Comparison of small size fully porous particles and superficially porous particles of chiral anion-exchange type stationary phases in ultra-high performance liquid chromatography: effect of particle and pore size on chromatographic efficiency and kinetic performance

Schmitt, Kristina; Woiwode, Ulrich; Kohout, Michal; Zhang, Tong; Lindner, Wolfgang; Lämmerhofer, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.056

Cited by 33 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Recently, it has been shown that particle and pore size play a crucial role in the chromatographic performance of anion‐exchange and zwitterion ion‐exchange CSPs based on a quinine selector. For both FPP and SPP, it has been documented that larger pores are beneficial for column efficiency due to better diffusion characteristics of such CSPs . However, not only the type of the silica particle is important, but also the total selector coverage and surface morphology of the modified particle significantly contribute to the overall chromatographic performance of a CSP .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of silica from different vendors as the solid support of anion‐exchange chiral stationary phases by means of preferential sorption and liquid chromatography

Kohout

Hovorka

Herciková

et al. 2019

J of Separation Science

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Chromatographic performance of a chiral stationary phase is significantly influenced by the employed solid support. Properties of the most commonly used support, silica particles, such as size and size distribution, and pore size are of utmost importance for both superficially porous particles and fully porous particles. In this work, we have focused on evaluation of fully porous particles from three different vendors as solid supports for a brush‐type chiral stationary phase based on 9‐O‐tert‐butylcarbamoyl quinidine. We have prepared corresponding stationary phases under identical experimental conditions and determined the parameters of the modified silica by physisorption measurements and scanning electron microscopy. Enantiorecognition properties of the chiral stationary phases have been studied using preferential sorption experiments. The same material was slurry‐packed into chromatographic columns and the chromatographic properties have been evaluated in liquid chromatography. We show that preferential sorption can provide valuable information about the influence of the pore size and total pore volume on the interaction of analytes of different size with the chirally‐modified silica surface. The data can be used to understand differences observed in chromatographic evaluation of the chiral stationary phases. The combination of preferential sorption and liquid chromatography separation can provide detailed information on new chiral stationary phases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of silica from different vendors as the solid support of anion‐exchange chiral stationary phases by means of preferential sorption and liquid chromatography

Kohout

Hovorka

Herciková

et al. 2019

J of Separation Science

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“…This type of CSP can be subdivided into tanionic, cationic, and zwitterionic categories and chiral separation is mainly based on ionic interactions between the analytes and the CSPs. Recent research in this field has focused on optimization of the CSP structure (e.g., modification or introduction of anionic/cationic groups), utilization of different chromatographic matrices (e.g., superficially porous particles), immobilization techniques, and applications of this type of CSP for enantioresolution of acid or basic compounds [93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100].…”

Section: Cinchona Alkaloid-based Cspsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in the development of chiral stationary phases for high‐performance liquid chromatography

Zhang

2021

J of Separation Science

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Separations and analyses of chiral compounds are important in many fields, including pharmaceutical production, preparation of chemical intermediates, and biochemistry. High-performance liquid chromatography using a chiral stationary phase is regarded as one of the most valuable methods for enantiomeric separation and analysis because it is highly efficient, is broadly applicable, and has powerful separation capability. The focus for development of this method is the identification of novel chiral stationary phases with superior recognition performance and good stability. The present article reviews recent progress in the development of new chiral stationary phases for high-performance liquid chromatography between January 2018 and June 2021. These newly reported chiral stationary phases are divided into three categories: small organic moleculebased (cyclodextrin and its derivatives, macrocyclic antibiotics, cinchona alkaloids, and other low molecular weight chiral molecules), macromoleculebased (cellulose and amylose derivatives, chitin and chitosan derivatives, and synthetic helical polymers) and chiral porous material-based (chiral metal-organic frameworks, chiral covalent organic frameworks, and chiral inorganic mesoporous silicas). Each type of chiral stationary phase is discussed in detail.

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“…SPP-based bonded CPs include isopropyl cyclofructan 6 (Spudeit et al, 2014), cylcofructan-7 (Patel et al, 2015), naproxen selector (Ismail et al, 2016), cellulose 3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate (Bezhitashvili et al, 2018), anion-exchange-type chiral selector, tert-butylcarbamoylquinine (Schmitt et al, 2018), and zwitterionic chiral ion-exchange selectors obtained by conjugation of quinine and 2-aminocyclohexanesulfonic acid via a carbamate (Geibel et al, 2019).…”

Section: Chiral Separationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental to achieving fast separations with high efficiency: A review of chromatography with superficially porous particles

Luo

DeStefano

Langlois

et al. 2021

Biomedical Chromatography

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Types of particles have been fundamental to LC separation technology for many years. Originally, LC columns were packed with large-diameter (>100 μm) calcium carbonate, silica gel, or alumina particles that prohibited fast mobile-phase speeds because of the slow diffusion of sample molecules inside deep pores. During the birth of HPLC in the 1960s, superficially porous particles (SPP, ≥30 μm) were developed as the first high-speed stationary-phase support structures commercialized, which permitted faster mobile-phase flowrates due to the fast movement of sample molecules in/out of the thin shells. These initial SPPs were displaced by smaller totally porous particles (TPP) in the mid-1970s. But SPP history repeated when UHPLC emerged in the 2000s. Stationary-phase support structures made from sub-3-μm SPPs were introduced to chromatographers in 2006. The initial purpose of this modern SPP was to enable chromatographers to achieve fast separations with high efficiency using conventional HPLCs. Later, the introduction of sub-2-μm SPPs with UHPLC instruments pushed the separation speed and efficiency to a very fast zone.This review aims at providing readers a comprehensive and up-to-date view on the advantages of SPP materials over TPPs historically and theoretically from the material science angle.

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Comparison of small size fully porous particles and superficially porous particles of chiral anion-exchange type stationary phases in ultra-high performance liquid chromatography: effect of particle and pore size on chromatographic efficiency and kinetic performance

Cited by 33 publications

References 49 publications

Evaluation of silica from different vendors as the solid support of anion‐exchange chiral stationary phases by means of preferential sorption and liquid chromatography

Evaluation of silica from different vendors as the solid support of anion‐exchange chiral stationary phases by means of preferential sorption and liquid chromatography

Recent progress in the development of chiral stationary phases for high‐performance liquid chromatography

Fundamental to achieving fast separations with high efficiency: A review of chromatography with superficially porous particles

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