Comparison of Two Surgical Site Protocols for Cattle in a Field Setting

Abstract

An abbreviated preoperative protocol using nonsterile reusable material can be as effective as a standard protocol using sterile one-use brush in reducing skin microflora and preventing surgical wound infection.

Efficacy and dermal tolerance of a novel alcohol‐based skin antiseptic in horses

“…Aseptic preparation of the patient's skin is an essential step in the prevention of surgical site infections (SSI) . Many studies have attempted to establish the optimum preoperative skin preparation protocol for the patient, both human and veterinary, as well as for the surgeon . The variables most commonly investigated include minimum contact time required and product used.…”

“…The contact time required to achieve a sterile surgical field should ideally be as short as possible, especially in horses undergoing general anesthesia because perioperative mortality increases with anesthetic duration . Preparation protocols that use 4% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHXG) have been found effective with contact times as short as 4 minutes for the patient and 2 minutes for the surgeon . Similarly, three 30‐second scrubs with povidine–iodine (PI) have been found to be as effective as a 10‐minute scrub or the application of a commercial 1‐step PI solution in horses .…”

“…In addition to contact time, antiseptics should be selected for dermal tolerance on the patient's and surgeon's skin. Aseptic skin preparation may indeed induce skin reaction in patients and surgeons . Osuna et al established that CHXG is better tolerated than PI in the preoperative preparation of dogs, but no objective data exist regarding the tolerance of either traditional antiseptics or ABSA in horses.…”

Prevention and surveillance of surgical infections: A review

“…Although taught to use a repeated mechanical scrubbing technique working from in to out with chlorhexidine gluconate or povidone iodine, rinse, and repeat 2 more times, it may be reasonable to abbreviate this procedure. In a recent equine study, a simple nonmechanical preparation technique was as effective at reducing bacterial counts on the skin as a conventional mechanical technique; another report in cattle described similar findings when an abbreviated presurgical mechanical scrub was used . Although these are just 2 studies, they suggest that presurgical scrubs can be more efficient, thereby reducing the time from clipping to surgery, a factor that has been associated with increased SSI risk.…”

Sonographic Appearance of Abdominal Wall at the Left Flank of Laparotomy Incision Site in Ettawah Grade Does

“…Laparotomy is a surgical procedure that incise the abdomen wall to access into abdominal cavity (Mann et al, 2011). Laparotomy in animals should be conducted aseptically (Bedard et al, 2001) and legeartically (Bourel et al, 2013) in several parts of the abdomen according to the surgical indication. Indication of surgical procedure to handle the difficulty in parturition (dystocia) in ruminants is usually conducted in the site of left flank of laparotomy (Bienek & Grunert, 1997;�eger et al, 1994;Mee, 2008).…”