Comparison of the polyphenol profiles of apple fruit cultivars by correspondence analysis

Abstract

A B S T R A C TConcentrations of the major jlavonoids and phenolic acids in the peel und cortex of fiuit of eight commercial apple cultivars were determined by H P L C . The multivariate statistical technique of correspondence analysis was applied to the polyphenol profiles to describe distinctive groups of cultivars and of polyphenois, and their joint correspondences.Cultural and growing conditions had u limited eflect on the polyphenol profiles of the cortex and peel. Chlorogenic acid was the principal polyphenol in the cortex with the lowest levels being in Red Delicious and the highest in Jerseymac, which were compensated by changes in phlorizin. Cortland had low levels of' chlorogenic acid and Gravenstein had high levels, but these were oflset by the levels of catechins.The quercetin, rhamnoside, was the principal phenolic compound for the peel data with low levels in Red Delicious, Cortland, Spartan and Jerseymac and high levels in Golden Delicious, Gravenstein and Northern Spy. Levels of chlorogenic acid, offset by levels of phlorizin and catechins, distinguished between Red Delicious and Cortland. Rutin was important in distinguishing between Jerseymac and Spartan.

Novel Data on the Polyphenol Composition of Italian Ancient Apple Cultivars

“…[6] Flavonols and anthocyanins were reported as main phenolics in the apple peel, while procyanidins, catechins, hydroxycinnamic acids and dihydrochalcones accounted for the majority in the pulp. [7] Also, factors as genetic variation, growth period, growing season and geographic location could affect the apple phenolic concentration [8,9] .…”

Liquid chromatographic analysis of non-volatile strawberry compounds

“…Chemometric methods are increasingly employed for differentiation and characterisation of fruit species [12][13][14], alcoholic beverages [15][16][17], etc. For instance, cluster analysis is a common technique for searching for 'natural' groups, principal components analysis (PCA) is used to reduce the dimensional data structure, K-nearest neighbour (KNN) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) are employed as classification methods, and Bayes, soft independent modelling of class analogy (SIMCA) and partial least-squares (PLS) analyses are modelling techniques.…”

Characterization of Cider Apple Fruits According to Their Degree of Ripening. A Chemometric Approach

“…Chemometrics have been extensively used in this sense, for characterizing fruits (Fils-Lycaon et al, 1988;McRae et al, 1990) and alcoholic beverages (Cruz Ortiz et al, 1993;Mangas et al, 1996Mangas et al, , 1997.…”