Comparison of susceptibility test methods to detect penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae

Clark, Richard B.; Giger, Olarae; Mortensen, Joel E.

doi:10.1016/0732-8893(93)90099-s

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It should be realized that the E-strip system often reads 1 tube dilution below standard diffusion techniques and would thus have a tendency to underrepresent resistant strains (4,7,8). The problem with interpretation of MICs between those determined by standard twofold dilutions may lead to a need to define new susceptibility standards for E strips.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…and later thawed in Mueller-Hinton broth, grown to a 0.5 McFarland standard, and streaked onto a Mueller-Hinton plate supplemented with 5% sheep blood, onto which E strips (AB Biodisk, Piscastaway, N.J.) were placed. This methodology has been shown to be similar to Mueller-Hinton dilution MICs (4,8). E-strip MICs were read 18 to 24 h later according to the manufacturer's recommendation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Pneumococcal resistance in southwest Virginia

Evans

Kamara

Minnick

et al. 1995

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Resistance patterns of Streptococcus pneumoniae in southwest Virginia were determined for 100 consecutive, hospital-based isolates, mostly from adults. Oxacillin disk screening identified all resistant isolates. Sixteen percent of the isolates were penicillin resistant (10% were highly resistant). E-strip testing revealed the following MICs (in micrograms per milliliter, with percentages of isolates in parentheses): cefotaxime, Յ0.5 (92%); ceftriaxone, Յ0.5 (95%); ceftizoxime, Յ0.5 (85%); erythromycin, Յ1 (87%); ofloxacin, Յ2 (80%); vancomycin, Յ1 (98%).The relatively rapid rise in the isolation of pneumococci designated relatively resistant or highly resistant to penicillin throughout the United States and the rest of the world is well documented in the recent medical literature (1-3, 5-7, 9, 10). However, the number of reports of isolates from adults in community hospitals and clinic settings is relatively small. In addition, the resistance of these strains of pneumococcus to other antibiotics has varied between studies, leading to the recent recommendations that each community establish its own surveillance system to determine the local epidemiology of this emerging problem.(Results were presented at the

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Pneumococcal resistance in southwest Virginia

Evans

Kamara

Minnick

et al. 1995

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…With respect to the efficacy of current labo ratory methods for the detection of reduced susceptibility or resistance of pneumococci to penicillin G, Clark et al [53] compared six methods; the E test proved simple and reli able. These authors recommended use of the E test to confirm the results obtained with the oxacillin disk screening test.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>

Traub

Leonhard²

1996

Chemotherapy

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Ninety-three representative, recent clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were examined for susceptibility to 9 antimicrobial drugs utilizing Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) enriched with sheep blood and a hypercapnic atmosphere of incubation. One isolate was resistant to penicillin G (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC = 2 μg/ml) and 6 isolates were of intermediate susceptibility to penicillin G (MICs = 0.125–0.25 μg/ml). The penicillin-G-resistant isolate was also resistant to cefuroxime (MIC = 4 μg/ml) and of intermediate susceptibility to cefotaxime (MIC = 1 μg/ml). This isolate was resistant to chloramphenicol (MIC = 16 μg/ml) as well. All 93 isolates were susceptible to teicoplanin and vancomycin. Two isolates each were resistant (MICs = 16 μg/ml) or moderately susceptible (MICs = 8 μg/ml) to chloramphenicol. Eight isolates were resistant to doxycycline (MICs ≥ 8 μg/ml), whereas 2 isolates were of intermediate susceptibility to this antibiotic (MICs = 4 μg/ml). Three isolates were resistant to erythromycin (MICs ≥ 4μg/ml), and 2 isolates showed reduced susceptibility to erythromycin (MICs = 2 μg/ml). Chocolatized MHA antagonized the activity of teicoplanin and vancomycin against pneumococcal isolates. Haemophilus test and Wilkins-Chalgren media failed to support optimal growth of all pneumococcal isolates.

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“…In fact, we could find no published information on two of the systems evaluated in this study, Pasco and Sensititre. The FOX microdilution system (Micro Media Systems, Cleveland, Ohio) has been evaluated in several studies and appears to produce results that are commonly 1 to 2 log 2 dilutions lower than those of the reference methods (2,3,7). The broth used in the FOX system is similar in composition to Haemophilus test medium, a growth medium known to produce lower penicillin MICs than those of LHBsupplemented MH broth (5).…”

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“…The reference confirmatory susceptibility tests require additional time and resources and are not widely used by clinical laboratories. Some commonly used commercially available antimicrobial susceptibility testing systems may yield false-susceptible results with pneumococci (2,3,6,7,11).…”

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Detection of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae with commercially available broth microdilution panels

et al. 1995

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We compared penicillin MICs obtained with three different commercially available broth microdilution panels (MicroScan, Sensititre, and Pasco) with MICs obtained with reference microdilution panels for 20 well-characterized pneumococci with decreased susceptibilities to penicillin (7 resistant and 13 intermediate).All panels were supplemented with 2 to 5% lysed horse blood (LHB) prepared in-house. Additional supplements included fastidious inoculum broth (FIB) for MicroScan panels and commercially prepared LHB (Difco) for Pasco panels. The percentages of penicillin-resistant strains (MIC > 2 g/ml) detected by the different methods follow: MicroScan-FIB, 0; MicroScan-LHB 0; Pasco in-house LHB, 71; and Sensititre-LHB, 100. The percentages of intermediate strains (MIC ‫؍‬ 0.1 to 1.0 g/ml) detected by the different methods follow: MicroScan-FIB, 31; MicroScan-LHB 23; Pasco in-house LHB, 46; and Sensititre-LHB, 85. Difco LHB supplement failed to support the growth of 86% of the strains in the Pasco panels. Of the commercially available panels evaluated, only Sensititre, supplemented with LHB prepared in-house could reliably detect penicillinresistant pneumococci.

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Comparison of susceptibility test methods to detect penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Pneumococcal resistance in southwest Virginia

Pneumococcal resistance in southwest Virginia

Antibiotic Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>

Detection of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae with commercially available broth microdilution panels

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