Comparison of the chemical composition of aerosols from heated tobacco products, electronic cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes and their toxic impacts on the human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells

Dusautoir, Romain; Zarcone, Gianni; Verriele, M.; Garçon, Guillaume; Fronval, Isabelle; Beauval, Nicolas; Allorge, Delphine; Riffault, Véronique; Locoge, N.; Lo-Guidice, Jean-Marc; Anthérieu, Sébastien

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123417

Cited by 96 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The binge e-cig vaping paradigm utilized in this study has been shown to produce serum nicotine levels (median peak serum nicotine concentration equal to 27.7 ng/mL), comparable to moderate/high level human smokers and resembles human e-cig vaping topography [ [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] ]. Additionally, the chemical constituents of the aerosols produced by the vaping chamber system were found to resemble the chemical profile of aerosols derived from human e-cig vaping devices [ 20 , 24 , 25 ]. Dams were exposed to the vaping treatment for 3 h per day, 5 days per week from gestation day (GD) 5–20 [ 5 , 20 , 26 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of gestational electronic cigarette vaping on amino acid signature profile in the pregnant mother and the fetus

Orzabal¹,

Naik²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

Metabolism Open

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Background Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are a form of tobacco product that has become increasingly popular over the past decade. Despite the known health consequences of tobacco product exposure during pregnancy, a substantial number of daily smokers will continue to smoke during pregnancy. Our current knowledge on the effects of e-cig aerosol exposure during pregnancy is limited to a small number of animal studies, which have identified several e-cig aerosol-induced disruptions to the physiology of normal development. Methods To further assess the impact of prenatal e-cig aerosol exposure on maternal and fetal health, we examined the amino acid signature profiles in maternal and fetal plasma, as well as in the fetal lungs, a sensitive target organ for prenatal tobacco product exposure. Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of three groups and were exposed to either e-cig aerosols containing nicotine, e-cig aerosols without nicotine, or room air. Dams were exposed utilizing a state-of-the-art custom engineered e-cig vaping system that is compatible with commercially available e-cig atomizers and enables a translational inhalation delivery method comparable to human vaping. Results We determined that gestational exposure to e-cig aerosols results in significant alterations to the amino acid profile in the maternal and fetal compartments, including the fetal lungs. The data shows a targeted disruption to the nitric oxide pathway, branched-chain amino acid metabolism, fetal protein synthesis, and urea cycle. Conclusion The data presented herein provides additional support that gestational e-cig aerosol exposure can impact crucial biological processes and exemplifies the need for extensive research on exposure to e-cig aerosols.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of gestational electronic cigarette vaping on amino acid signature profile in the pregnant mother and the fetus

Orzabal¹,

Naik²,

Lee³

et al. 2021

Metabolism Open

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“…Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) products are designed to operate below combustion temperatures, which may reduce the toxicant production when compared with CCs [9]. ENDS represent a fundamentally different approach to delivering nicotine versus CC [15] and may reduce the harm potential of nicotine-containing aerosols [16,17]. The e-liquid of ENDS products is compositionally different than a tobacco cigarette.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant material and paper are not present nor combusted in an ENDS product. Therefore, many HPHCs present in mainstream smoke are either not present in ENDS product aerosols, or present at significantly lower levels than CC smoke, i.e., ammonia, aromatic amines, carbon monoxide, tobacco-specific nitrosamines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and volatile organic compounds [15,16,[18][19][20][21]. However, questions regarding the complexity of ENDS aerosols and the possible existence of unique constituents which pose potential harm apart from the known HPHCs of CCs remain [22,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Targeted Chemical Characterization of JUUL Virginia Tobacco Flavored Aerosols Using Liquid and Gas Chromatography

Crosswhite¹,

Bailey²,

Jeong³

et al. 2021

Separations

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The chemical constituents of JUUL Virginia Tobacco pods with 3.0% and 5.0% nicotine by weight (VT3 and VT5) were characterized by non-targeted analyses, an approach to detect chemicals that are not otherwise measured with dedicated methods or that are not known beforehand. Aerosols were generated using intense and non-intense puffing regimens and analyzed by gas chromatography electron ionization mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography electrospray ionization high resolving power mass spectrometry. All compounds above 0.7 µg/g for GC–MS analysis or above 0.5 µg/g for LC–HRMS analysis and differing from blank measurements were identified and semi-quantified. All identifications were evaluated and categorized into five groups: flavorants, harmful and potentially harmful constituents, extractables and/or leachables, reaction products, and compounds that could not be identified/rationalized. For VT3, 79 compounds were identified using an intense puffing regimen and 69 using a non-intense puffing regimen. There were 60 compounds common between both regimens. For VT5, 85 compounds were identified with an intense puffing regimen and 73 with a non-intense puffing regimen; 67 compounds were in common. For all nicotine concentrations, formulations and puffing regimens, reaction products accounted for the greatest number of compounds (ranging from 70% to 75%; 0.08% to 0.1% by mass), and flavorants comprised the second largest number of compounds (ranging from for 15% to 16%; 0.1 to 0.2% by mass). A global comparison of the compounds detected in JUUL aerosol to those catalogued in cigarette smoke indicated an approximate 50-fold decrease in chemical complexity. Both VT3 and VT5 aerosols contained 59 unique compounds not identified in cigarette smoke.

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“…HTP aerosol shows reduced cytotoxicity compared to cigarette smoke, but higher than that of e-cigarette fumes. Both HTP and e-cigarettes can trigger oxidative stress and an inflammatory response [ 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HTP can be much more harmful than e-cigarettes, including the emission of carbonyls (acrolein, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde) and PAHs [ 69 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Heated Tobacco Products and Adverse Health Effects, a Systematic Review

Znyk

Jurewicz

Kaleta

2021

IJERPH

111

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Heated tobacco products (HTP) are a form of nicotine delivery intended to be an alternative to traditional cigarettes. HTP tobacco products are sold to consumers as a less harmful alternative to traditional cigarettes, both for users and bystanders. The actual impact of HTP on the health of users and its overall impact on public health is still not fully known. A systematic search of the literature was carried out to identify relevant studies published in English from 2015 to February 2021. The following databases were used: PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier and ClinicalKey. 25 studies (independent and sponsored by the tobacco industry) were considered. The analysis of exposure biomarkers and cardiovascular and respiratory biomarkers showed differences between smokers and people using heated tobacco products. Improvements in clinically relevant risk markers, especially cholesterol, sICAM-1, 8-epi-PGF2α, 11-DTX-B2, HDL and FEV1, were observed compared to persistent cigarette smokers. On the other hand, exposure to IQOS has been reported to alter mitochondrial function, which may further exaggerate airway inflammation, airway remodeling and lung cancer. These products have the potential to increase oxidative stress and increase respiratory tract infections by increasing microbial adherence to the respiratory tract. Our review suggests that HTP products may be products with a reduced risk of chronic diseases, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and cancer compared to traditional smoking, although in the case of non-smokers so far, they may pose a risk of their occurrence. Research seems to be necessary to assess the frequency of HTP use and its potential negative health effects.

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Comparison of the chemical composition of aerosols from heated tobacco products, electronic cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes and their toxic impacts on the human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells

Cited by 96 publications

References 68 publications

Impact of gestational electronic cigarette vaping on amino acid signature profile in the pregnant mother and the fetus

Impact of gestational electronic cigarette vaping on amino acid signature profile in the pregnant mother and the fetus

Non-Targeted Chemical Characterization of JUUL Virginia Tobacco Flavored Aerosols Using Liquid and Gas Chromatography

Exposure to Heated Tobacco Products and Adverse Health Effects, a Systematic Review

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