Comparison of Uptake of Multiple Clinical Radiotracers into Brown Adipose Tissue Under Cold-Stimulated and Nonstimulated Conditions

Baba, Shingo; Engles, James; Huso, David L.; Ishimori, Takayoshi; Wahl, Richard L.

doi:10.2967/jnumed.107.041715

Cited by 53 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Christensen et al reported patients who displayed a complete reversal of high BAT tracer uptake after simple core-warming maneuvers (11). In our previous rodent study, we observed a significant decrease in the lipid content of BAT tissue in rats after a short interval of cold-activation (12). These results suggest that the contents of BAT (both pathologically and chemically) would also be dynamically changed between an activated state and a nonactivated state in humans.…”

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confidence: 52%

CT Hounsfield Units of Brown Adipose Tissue Increase with Activation: Preclinical and Clinical Studies

Baba¹,

et al. 2010

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Brown adipose tissue (BAT) densities assessed as CT Hounsfield units (HUs) were evaluated in a rodent model and in patients to determine whether HUs changed in relation to BAT activity. Methods: Serial 18 F-FDG PET/CT was performed on rats under both room temperature control conditions and after 4 h of coldstimulation, which is known to activate BAT. The maximum standardized uptake values and CT HUs of BAT were measured, and tissues were examined in the laboratory. Image records from cancer patients who underwent PET/CT were reviewed, and 23 patients were identified who displayed both high and low 18 F-FDG uptake into BAT on serial 18 F-FDG PET/CT scans. The maximum standardized uptake values and CT HUs of BAT were compared in these scans. Results: The mean (6SD) CT HUs of cold-activated BAT (212.4 6 22.4) were significantly higher than those (227.9 6 9.6) of the controls in the rat model. The CT HUs of BAT (271.6 6 18.0) in the patients with high 18 F-FDG uptake were significantly higher than those (2104.4 6 16.8) of the patients with low 18 F-FDG uptake . A decrease in relative lipid content is seen in activated BAT in rats on histology. Conclusion: The CT HUs of BAT increased in activated conditions in both animals and patients, likely because of lipid consumption by activated BAT.

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confidence: 52%

CT Hounsfield Units of Brown Adipose Tissue Increase with Activation: Preclinical and Clinical Studies

Baba¹,

et al. 2010

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“…Cold stimuli and catecholamines lead to growth and activation of BAT (22)(23)(24). Because it was not the focus of our studies, we did not include BAT in the biodistribution studies, and this is a limitation of our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical Evaluation of ¹⁸F-LMI1195 for In Vivo Imaging of Pheochromocytoma in the MENX Tumor Model

et al. 2013

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We evaluated 18 F-LMI1195 (1-(3-bromo-4-(3-18 F-fluoro-propoxy)benzyl) guanidine), a metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) analog, for the detection of pheochromocytoma in a preclinical in vivo model of endogenous neuroendocrine tumors (multiple endocrine neoplasia [MENX]). Methods: Adrenal uptake kinetics of 18 F-LMI1195 were evaluated in healthy Wistar rats (n 5 6) by dynamic PET imaging. Distribution of 18 F-LMI1195 was evaluated in tumor-bearing MENX mut/mut rats (n 5 10) and control MENX wild-type rats (n 5 4) by biodistribution studies and PET imaging. Biodistribution of 18 F-LMI1195 was compared with 123 I-MIBG in MENX mut/mut rats (n 5 6) and correlated with histological tumor volume and norepinephrine transporter (NET) expression. Uptake specificity was evaluated by in vivo inhibition of the NET by desipramine (n 5 6). Intraadrenal distribution of 18 F-LMI1195 was evaluated by autoradiography. Results: 18 F-LMI1195 showed rapid tracer accumulation in adrenal glands 1 min after tracer injection. Adrenal glands of MENX mut/mut animals showed significantly higher standardized uptake value than MENX wild-type controls (maximum SUV, 10.3 6 2.3 vs. 6.1 6 0.9, P , 0.01). Adrenal uptake in MENX mut/mut rats could be inhibited by desipramine, shown by biodistribution studies (0.06 6 0.01 vs. 0.16 6 0.05 percentage injected dose, P , 0.01), PET imaging (maximum SUV, 3.8 6 0.8 vs. 10.3 6 2.3, P , 0.01), and autoradiography. Adrenal uptake of 18 F-LMI1195 correlated with 123 I-MIBG uptake (r 5 0.91), histological tumor volume (r 5 0.68), and NET expression (r 5 0.50). 18 F-LMI1195 showed an overall favorable distribution for tumor imaging. Conclusion: 18 F-LMI1195 shows high and specific accumulation in pheochromocytomas. Its favorable biodistribution makes it a promising PET tracer for tumor imaging. Further studies are warranted to evaluate its clinical value in oncologic indications.

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“…BAT that has been localized with 99m Tc-MIBI should not be confused with disease, such as abnormal uptake in lymph nodes, tumors, thyroid cancer, parathyroid adenomas, or muscle. Although there are reports of 99m Tc-MIBI uptake in BAT in rats (8,9), to our knowledge only 2 case reports exist in the literature describing 99m Tc-MIBI uptake in BAT in a human, using SPECT (or SPECT/CT) (6,7). The cardiac uptake of 99m Tc-MIBI, a lipophilic cationic radiotracer that concentrates in mitochondria, is substantially proportional to regional blood flow in the myocardium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though the precise mechanism of uptake needs further study, 99m Tc-MIBI uptake in BAT is likely related to relatively high blood flow, possibly even more than to increased mitochondrial density and function (6,(8)(9)(10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, there have been 2 case reports (6,7) describing the possible uptake of 99m Tc-MIBI into brown fat in humans. Studies in rodents show clearly an increased uptake of 99m Tc-MIBI into BAT relative to background blood levels (8). Thorough examination of a 99m Tc-MIBI scan of the heart or parathyroid glands includes assessment of the visualized body to exclude incidental incremental tumor involvement, which may be 99m Tc-MIBI-avid.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Visualization of Brown Adipose Tissue with ^99mTc-Methoxyisobutylisonitrile on SPECT/CT

et al. 2008

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Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is retained into adulthood in some patients. It has been imaged using several radiopharmaceuticals, including 18 F-FDG. Using SPECT/CT, we assessed whether and how frequently uptake of 99m Tc-methoxyisobutylisonitrile ( 99m Tc-MIBI) was present in expected locations of BAT. Methods: A total of 205 SPECT/CT scans using 99m Tc-MIBI for parathyroid imaging were reviewed for the presence of 99m Tc-MIBI uptake in expected locations of BAT. Results: We detected 99m Tc-MIBI uptake in BAT in 13 of 205 patients (6.3%). When BAT was visualized, it was detected on both early and delayed scans. The patients with 99m Tc-MIBI uptake in BAT were younger than the patients with no 99m Tc-MIBI uptake (P 5 0.044). Conclusion: Uptake of 99m Tc-MIBI in BAT is relatively common in this adult patient population and should not be confused with 99m Tc-MIBI-avid-tumors. SPECT/CT can be useful for defining such tracer uptake as a normal physiologic variant. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is metabolically active in some adults and can cause inaccurate diagnoses on several types of nuclear scans because of substantial tracer uptake, which can be confused with or mask disease. Previously, BAT has been visualized by PET using 18 F-FDG (1,2), and by single-photon imaging using 123 I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (3,4) or 99m Tc-tetrofosmin (5) in humans. 99m Tcmethoxyisobutylisonitrile ( 99m Tc-MIBI) is widely used for many imaging applications, most notably for both cardiac and parathyroid imaging. To our knowledge, there have been 2 case reports (6,7) describing the possible uptake of 99m Tc-MIBI into brown fat in humans. Studies in rodents show clearly an increased uptake of 99m Tc-MIBI into BAT relative to background blood levels (8). Thorough examination of a 99m Tc-MIBI scan of the heart or parathyroid glands includes assessment of the visualized body to exclude incidental incremental tumor involvement, which may be 99m Tc-MIBI-avid. This is particularly important in instances when 99m Tc-MIBI is used for tumor imaging. We suspected that 99m Tc-MIBI might accumulate in BAT and evaluated this possibility, reviewing consecutive SPECT/ CT scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patient PopulationWe retrospectively reviewed scintigrams of consecutive patients who were evaluated for parathyroid adenomas from May 2004 to July 2005, using dual-phase (early and late) planar imaging and SPECT/CT. We identified 205 patients (153 female, 52 male; mean age, 59.7 6 13.1 y, range, 23-94 y). Our retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board, and informed consent was waived. Imaging Protocol and AnalysisAll patients were injected intravenously with 925-1,110 MBq of 99m Tc-MIBI. Planar ImagingAt 15 min and 2 h after injection, 10-min anterior, 35°right anterior oblique, and 35°left anterior oblique planar images were acquired in a 128 · 128 matrix, with a 20% window centered around the 140-keV photopeak, using a low-energy, high-resolution parallel collimator. SPECT/CTNeither oral nor intravenous contrast material was used. Hyb...

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Comparison of Uptake of Multiple Clinical Radiotracers into Brown Adipose Tissue Under Cold-Stimulated and Nonstimulated Conditions

Cited by 53 publications

References 15 publications

CT Hounsfield Units of Brown Adipose Tissue Increase with Activation: Preclinical and Clinical Studies

CT Hounsfield Units of Brown Adipose Tissue Increase with Activation: Preclinical and Clinical Studies

Preclinical Evaluation of ¹⁸F-LMI1195 for In Vivo Imaging of Pheochromocytoma in the MENX Tumor Model

Visualization of Brown Adipose Tissue with ^99mTc-Methoxyisobutylisonitrile on SPECT/CT

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Comparison of Uptake of Multiple Clinical Radiotracers into Brown Adipose Tissue Under Cold-Stimulated and Nonstimulated Conditions

Cited by 53 publications

References 15 publications

CT Hounsfield Units of Brown Adipose Tissue Increase with Activation: Preclinical and Clinical Studies

CT Hounsfield Units of Brown Adipose Tissue Increase with Activation: Preclinical and Clinical Studies

Preclinical Evaluation of 18F-LMI1195 for In Vivo Imaging of Pheochromocytoma in the MENX Tumor Model

Visualization of Brown Adipose Tissue with 99mTc-Methoxyisobutylisonitrile on SPECT/CT

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Preclinical Evaluation of ¹⁸F-LMI1195 for In Vivo Imaging of Pheochromocytoma in the MENX Tumor Model

Visualization of Brown Adipose Tissue with ^99mTc-Methoxyisobutylisonitrile on SPECT/CT