 18 , 133 ) and microbial films ( 134 ) covering these surfaces, facilitate the development of conducive environments for photo-enhanced heterogeneous reactions involving NO 2 ( 135 ), as well as the photolysis of pNO 3 - ( 136 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, HONO is continuously released over an extended period ( 137 ). Opening windows to allow natural ventilation or using ventilation systems to increase air exchange rates can rapidly reduce HONO levels to below 1 ppbv ( 128 , 135 , 138 ). However, our understanding of the contribution of secondary HONO formation and HONO directly emitted from cooking events is still incomplete ( 128 , 129 , 135 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Opening windows to allow natural ventilation or using ventilation systems to increase air exchange rates can rapidly reduce HONO levels to below 1 ppbv ( 128 , 135 , 138 ). However, our understanding of the contribution of secondary HONO formation and HONO directly emitted from cooking events is still incomplete ( 128 , 129 , 135 ). The isotopic fingerprints approach offers a valuable tool to study the dynamic of HONO in the indoor environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unveiling the underestimated direct emissions of nitrous acid (HONO)

Zhang,

Liu,

Wang

et al. 2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Gaseous nitrous acid (HONO) is a critical source of hydroxyl radicals (OH) in the troposphere. While both direct and secondary sources contribute to atmospheric HONO, direct emissions have traditionally been considered minor contributors. In this study, we developed δ 15 N and δ 18 O isotopic fingerprints to identify six direct HONO emission sources and conducted a 1-y case study on the isotopic composition of atmospheric HONO at rural and urban sites. Interestingly, we identified that livestock farming is a previously overlooked direct source of HONO and determined its HONO to ammonia (NH 3 ) emission ratio. Additionally, our results revealed that spatial and temporal variations in atmospheric HONO isotopic composition can be partially attributed to direct emissions. Through a detailed HONO budget analysis incorporating agricultural sources, we found that direct HONO emissions accounted for 39~45% of HONO production in rural areas across different seasons. The findings were further confirmed by chemistry transport model simulations, highlighting the significance of direct HONO emissions and their impact on air quality in the North China Plain. These findings provide compelling evidence that direct HONO emissions play a more substantial role in contributing to atmospheric HONO than previously believed. Moreover, the δ 15 N and δ 18 O isotopic fingerprints developed in this study may serve as a valuable tool for further research on the atmospheric chemistry of reactive nitrogen gases.

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