Comparison of Snowmelt Runoff from the River Basins in the Eastern and Western Himalayan Region of India using SDSRM

Kiba, Liza G.; Rajkumari, S.; Chiphang, Ngahorza; Bandyopadhyay, Arnab; Bhadra, A.

doi:10.1007/s12524-021-01384-9

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We adopted a lower value of "a" (4.5 mm • C −1 d −1 ) for the lower zones because "a" is expected to decrease with a decrease in elevation, due to the high direct solar radiation at higher altitudes (Hock, 2003;Zhang et al, 2006;Tahir et al, 2011;Panday et al, 2014). Tcrit for rain/snow separation was taken as 1.5 • C for lower zones, like the previous studies in the western Himalaya (Singh and Jain, 2003;Aggarwal et al, 2014;Kiba et al, 2021). The values of C S and C R were also varied with the zone elevation, for the higher altitudes, the values for C S are higher and the values for C R are less as compared to the lower zones (Tahir et al, 2011;Panday et al, 2014).…”

Section: Sensitivity and Uncertainty Estimationmentioning

confidence: 98%

On the transferability of snowmelt runoff model parameters: Discharge modeling in the Chandra-Bhaga Basin, western Himalaya

Vinze

Azam²

2023

Front. Water

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Snowmelt runoff plays a major role in the glacierized and snow-covered basins in the western Himalaya. Modeling is the most helpful tool to quantify snowmelt contribution in mountainous rivers. However, the model calibration is very difficult because of the scarcity of ground observations in the Himalaya. We applied snowmelt runoff model (SRM) in a reference catchment of Chhota Shigri Glacier in the Chandra-Bhaga Basin, western Himalaya. Three model parameters [temperature lapse rate and recession coefficients (x and y)] among the nine model parameters were constrained using extensive field observations while initial values of other parameters were adopted from previous studies and calibrated, and the model was calibrated and validated against the observed discharge data. The daily discharge was simulated over 2003–2018 for both Chhota Shigri Catchment and Chandra-Bhaga Basin using snow cover area (SCA), precipitation, and temperature as inputs. The simulated mean annual discharges were 1.2 ± 0.2 m3/s and 55.9 ± 12.1 m3/s over 2003–2018 for Chhota Shigri Catchment and Chandra-Bhaga Basin, respectively. The reconstructed discharge was mainly controlled by summer temperature and summer SCA in the Chhota Shigri Catchment and summer SCA and summer precipitation in the Chandra-Bhaga Basin. The decadal comparison showed an increase (11% and 9%) and early onset (10 days and 20 days) of maximum monthly discharge over 2011–2018 compared to 2003–2010 in both catchment and basin scales. The model output is almost equally sensitive to the “degree day factor” and “runoff coefficient for snow” in the Chhota Shigri Catchment and most sensitive to the “runoff coefficient for snow” in the Chandra-Bhaga Basin. Though the SRM parameters were constrained/calibrated in a data-plenty reference catchment of Chhota Shigri Glacier, their application resulted in large discharge overestimation at the basin scale and were not transferable in the same basin i.e., Chandra-Bhaga Basin. Extreme care must be taken while using SRM parameters from other basins.

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Section: Sensitivity and Uncertainty Estimationmentioning

confidence: 98%

On the transferability of snowmelt runoff model parameters: Discharge modeling in the Chandra-Bhaga Basin, western Himalaya

Vinze

Azam²

2023

Front. Water

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“…In recent years, the development of remote sensing [9][10][11], and the optimization of computational equations [12][13][14], have made it possible for the hydrological models SWAT and SRM, etc [9,[15][16][17] to provide supports for disaster assessment, forecasting and early warning as well as flood rescue of snowmelt floods [7,18,19]. However, the lack of monitoring data in the alpine areas where snowmelt floods originate limits the forecasting accuracy of the models heavily [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical characteristics of temperature and relative humidity during the spring continuous warming processes in Altay, Xinjiang of China

Li,

Mao,

Chen

et al. 2023

Environ. Res. Commun.

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To understand the triggering conditions of snowmelt floods in northern Xinjiang, China, the diurnal evolution and altitude dependence characteristics of spring temperature and relative humidity (RH) are investigated, particularly placing emphasis on continuous warming process, mainly based on the data collected from the densely sounding experiment at Altay Station in spring 2021. The results show that the mean maximum and minimum temperature respectively occur at nightfall and sunrise, the mean RH below 2,000 m is the highest at sunrise and the lowest at nightfall, and the mean RH above 5,000 m is the highest at sunrise and the lowest at midday. The mean RH value climbs up first but goes down later, and the largest mean RH is within the height range of 2,500–5,000 m. The radiation inversion with the depth of 660 m tends to occur frequently at midnight and around sunrise, and it does not exist when the continuous warming process sets out but gradually develops with the advancing process. During the continuous warming processes, there exists an unsynchronized warming from the ground to the upper air. The upper-air warming lags behind that on the ground for 2–5 d, and then it continues the trend. Below 2,000 m, accompany with the advance of the warming processes, the RH keeps at relatively low level and changes small along height after the first 2–3 days, when the max RH drop swiftly from 80%–98% to less than 25% and tend to be consistent at the four observation times. The trough and ridge systems responsible for the continuous warming processes in early and middle spring are mainly the deep long-wave system, but in the middle and late spring, the adjustment speed of the trough and ridge systems are accelerated and more short-wave activities fuel the continuous warming.

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Response of two selected river basins from Eastern and Western Himalayan regions to climate change in terms of streamflow and snow parameters

Kiba¹,

Chiphang²,

Mishra³

et al. 2023

Environ Earth Sci

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Comparison of Snowmelt Runoff from the River Basins in the Eastern and Western Himalayan Region of India using SDSRM

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

On the transferability of snowmelt runoff model parameters: Discharge modeling in the Chandra-Bhaga Basin, western Himalaya

On the transferability of snowmelt runoff model parameters: Discharge modeling in the Chandra-Bhaga Basin, western Himalaya

Vertical characteristics of temperature and relative humidity during the spring continuous warming processes in Altay, Xinjiang of China

Response of two selected river basins from Eastern and Western Himalayan regions to climate change in terms of streamflow and snow parameters

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