Comparison of the effect of sodium bicarbonate and glycine air polishing systems on tooth surface roughness: An atomic force microscopic analysis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: A variety of prophylactic materials are used in the dental office for the removal of stains and calculus. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate tooth surface changes caused by the application of air abrasive powders (sodium bicarbonate, SBAP and glycine air powder, GPAP) along with scaling and root planing (SRP), under atomic force microscope (AFM) and to analyze the histological soft tissue changes caused by these agents, using light microscopy. METHODS: This study was conducted in two phases: in vitro and in vivo. In the in vitro phase, hard tissue analysis was done under AFM following air powder polishing. Eighteen extracted teeth were chosen. SRP and tooth sectioning were carried out. Subsequently, each section of the tooth was mounted on a glass plate with self-cure acrylic resin and air polished using SBAP and GPAP. In the vivo phase, the soft tissue was analyzed under a light microscope for surface roughness. A biopsy specimen was taken from patients who had received phase I therapy, and flap surgery was planned using a modified Widman flap technique. RESULTS: This study compared surface changes in enamel and cementum, under AFM, as indicated by RA after SRP, SRP and SBAP, and SRP and GPAP; comparisons were then drawn across the three groups. The mean AFM values were 108.5 and 144.7, 102.7 and 81.7, and 95.6 and 7.4, at the crown and root, for SRP, SRP and SBAP, and SRP and GPAP interventions, respectively. GPAP was the least rough on soft tissues. CONCLUSION: SBAP and GPAP were better than hand instrumentation as indicated by AFM and histological section analysis.

Revealing Topography Evolution of Glass Surface under Air Pollution by Atomic Force Microscope

“…The NaHCO 3 in agent #2, as a strong soluble base and weak acid salt, is hydrolyzed to alkaline (HCO 3 − + H 2 O = H 2 CO 3 + OH − ). Acid-base neutralization reaction and alkaline environment of NaHCO 3 solution make the attached little grease undergo saponification reaction and hydrolysis [21], achieving better decontamination effect and reduce surface roughness.…”

Assessment of dimensional stability of novel VPES impression material at different time intervals with standard disinfectants

“…The impression procedure is one of the most important steps in dentistry and its accuracy determines the success of the prosthesis. Even though, with the development of digital technologies, the use of digital impressions is growing but still, conventional impression techniques hold a major part in dentistry work, as it is a more userfriendly method of recording tissue details both in dentulous and edentulous subjects [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] .…”

Evaluation of Propolis Hydrogel for the Treatment of Dentinal Sensitivity: A Clinical Study

“…Several extraction techniques are used to extract the physiologically active parts of propolis. To enrich the active components and therefore boost the pharmacological response, extraction techniques such as traditional maceration and ultrasonic and microwave-aided extraction are applied [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. With the advancement of biotechnology, propolis can be extracted easily and can be placed in gel bases for varied uses.…”

“…Dentin hypersensitivity (DH), or dentin sensitivity (DS), is the immediate and painful response of a tooth and is caused by the exposure of the dentinal tubule to the external oral environment [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Nevertheless, the Canadian Advisory Board on dentin hypersensitivity considers DH a distinct clinical entity rather than a real pathology.…”