Comparison of the effects of escitalopram and atorvastatin on diet-induced atherosclerosis in rats

Unis, Amina; Abdel-Bary, Amany; Hamza, Mahmoud A.

doi:10.1139/cjpp-2013-0168

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…These results were consistent with previous findings [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and further supported the concept of the pleiotropic vascular protection effects of atorvastatin in hypercholesterolemia. Atorvastatin treatment caused a decrease in MDA, whereas the high-cholesterol diet increased MDA of blood and heart tissue in cholesterol-rich diet-induced rabbits.…”

Section: R E S U L T Ssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The possible antihypercholesterolemia mechanism of atorvastatin may regulate the disorder of lipid metabolism as well as enhance cardiac function. These results were consistent with previous findings [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] and further supported the concept of the pleiotropic vascular protection effects of atorvastatin in hypercholesterolemia. In the presence of atherogenesis or risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, NO levels are decreased [21].…”

Section: R E S U L T Ssupporting

confidence: 93%

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Ameliorative effect of statin therapy on oxidative damage in heart tissue of hypercholesterolemic rabbits

Sözer

2015

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a high-cholesterol diet in the presence and absence of statin on Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PCO), and nitric oxide (NO) of blood and heart tissue, the antioxidant activity of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), and on the blood lipid profile of rabbits. The animals were divided into four groups each of which included 10 rabbits. Rabbits in group 1 received a regular rabbit chow diet (normal diet) for 8 weeks; those in group 2 received atorvastatin (0.3 mg atorvastatin per day/kg body weight) for 8 weeks; those in group 3 received high-cholesterol diet for 8 weeks; and those in group 4 received high-cholesterol diet for 4 weeks, a high-cholesterol diet + atorvastatin (0.3 mg atorvastatin per day/kg body weight) for 8 weeks. The parameters were measured by spectrophotometric methods. As expected, the atherogenic diet caused a pronounced increase in lipid profile (not HDL) parameters. Rabbits in group 3 showed higher PCO, MDA, and NO levels in circulating and heart tissue compared to the rabbits in group 1. Atorvastatin has prevented or limited LDL oxidation and has showed constitutively beneficial effects in group 4. Increased LDL-C, PCO, MDA, and NO levels leading to decreasing PON-1 activity thus create a predisposition to atherogenesis in this model. But atorvastatin administration partly ameliorated oxidative damage in heart injury of hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Atorvastatin which functions as a potent antioxidant agent may inhibit this LDL-C oxidation by increasing PON-1 activity in atherogenesis.

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Section: R E S U L T Ssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: R E S U L T Ssupporting

confidence: 93%

Ameliorative effect of statin therapy on oxidative damage in heart tissue of hypercholesterolemic rabbits

Sözer

2015

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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“…Studies in rodents have shown that SSRIs reduce atherosclerotic changes in the endothelium as measured by decreased expression in cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-1) 45 . In humans, a randomized clinical trial demonstrated that patients with congestive heart failure taking sertraline, an SSRI, had a reduction in the expression of cell endothelial adhesion molecules (VCAM and ICAM) after a 3 month exposure compared to patients receiving placebo indicating a possible anti-inflammatory effect 46 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressant Use and Subclinical Measures of Atherosclerosis

Camacho¹,

McClelland²,

Delaney³

et al. 2016

J Clin Psychopharmacol

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Background Antidepressants are commonly prescribed medications used in primary care. The cardiovascular safety profile of anti-depressant medications, in terms of subclinical atherosclerosis, is under-examined. Methods 6,814 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) were examined. At baseline, the mean age was 62 years with four race/ethnic groups represented: European-(38%), Hispanic-(23%), African-(28%) and Chinese-Americans (11%). Antidepressants were sub-grouped as serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and “other” (bupropion, nefazodone, trazodone, mirtazapine). After adjusting for potential confounders, we estimated the association between antidepressant use and the following measures of subclinical atherosclerosis: coronary artery calcium (CAC), the ankle-brachial index (ABI), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), both cross-sectionally and prospectively. Results A total of 324 participants were exposed to SSRIs, 88 to TCAs, 41 to SNRIs and 123 to “other” antidepressants. For CAC incidence, the fully-adjusted longitudinal analyses revealed no consistent associations with SSRIs[RR: 0.99(0.71, 1.37)], SNRIs[RR=0.49(0.13, 1.86)], TCAs[RR=0.94(0.50, 1.77)], other antidepressant [RR=0.87(0.73, 1.03)] exposure and subclinical disease. Similar null results were obtained in the cross-sectional and longitudinal exposure to antidepressants with changes in baseline CAC>0, ABI and cIMT. Conclusions The results of the current study do not support an association between antidepressants and subclinical atherosclerosis.

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“…It is peripheral arterial disease (PAD), most prevalent, morbid, and mortal disease [ 9 ]. It is one of the most common disorders among the elderly, because of depression prevailed in the old age and rates of very high atherosclerosis [ 10 ]. Atherosclerosis is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and the buildup of lipids, cholesterol, calcium, and cellular debris within the intima of the walls of large and medium size arteries [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Risk Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases and Disorders

2015

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Present review article highlights various cardiovascular risk prediction biomarkers by incorporating both traditional risk factors to be used as diagnostic markers and recent technologically generated diagnostic and therapeutic markers. This paper explains traditional biomarkers such as lipid profile, glucose, and hormone level and physiological biomarkers based on measurement of levels of important biomolecules such as serum ferritin, triglyceride to HDLp (high density lipoproteins) ratio, lipophorin-cholesterol ratio, lipid-lipophorin ratio, LDL cholesterol level, HDLp and apolipoprotein levels, lipophorins and LTPs ratio, sphingolipids, Omega-3 Index, and ST2 level. In addition, immunohistochemical, oxidative stress, inflammatory, anatomical, imaging, genetic, and therapeutic biomarkers have been explained in detail with their investigational specifications. Many of these biomarkers, alone or in combination, can play important role in prediction of risks, its types, and status of morbidity. As emerging risks are found to be affiliated with minor and microlevel factors and its diagnosis at an earlier stage could find CVD, hence, there is an urgent need of new more authentic, appropriate, and reliable diagnostic and therapeutic markers to confirm disease well in time to start the clinical aid to the patients. Present review aims to discuss new emerging biomarkers that could facilitate more authentic and fast diagnosis of CVDs, HF (heart failures), and various lipid abnormalities and disorders in the future.

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Comparison of the effects of escitalopram and atorvastatin on diet-induced atherosclerosis in rats

Cited by 15 publications

References 49 publications

Ameliorative effect of statin therapy on oxidative damage in heart tissue of hypercholesterolemic rabbits

Ameliorative effect of statin therapy on oxidative damage in heart tissue of hypercholesterolemic rabbits

Antidepressant Use and Subclinical Measures of Atherosclerosis

Emerging Risk Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases and Disorders

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