Comparison of the mechanical response of B400c and B450c dual phase steel bar categories, in long terms

Apostolopoulos, Charis; Drakakaki, Argyro; Koulouris, Konstantinos

doi:10.3221/igf-esis.50.46

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Carbon steel B450C (Figure 1b) contains as alloying elements mainly carbon (2.36 wt.%) and manganese (0.81 wt.%), according to the general chemical analysis EDS (Table 3). Black dots (C) with high Mn and lower sulfur (S) contents were also observed; this could be considered as the MnS phase, which has been reported for this type of steel [45,46]. However, due to the high carbon content (2.36 wt.…”

Section: Steel Surface Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 61%

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Corrosion Activity of Carbon Steel B450C and Low Chromium Ferritic Stainless Steel 430 in Cement Extract Solution

et al. 2021

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This study compares corrosion activities of carbon steel B450C and SS 430 (Mn in low content) exposed for 30 days in cement extract solution. Iron oxide and hydroxide were formed as corrosion products, in addition to CaCO3, in the presence of Cr2O3 on SS 430. Because of the decrease in pH, B450C lost the passive state when OCP shifted to negative values, while SS 430 showed positive OCP values, maintaining its passive state. The SEM images confirmed that the corrosion attack on the surface was less aggressive for SS 430. The Nyquist plots of EIS initially showed capacitive behavior and later changed to semi-linear diffusion impedance, which SS 430 maintained firmly. The phase angle Bode diagrams confirmed these changes. Two equivalent circuits were applied. The calculated values of Rp for SS 430 increased over time (protective passive layer mainly of Cr2O3 oxide), while for carbon steel, Rp reached maximum value after 168 h and then decreased, maintaining minimum values approximately five orders lower than those of the stainless steel.

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Section: Steel Surface Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Since Si has strong affinity for oxygen, after the polishing process, the outer surface layer was enriched in this element. [45,46]. However, due to the high carbon content (2.36 wt.…”

Section: Steel Surface Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Activity of Carbon Steel B450C and Low Chromium Ferritic Stainless Steel 430 in Cement Extract Solution

et al. 2021

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“…Carbon steel B450C control samples present black dots in two zones, named C and D (Figure 1b). The C zones, according to their EDS analysis (Table 2), contain Carbon (5.02%), Mn (1.31%) and a lower content of S (0.38), which may be considered as a part of the phases of MnS and Mn3C reported for this type of steel [39,40]. The existence of Cu may be attributed to the quality of the scrap used to produce this carbon steel [40].…”

Section: Elementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EDS analysis (wt.%) of the B450C carbon steel surface after exposure to the cement extract solution (+5 g L −1 NaCl) for 168 h (Figure 2). After the initial period of 7 days (Figure 2a), the surface is not completely covered by a corrosion layer and the EDS analysis reveals the crystals of CaCO 3 (labeled as A), as well the particle of high Mn and C content (labeled as B), suggested as Mn3C phase [39,40].…”

Section: Change In Time Of Ph Of Chloride-containing Cement Extract Solution During Exposure Of Steelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Activity of Carbon Steel B450C and Low Chromium Ferritic Stainless Steel 430 in Chloride-Containing Cement Extract Solution

Véleva

Bonfil

Bacelis

et al. 2022

Metals

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The carbon steel B450C and low chromium SS 430 ferritic samples were exposed for 30 days to chloride-containing (5 g L−1 NaCL) cement extract solution. The initial pH ≈ 13.88 decreased to pH ≈ 9.6, associated mainly with the consumption of OH− ions and the formation of γ-FeOOH, α-FeOOH, Fe3O4 and Cr(OH)3, as suggested by XRD and XPS analysis, in the presence of CaCO3 and NaCl crystals. The deep corrosion damages on B450C were observed around particles of Cu and S as local cathodes, while the first pitting events on the SS 430 surface appeared after 30 days of exposure. The change in the activity of each type of steel was provided by the potentiodynamic polarization curves (PDP). Two equivalent electrical circuits (EC) were proposed for quantitative analysis of EIS (Nyquist and Bode diagrams). The calculated polarization resistance (Rp), as an indicator of the stability of passive films, indicated that SS 430 presented relatively constant values, being two-three orders of magnitude higher than those of the carbon steel B450C. The calculated thickness (d) of the SS 430 passive layers was ≈0.5 nm and, in contrast, that of the B450C passive layers tends to disappear after 30 days.

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“…For the case of tensile specimens up to 100 h corroded conditions and of fatigue specimens up to 300 h corroded conditions, both types of steel reinforcement demonstrated similar percentage mass loss. As a matter of fact, it has been experimentally proven [57] that immediately upon the onset of corrosion, the percentage mass loss of rebars is assumed to increase in a similar way for a certain period. This critical period constitutes the necessary time that corrosion needs from its onset to its full extent so as to enable each metallic material to develop its corrosion resistance or vulnerability.…”

Section: Mass Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Behavior Evaluation of Tempcore and Hybrid Reinforcing Steel Bars via a Proposed Fatigue Damage Index in Long Terms

Basdeki

Apostolopoulos

2021

Metals

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As it is widely known, corrosion constitutes a major deterioration factor for reinforced concrete structures which are located in coastal areas. This phenomenon, combined with repeated loads and, especially, intense seismic events, negatively affect their useful service life. It is well known that the microstructure of steel reinforcing bars has a significant impact either on their corrosion resistance or on their fatigue life. In the present manuscript, an effort has been made to study the effect of corrosive factors on fatigue response for two types of steel reinforcement: Tempcore steel B reinforcing bars and a new-generation, dual-phase (DP) steel F reinforcement. The findings of this experimental study showed that DP steel reinforcement’s rate of degradation due to corrosion seemed apparently lighter than Tempcore B with respect to its capacity to bear repeated loads to a satisfactory degree after corrosion. For this purpose, based on a quality material index that characterizes the mechanical performance of materials, an extended damage material indicator for fatigue conditions is similarly proposed for evaluating and classifying these two types of rebars in terms of material quality and durability. The outcomes of this investigation demonstrated the feasibility of fatigue damage indicators in the production cycle as well as at different exposure times, once corrosion phenomena had left their mark in steel reinforcement.

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Comparison of the mechanical response of B400c and B450c dual phase steel bar categories, in long terms

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Corrosion Activity of Carbon Steel B450C and Low Chromium Ferritic Stainless Steel 430 in Cement Extract Solution

Corrosion Activity of Carbon Steel B450C and Low Chromium Ferritic Stainless Steel 430 in Cement Extract Solution

Corrosion Activity of Carbon Steel B450C and Low Chromium Ferritic Stainless Steel 430 in Chloride-Containing Cement Extract Solution

Mechanical Behavior Evaluation of Tempcore and Hybrid Reinforcing Steel Bars via a Proposed Fatigue Damage Index in Long Terms

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