Comparison of two pre-anaesthetic medetomidine doses in isoflurane anaesthetized sheep

Kästner, Sabine; Kutter, Annette P N; Rechenberg, Brigitte von; Bettschart‐Wolfensberger, Regula

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.2005.00230.x

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(49 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The sedation score used in this study demonstrated that an isolated observation of a sedation-only score was not able to differentiate between sedation protocols used for castration [ 25 , 26 ]. Few reports exist on species-specific sedation scores used in pigs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum Drug Combinations for the Sedation of Growing Boars Prior to Castration

Lehmann

Blache

Drynan

et al. 2017

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Simple SummaryPigs are notoriously challenging patients. They are difficult to handle so the use of predictable and safe sedation techniques is required for husbandry and surgical procedures. Various combinations of sedative and analgesic drugs have been previously investigated in this species, though the combination of midazolam and detomidine with either butorphanol or morphine has not been reported for sedation in pigs. The use of these combinations was investigated in the context of adequate sedation to allow castration of boars with the aid of local anaesthetic infiltration. The combination of midazolam, detomidine with butorphanol provided a more reliable sedation combination than that including morphine. It is proposed that this combination of drugs would be useful for sedation during painful husbandry procedures in pigs.AbstractJuvenile male pigs were sedated for castration. Eight five-month old boars were sedated twice (two weeks apart) with a combination of detomidine (0.1 mg/kg), midazolam (0.2 mg/kg) and either butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg) (Group MDB, n = 8) or morphine (0.2 mg/kg) (Group MDM, n = 8) intramuscularly. The boars were positioned in lateral recumbency and lidocaine (200 mg total) was injected into the testicle and scrotal skin. Castration of a single testicle was performed on two occasions. Sedation and reaction (to positioning and surgery) scores, pulse rate, respiratory rate, haemoglobin oxygen saturation, body temperature, arterial blood gas parameters and the times to immobility and then recovery were recorded. Atipamezole was administered if spontaneous recovery was not evident within 60 min of sedative administration. Data were compared with either a paired-sample t-test or a Wilcoxon-Signed Rank Test. There was no difference in sedation score, body temperature, respiratory rate and haemoglobin oxygen saturation between MDB and MDM. Mild hypoxaemia was noted in both groups. There was less reaction to castration after MDB. The pulse rate was higher after MDM sedation. The times to immobility and then recovery were similar. The combination of MDB provided more reliable sedation than MDM. MDB may be useful for sedation for short procedures in pigs, though oxygen supplementation is recommended to avoid hypoxaemia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimum Drug Combinations for the Sedation of Growing Boars Prior to Castration

Lehmann

Blache

Drynan

et al. 2017

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The vaporiser setting in group I3 was slightly lower than other groups, which suggested a greater minimum alveolar concentration sparing effect of dexmedetomidine in comparison to xylazine and medetomidine. Similarly, in another study, intramuscular medetomidine (5 µg/kg and 10 µg/kg) has been found to reduce the isoflurane requirement of maintenance of anaesthesia in sheep (Kastner et al 2006). …”

Section: Time (Min)mentioning

confidence: 95%

Clinicophysiological and haemodynamic effects of fentanyl with xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine in isoflurane-anaesthetised water buffaloes (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>)

Singh

Kinjavdekar

Amarpal

et al. 2013

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study was undertaken to investigate the sedative, analgesic and clinical effects of xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine with fentanyl as pre-anaesthetics in water buffaloes and to compare the dose-sparing effect of xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine on thiopental for induction and isoflurane for maintenance of anaesthesia in water buffaloes. Six male water buffaloes randomly received intravenous fentanyl (5.0 µg/kg body weight) and xylazine (0.05 mg/kg body weight), fentanyl (5.0 µg/kg body weight) and medetomidine (2.5 µg/kg body weight), fentanyl (5.0 µg/kg body weight) and dexmedetomidine (5.0 µg/kg body weight) at weekly intervals in groups I1, I2 and I3, respectively. After 15 min, the animals were restrained in right lateral recumbency and anaesthesia was induced by 5% thiopental sodium administered intravenously. The intubated animal was connected to the large animal anaesthesia machine and isoflurane in 100% oxygen (5 L/min) was insufflated for 60 min. The treatments were compared by clinicophysiological, haematobiochemical and haemodynamic parameters. Fentanyl-medetomidine and fentanyl-dexmedetomidine produced more cardiovascular depression during the pre-anaesthetic period but less depression of cardio-respiratory dynamics in the post induction and maintenance period. Quicker recovery was recorded in I2 and I3 groups. A lower dose of thiopental was required in group I3 (4.33 mg/kg ± 0.66 mg/kg) than in groups I2 (4.41 mg/kg ± 0.98 mg/kg) and I1 (4.83 mg/kg ± 0.79 mg/kg). The dose of isoflurane was less in group I3 (45.50 mL ± 5.45 mL) than in group I1 and I2 (48.66 mL ± 5.10 mL and 48.00 mL ± 6.38 mL). Better anaesthesia was recorded with fentanyl-dexmedetomidine-thiopental-isoflurane (group I3) than with fentanyl-medetomidine-thiopental-isoflurane (group I2) and fentanyl-xylazine-thiopental-isoflurane (group I1). Fentanyl-medetomidine and fentanyl-dexmedetomidine were better pre-anaesthetic agents in comparison to fentanyl-xylazine for thiopental and isoflurane anaesthesia. Fentanyl-dexmedetomidine-thiopental-isoflurane and fentanyl-medetomidine-thiopental-isoflurane produced effective surgical anaesthesia and were found to be safe, as cardio-pulmonary functions were well preserved during maintenance anaesthesia with no deleterious effect on vital organ functions in water buffaloes.

show abstract

“…This difference relative to the MAC determined in other studies can be explained due to the premedication with the alpha 2 agonist, detomidine, which might have contributed to the FE´Iso reduction. Kästner et al (2006) observed a 30% reduction in the FE´Iso concentration after premedication with medetomidine in sheep. Dose-dependent anesthetic sparing effects of medetomidine have been demonstrated in a variety of species (VICKERY et al, 1988;MAZE, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the morphine-lidocaine-ketamine combination on cardiopulmonary function and isoflurane sparing in sheep

Beier

Rosa

Oleskovicz³

et al. 2014

Sem. Ci. Agr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aims of this study were to evaluate the isoflurane sparing and clinical effects of a constant rate infusion of morphine -lidocaine -ketamine (MLK) in healthy sheep undergoing experimental gastrointestinal surgery. Twelve adult female sheep (Texel breed) were used, weighing 36.5 ± 8.1 kg. The sheep were anesthetized for the implantation of duodenal cannulas. The sheep were premedicated with 0.3 mg kg -1 intramuscular (IM) morphine and 20 µg kg -1 intravenous (IV) detomidine. After premedication, anesthesia was induced using 5 mg kg -1 ketamine and 0.5 mg kg -1 diazepam IV and maintained using isoflurane in 100% oxygen. After the induction of anesthesia, the animals were allocated into two groups (each n=6); the GMLK (MLK group -10 mg morphine, 150 mg lidocaine, 30 mg de ketamine were added in 500 mL saline) received a 10 mL kg -1 h -1 MLK infusion during the maintenance of anesthesia, and GCON (control group) received 10 mL kg -1 h -1 of 0.9% sodium chloride. The animals were mechanically ventilated. Cardiopulmonary variables and end-tidal isoflurane concentration (FE´Iso) were measured at baseline (immediately before the surgery) and 15, 30 and 45 minutes after initiation of surgery. In GMLK, there was a decrease in the FE´Iso at 15, 30 and 45 minutes, a reduction of up to 75.6% during the surgery. The HR was lower in GMLK compared with GCON at 30 minutes, and the MAP was at during baseline in GCON compared with GMLK. The standing time was less in GMLK than in GCON. The use of intravenous MLK was demonstrated to offer great efficiency as part of a balanced anesthesia protocol in sheep, with a 75.6% reduction in the need for isoflurane, providing stability of the cardiovascular parameters and blood gases with a shortened recovery period. Key words: Sheep, morphine, lidocaine, ketamine, isoflurane ResumoOs objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a redução na concentração expirada de isoflurano, bem como os efeitos clínicos de uma infusão constante de morfina -lidocaína -cetamina (MLK) em ovinos saudáveis submetidos a cirurgia gastrointestinal experimental. Foram utilizados doze ovinos adultos da raça Texel, fêmeas, pesando 36,5 ± 8,1 kg. Os animais foram anestesiados para implantação de cânulas no duodeno, sendo pré-medicados com morfina 0,3 mg kg -1 , pela via intramuscular (IM), e detomidina 20 ug kg -1 pela via intravenosa (IV). Após a pré-medicação, a anestesia foi induzida com cetamina 5 mg kg -1 e diazepam 0,5 mg kg -1 IV, sendo mantidos com isoflurano em oxigênio a 100%. Após a indução da anestesia os animais foram divididos em dois grupos (n = 6): GMLK (grupo MLK -10 mg de morfina, 150 mg de lidocaína e 30 mg de cetamina foram adicionados em 500 ml de solução salina) que recebeu infusão contínua de MLK na taxa de 10 mL kg

show abstract

Comparison of two pre-anaesthetic medetomidine doses in isoflurane anaesthetized sheep

Cited by 19 publications

References 41 publications

Optimum Drug Combinations for the Sedation of Growing Boars Prior to Castration

Optimum Drug Combinations for the Sedation of Growing Boars Prior to Castration

Clinicophysiological and haemodynamic effects of fentanyl with xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine in isoflurane-anaesthetised water buffaloes (<i>Bubalus bubalis</i>)

Effects of the morphine-lidocaine-ketamine combination on cardiopulmonary function and isoflurane sparing in sheep

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About