Comparison of Two Surveillance Components for Investigating the Epidemiology of Canine Distemper Virus in Raccoons (Procyon Lotor)

Canine Distemper Virus Ecology: Insights From a Longitudinal Serologic Study in Wild Raccoons (Procyon Lotor)

“…Canine distemper is a major cause of mortality for raccoons in Ontario (Giacinti et al 2021); nevertheless, our findings from raccoons captured on more than one occasion corroborate reports that many wild raccoons survive for weeks to years after exposure (Junge et al 2007). We were unable to address whether survival after CDV exposure is primarily associated with the development of subclinical versus clinical infection.…”

“…Canine distemper is a major cause of mortality for raccoons in Ontario (Giacinti et al 2021); nevertheless, our findings from raccoons captured on more than one occasion TABLE 6. Multivariable analyses exploring the association between host variables and the change in parvovirus titer (i.e., the number of dilutions between timepoint 1 and timepoint 2) modeled as a continuous variable (e.g., -1,0,1) based on linear regression, for raccoons (Procyon lotor) captured in Ontario, Canada, on at least two occasions between 2011 and 2013.…”

“…This time period approximately corresponds to the winter breeding period of raccoons (Rosatte et al 2010). Similarly, an analysis of the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (CWHC) raccoon carcass surveillance data found an increased odds of CDV infection in the winter breeding season compared with the rearing season in adult raccoons (Giacinti et al 2021). Based on raccoon carcasses collected in New Jersey, Roscoe (1993) found CDV exposure to be highest during the winter.…”

Bacterial and Viral Pathogens with One Health Relevance in Invasive Raccoons (Procyon lotor, Linné 1758) in Southwest Germany

“…The focus of the raccoon acquisition was on the northern half of BW, as this is where the population density and, thus, the hunting numbers are highest ( Figure 1 ). It should be noted that the spatial and temporal raccoon carcass distribution and submission are subject to bias, as it depends on many complex biological (e.g., raccoon population dynamics) and human-related factors (e.g., the commitment of hunters in the respective areas) [ 45 ]. Since the present study aimed to test for the presence of specific pathogens in the BW raccoon population, we limited our sample size to about 100 animals.…”

An investigation of bat mortality in British Columbia, Canada

“…However, the collection of data on wildlife populations can be challenging and resource in-tensive (Giacinti et al 2022). Passive sampling, where citizens submit samples to government or research laboratories, is a well-established method for studies of wildlife health (Hoinville et al 2013), and has been used to study endemic disease (Giacinti et al 2021) as well as mortality events (French et al 2021). This sampling technique may be especially useful for synanthropic animals (i.e., those which live in close proximity to people), because of increased opportunities for detection and submission.…”