Comparison of the relative toxicity relationships based on batch and continuous algal toxicity tests

Chen, Chung‐Yuan; Lin, Kuo-Ching; Yang, Der-Tai

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(97)00270-1

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The algal strains were cultivated for 2 wk on Bold Basal Medium (BBM) (Nichols 1973) with an inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentration of 25 g l −1 . For P-limited cultures, the Pi concentration was reduced to 0.5 mg l −1 (Chen et al 1997). Cultures were maintained in 100 ml Erlenmeyer flasks, at 23°C on shaking incubators at 40 rpm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each culture was stirred continuously with a mixer (Heidolph). All experiments were performed using a BBM medium with a Pi concentration of 0.5 mg l −1 , as suggested by Chen et al (1997). For the competition experiments, the two species were grown initially in different flasks to give a fixed cell number of 300,000 cells ml −1 for both strains.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatty Acids Released by Chlorella vulgaris and Their Role in Interference with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata: Experiments and Modelling

et al. 2010

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The role of extracellular fatty acids in the interference between two algae, Chlorella vulgaris Beijerink and Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Korshikov) Hindak, was assessed by the co-cultivation of the two selected strains, as well as by the chemical analysis of exudates from the culture media of single strain cultures. The effect of culture age and phosphate limitation was evaluated. The experiments showed that the composition and amount of fatty acids, released by C. vulgaris and by P. subcapitata, both in a batch and in a continuous monoculture, depend on the culture age and on the phosphate concentration in the culture medium. We also found that the amount of chlorellin generated in the two algae co-culture increased and was almost exclusively constituted by a mixture of C18 fatty acids. By using the evaluated concentrations of these fatty acids, an artificial chlorellin was prepared. The toxicity of this mixture to P. subcapitata appears to be similar to that of the natural chlorellin. For both algae, a stimulation of growth was observed at low concentrations of the natural chlorellin, whereas higher concentrations produced inhibitory effects on both species. However, P. subcapitata was much more sensitive than C. vulgaris. By using some of these new experimental results, two new mathematical models have been used to describe the toxicity of chlorellin to C. vulgaris and to the interference between C. vulgaris and P. subcapitata, respectively.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acids Released by Chlorella vulgaris and Their Role in Interference with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata: Experiments and Modelling

et al. 2010

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“…It was demonstrated that toxic metals may compete for the cellular binding sites in some concentrations, establishing antagonistic interactions. Binary mixtures of Pb and Zn showed antagonistic effect on algae (Chen et al 1997). …”

Section: Bioassaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of heavy metal contamination and water quality in an urban river from Argentina

Magdaleno

Cabo

Arreghini

et al. 2014

Braz. J. Aquat. Sci. Technol.

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In aquatic ecosystems, the potential effects of toxic compounds are greatly determined by their physicochemical forms and bioavailability. The aim of this work was the assessment of metal toxicity to the green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata in contaminated water samples of an urban river (Matanza-Riachuelo, Argentina). A total of 30 samples were analyzed. Physicochemical parameters and total and dissolved metal (Cd, Cu, Cr, Pb, Ni and Zn) concentrations were measured. Toxicity was related as a function of size fractionation and chemical speciation (using the program Mineql+) in the dissolved fraction (<1.2μm). Percentage inhibition of algal growth (%Iw) was estimated as the differences between cultures with and without EDTA additions in the filtered water samples. Concentrations of Cd (1-85μg.L -1 ), Cr (3-164μg.L -1 ), and Ni (10-99μg.L -1 ) in river waters were always lower than the respective EC50 for P. subcapitata, whereas concentrations of Cu (5-306μg.L -1 ), Pb (13-546μg.L -1 ), and Zn (4-380μg.L -1 ) in dissolved fractions resulted above the EC50 values in many samples. Only 10 samples showed algal growth inhibition (between 11.21% and 42.19%), which 8 of them also showed high concentrations of free ionic forms of Pd or Zn. Free ionic concentrations of Cu were always lower than the EC50 for the algae. Two samples resulted toxic to P. subcapitata in spite of the absence of toxic metal concentrations. Besides, 13 samples no inhibited the algal growth and high concentrations of Pd and Zn were obtained, producing expected %Iw values between 10.03% and 90.51%. The absence of toxicity in most samples with toxic metal concentrations could be related to the presence of organic ligands, colloidal organic matter, and antagonism effects among other metals, which reduce their bioavailability.

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“…Associated bacterial flora in non-axenic cultures can also interfere with toxicity results (Levy et al, 2009), with the same result. Some of those problems could be solved with the design of continuous-flow toxicity tests (Chen et al, 1997), although other problems could appear, such as the dilution of the cellular density. This can be avoided by cellular immobilization, but new adsorption surfaces for pollutants in the immobilization matrix are then provided and immobilization can protect cells from toxicity (Moreno-Garrido, 2008).…”

Section: Toxicity Bioassays On Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Any process able to alter microalgal populations will affect trophic nets in aquatic systems. Microphytobenthos (microscopic algae that inhabit the first millimeters of the submerged or intertidal sediments) Miller et al, 1996) play a key role in the coastal trophic aquatic nets (Ara ujo et al, 2010a) as well as in the geological coastal dynamics, as exopolysaccharides extruded by these organisms confer stability to fine sediments (de Brower et al, 2000). In freshwater, the importance of epipelic microflora (the term microphytobenthos is related more often to estuarine and marine environments) as a key compartment in nutrient recycling and pollutant dynamics is also recognized (Admiraal et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity Bioassays on Benthic Diatoms

Araújo

Moreno-Garrido

2015

Handbook of Marine Microalgae

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Comparison of the relative toxicity relationships based on batch and continuous algal toxicity tests

Cited by 27 publications

References 5 publications

Fatty Acids Released by Chlorella vulgaris and Their Role in Interference with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata: Experiments and Modelling

Fatty Acids Released by Chlorella vulgaris and Their Role in Interference with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata: Experiments and Modelling

Assessment of heavy metal contamination and water quality in an urban river from Argentina

Toxicity Bioassays on Benthic Diatoms

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