Comparison of the oxidative profiles before and after revascularization in peripheral arterial disease: a pilot study

Abstract

Reactive and highly reactive oxygen species (ROS and hROS) produced by white blood cells are essential for innate immunity; however, they may cause oxidative stress in the host. We developed systems for simultaneously monitoring ROS and hROS, i.e., superoxide radicals (O 2•− ) and hypochlorite ions (OCl − ) secreted from stimulated white blood cells in a few microliters of whole blood. We previously reported on the evaluation of healthy volunteers' blood using the developed system; however, whether patients' blood can be assessed remains unclear. Here, we report a pilot study of 30 cases (28 patients) with peripheral arterial disease, in whom we measured the ROS and hROS levels before and approximately one month after endovascular treatment (EVT) using the system (CFL-H2200) that we developed. At approximately the same time points, physiological indices of blood vessels, oxidative stress markers, and standard clinical parameters in the blood were also monitored. The ankle-brachial index, a diagnostic tool for peripheral arterial disease, was significantly improved after EVT (p<0.001). The ROS-hROS ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and hematocrit levels were decreased after EVT (p<0.05), while triglyceride and lymphocyte levels were increased after EVT (p<0.05). The correlations between the study parameters were also analyzed.

Effect of fat ingestion on postprandial oxidative status in healthy young women: a pilot study

“…( 10 ) In addition, the FL-OCl − /CL-O 2 •− levels have been used as a substitute for FL-OCl − levels per unit number of leukocytes. ( 11 ) Notably, in the present study, the FL-OCl − /CL-O 2 •− levels significantly increased 0.5 h after fat intake, implying a rapid postprandial increase in MPO activity ( Fig. 2 and Table 2 ).…”

“…The production of O 2 •− and OCl − by leukocytes, stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, was simultaneously measured using the fluidic-chip-type system (CFL-H1200 or -H2200) and calculated as described previously, ( 10 , 11 ) except for the monitoring time in this study being 1,500 s.…”

“…The serum levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), hexanoyl-lysine (HEL), propanoyl-lysine (PRL), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and plasma MPO activity were measured as described previously. ( 11 , 25 )…”

“…( 10 ) In another study, the same type of system was used to measure CL-O 2 •− and FL-OCl − levels before and after endovascular treatment (EVT) in 30 cases of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). ( 11 ) The ratio of FL-OCl − to CL-O 2 •− levels, which is considered to reflect MPO activity per unit number of leukocytes, significantly decreased approximately 1 month after EVT in a total number of 30 cases, suggesting a reduction in the oxidative status in these patients. ( 11 ) Thus, we monitored CL-O 2 •− and FL-OCl − levels in human blood daily and monthly; however, we did not address more short-term hourly fluctuations.…”

“…( 11 ) The ratio of FL-OCl − to CL-O 2 •− levels, which is considered to reflect MPO activity per unit number of leukocytes, significantly decreased approximately 1 month after EVT in a total number of 30 cases, suggesting a reduction in the oxidative status in these patients. ( 11 ) Thus, we monitored CL-O 2 •− and FL-OCl − levels in human blood daily and monthly; however, we did not address more short-term hourly fluctuations. One characteristic of our system is the possibility to detect signs of oxidative stress at an earlier stage by monitoring leukocyte activity rather than the consequences of oxidative stress.…”