Comparison of single euploid blastocyst transfer cycle outcome derived from embryos with normal or abnormal cleavage patterns

A Mini-Review Regarding the Clinical Outcomes of In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Following Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing (PGT)-Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Approach

“…Following the allocation of the articles that met the eligibility criteria, we extracted several strong points: The body mass index (BMI) and obesity influence the chances of implantation and amplify the risk of miscarriage [ 40 , 46 ], also dependent on the couple’s age [ 27 ], cesarean section (C-section) [ 22 ], and ovarian reserve [ 23 ], rather than correlated with previous unsuccessful pregnancies [ 36 ]; While age exerts a detrimental effect, it is mitigated through SNP-based PGT-A [ 39 ], and the embryos’ morphology possesses a significant threat with greater impact [ 11 , 37 , 47 ], but contradicted on several occasions [ 21 , 29 , 38 ]; Embryo morphokinetic [ 11 , 34 , 37 ] and inner cell mass (ICM) morphology constitute an optimal predictor of sustained implantation [ 48 ]; Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy numbers are higher in day 5 blastocysts of older women than day 6 blastocysts, further associated with a low chance of ongoing pregnancies [ 14 , 24 ]; The content of mtDNA is unable to predict the miscarriage risk [ 12 ] and additionally refuted when comparing the outcome differences between them [ 19 ] despite the cryo-storage [ 49 ]; Despite the sensitivity of platforms, errors still might occur, and their optimization is mandatory; PGT-NGS significantly improves the clinical outcomes in mosaic embryos [ 28 , 41 , 50 ], FAST-SeqS being a reliable and scalable PGT-A method [ 15 ]; Mosaic embryos have poor reproductive potential but retain the ability to result in live births [ 13 , 33 ], further sustaining that TE biopsy did not add detectable adverse effects [ 42 ] but as a supplement for the management of recurrent implantation failure (RIF) [ 45 ...…”

“…While age exerts a detrimental effect, it is mitigated through SNP-based PGT-A [ 39 ], and the embryos’ morphology possesses a significant threat with greater impact [ 11 , 37 , 47 ], but contradicted on several occasions [ 21 , 29 , 38 ]; Embryo morphokinetic [ 11 , 34 , 37 ] and inner cell mass (ICM) morphology constitute an optimal predictor of sustained implantation [ 48 ];…”

“…Interestingly, low-medium mosaicism in TE arises after the differentiation of TE and ICM [ 30 ]. Re-biopsy constitutes the approach that may rescue blastocysts with developmental potential [ 31 ] if they exhibit direct or reverse cleavage and are morphologically eligible [ 11 ] with approximately half of the live birth rates by comparison with those euploids [ 13 , 37 ]. Recipients of donated oocytes subjected to an embryo transfer at blastocyst stage should be opted instead of cleavage stage embryo transfer as recently demonstrated [ 70 ], indicated choice in females with Turner Syndrome in cases with or without mosaicism [ 17 ], biopsy not adding additional risks to the neonatal outcomes [ 71 ].…”

Non-invasive evaluation of embryo quality for the selection of transferable embryos in human in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer

“…[60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74]. Using a known data set of single static embryo images, the Embryo Ranking Intelligent Classification Algorithm was developed to rank embryos based on ploidy and implantation potential[75].…”

Single nucleotide polymorphisms cumulating to genetic variation for fertility in crossbred ( Bos taurus × Bos indicus ) bull spermatozoa

“…Proteasome activator subunit 1(PSME1) was found to have a mutation at chromosome number 10 (bta10) at position 21012919bp where there is a transition of A>C. This gene was involved in various important biological processes like positive regulation of endopeptidase activity, antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen, and regulation of catabolic proteasome protein. PSME1 is also involved in epididymis secretory sperm binding protein and are essential for promoting sperm motility(Bosler et al 2014;Ozbek et al 2021). BOLA-DRA, a Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha(BOLA-DRA) gene was observed to have two missense mutations in Chr 23 at 25840067bp, 25840771 bp and both transitions were found to be G>A.…”