Comparison of the results of a small-plot and a large-plot rainfall simulator – Effects of land use and land cover on surface runoff in Alpine catchments

Mayerhofer, Christoph; Meißl, Gertraud; Klebinder, Klaus; Köhl, Bernhard; Markart, Gerhard

doi:10.1016/j.catena.2017.04.009

Cited by 55 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Four to eight 6.1 m by 2 m replicated rainfall simulation plots were established at each site (Mayerhofer et al, 2017). The plots were bound by sheet metal borders hammered into the ground on three sides.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall simulation experiments in the southwestern USA using the Walnut Gulch Rainfall Simulator

Polyakov

Stone

Collins

et al. 2018

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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Abstract. This dataset contains hydrological, erosion, vegetation, ground cover, and other supplementary information from 272 rainfall simulation experiments conducted on 23 semiarid rangeland locations in Arizona and Nevada between 2002 and 2013. On 30 % of the plots, simulations were conducted up to five times during the decade of study. The rainfall was generated using the Walnut Gulch Rainfall Simulator on 2 m by 6 m plots. Simulation sites included brush and grassland areas with various degrees of disturbance by grazing, wildfire, or brush removal. This dataset advances our understanding of basic hydrological and biological processes that drive soil erosion on arid rangelands. It can be used to estimate runoff, infiltration, and erosion rates at a variety of ecological sites in the Southwestern USA. The inclusion of wildfire and brush treatment locations combined with long-term observations makes it important for studying vegetation recovery, ecological transitions, and the effect of management. It is also a valuable resource for erosion model parameterization and validation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall simulation experiments in the southwestern USA using the Walnut Gulch Rainfall Simulator

Polyakov

Stone

Collins

et al. 2018

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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“…[14] studied the effect of vegetation and soil stability on surface runoff and soil erosion under 60 mm/hr rainfall intensity. In addition, [15] chose 100 mm/hr to investigate the impact of land use and cover on surface runoff.…”

Section: Rainfall Intensitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of vegetation canopy on canopy storage capacity with different rainfall intensity

Syahida

Azida

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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Canopy Interception is one of the vital component in hydrological cycle and underestimating the interception process can significantly affect the water balance. A study of rainfall interception was conducted using rainfall simulator called hydrology apparatus. Three different rainfall intensities were used in this study; 90 mm/hr, 140 mm/hr and 180 mm/hr. These intensities were produced by 8 nozzles. The test were first carried out on the barren land without the existence of canopy cover. To study the effect of canopy cover on canopy storage capacity, broadleaf plant (Scindapsus Aureus) was used to cover the barren land. The differences between the amount of water discharge between these two different land covers were observed to determine the quantity of water stored in the canopy. Results indicated that Scindapsus Aureus intercepted more water at lower intensity than at higher intensity. The lowest intensity was 90 mm/hr stored 1.6mm of rainwater while 140 mm/hr retained 0.8 mm. 180 mm/hr was the highest rainfall intensity used in this study intercepted 0.3mm of total precipitation. Therefore, this study proved that rainfall intensity is one of the main factors that influence the rainfall interception process.

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“…Unlike for agricultural land only very few studies exist that quantify the fluxes of P in forest environments, as elemental concentrations are low and measuring vertical and lateral SSF is challenging (Bol et al, 2016;Mayerhofer et al, 2017). In a small number of field studies water was sampled from surface waters i.e., forest streams (Cole and Rapp, 1981;Gottselig et al, 2017;Kunimatsu et al, 2001;Schindler and Nighswander, 1970;Tayor et al, 1971;Zhang et al, 2008) or from groundwater wells in riparian zones near the stream that are easier accessible than SSF (Carlyle and Hill, 2001;Fuchs et al, 2009;Vanek, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus Transport in Subsurface Flow at Beech Forest Stands: Does Phosphorus Mobilization Keep up with Transport?

Rinderer

Krüger

Lang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Phosphorus (P) is a limiting factor of primary productivity in most forest ecosystems but little is known about retention within and losses of P from forests. Subsurface flow (SSF) is one of the important pathways of P export but few attempts exist to quantify it. We present results of sprinkling experiments with ca. 150 mm, 2H labelled, total rainfall conducted at 200 m2 plots on hillslopes with slopes between 14° and 28° at three beech forests in Germany in summer and spring. We aimed at quantifying vertical and lateral SSF and associated P transport in the forest floor, the mineral soil and the saprolite. The study sites differed regarding soil depth, skeleton content and soil P stocks (between 678 g/m2 and 209 g/m2, in the first 1 m soil depth). Vertical SSF in the mineral soil and in the saprolite was at least two orders of magnitude larger than lateral SSF in the same depth. Vertical and lateral SSF consisted mainly of pre-event water that was replaced by sprinkling water (piston flow mechanism). Short spikes of event water at the beginning of the experiment at two of the sites with high skeleton content indicate that preferential flow occurred in parallel to matrix flow. We observed a significant decrease in P concentrations in SSF with increasing soil depth suggesting effective retention of P by adsorption to soil particles in all three forest ecosystems. Higher P concentrations in SSF at the beginning of the experiments indicate nutrient flushing but P concentrations were nearly constant thereafter despite strong increase in SSF. P concentrations did also not change significantly with increasing share of event water in SSF. These chemostatic transport conditions suggests that P mobilization rates were similar to transport rates in both, P-rich and P-poor sites. The observed first flush effect implies that P export by SSF will increase as rainfall events with high transport capacity are predicted to occur more frequent under future climatic conditions.

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Comparison of the results of a small-plot and a large-plot rainfall simulator – Effects of land use and land cover on surface runoff in Alpine catchments

Cited by 55 publications

References 38 publications

Rainfall simulation experiments in the southwestern USA using the Walnut Gulch Rainfall Simulator

Rainfall simulation experiments in the southwestern USA using the Walnut Gulch Rainfall Simulator

The effect of vegetation canopy on canopy storage capacity with different rainfall intensity

Phosphorus Transport in Subsurface Flow at Beech Forest Stands: Does Phosphorus Mobilization Keep up with Transport?

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