Comparison of the antioxidant activities of nonfumigated and sulphur-fumigated Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Hang-ju induced by oxidative stress

Abstract

Context:The traditional drying method, sun drying, for Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. cv. Hang-ju (Compositae) (HJ) is widely replaced by sulphur fumigation (SF), which has an unknown effect on its efficacy. Objective: To investigate protective effects of nonfumigated HJ (NHJ) and sulphur-fumigated HJ (SHJ) water extracts against oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were administered high-fat diet to induce hyperlipidaemia and randomly divided into eight groups (n ¼ 6): control, fenofibrate, NHJ and SHJ extracts (1, 2 or 4 g crude drugs/kg/d; intragastric administration for 8 weeks). Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were detected. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with NHJ and SHJ extracts (50, 100 or 200 lg/mL) for 24 h, followed by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL, 20 lg/mL) for 2 h in vitro. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), SOD and MDA levels and apoptosis were evaluated. Results: NHJ was more effective than SHJ in decreasing serum TG, TC, LDL-C, LDL/HDL and MDA while increasing serum HDL-C and SOD levels at high doses. SHJ (IC 50 ¼19.9 mg/mL) suppressed HUVEC growth stronger than NHJ (IC 50 ¼186.7 mg/mL). At 200 lg/mL, NHJ was more effective than SHJ in downregulating ROS and MDA levels, reducing HUVECs apoptosis rate and elevating SOD activity in ox-LDLtreated HUVECs. Conclusions: SF causes oxidative damage and attenuates antioxidative activity in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs, which promotes lipid peroxidation. SF is not recommended for processing HJ.

Medicinal and edible plants in the treatment of dyslipidemia: advances and prospects

“…The underlying mechanism is to activate adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, suppress lipid synthesis gene expression and adipogenesis-related enzyme activity in white adipose tissue and liver, as well as increase gene expression involved in fatty acid oxidation [50]. Another study indicated that Hangju extract (1, 2 or 4 g crude drugs/kg/d) administration for 8 weeks can reduce the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and LDL/HDL in serum of hyperlipidemia rats, increase serum HDL-C level, and alleviate oxidative damage induced by oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) in vitro [51]. Chrysanthemum has pleasing appearance and phytopharmacological activities attributed to its various flavonoids, such as luteolin, apigenin, acacetin, diosmetin and their glycoside derivatives [47,52].…”

Hydrogen Protection Boosts the Bioactivity of Chrysanthemum morifolium Extract in Preventing Palmitate-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction by Restoring MFN2 and Alleviating Oxidative Stress in HAEC Cells

“…The excessive superoxide reacts with NO to form peroxynitrite, consequently decreasing NO bioavailability and leading to endothelial dysfunction [36]. Previous studies have shown that CME attenuates oxidative damage in ECs [37,38], reduces oxidative stressinduced ECs adhesion [39], and has endothelium-dependent vasodilatory effects [40,41]. However, the mechanisms by which CME prevents endothelial dysfunction remain unclear.…”