Comparisons of bioinspired piezoelectric wind energy harvesters with different layout of stiffeners based on leaf venation prototypes

Recent advancement of flow-induced piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting techniques: principles, structures, and nonlinear designs

“…The results showed that the upper and bottom piezoelectric beams could generate the maximum power outputs of 6.77 µW and 56.64 µW, respectively. Wang et al [23][24] further designed a bio-inspired leaf venation prototype for VIV-induced energy harvesting, as shown in Fig. 4.…”

بررسی ساختارهای برگ - ساقه مانند برداشت‌کننده ی انرژی از جریان باد با استفاده از مواد پیزوالکتریک

“…17 pmW OyO|t u=Wv = Q l}Ow} QB |Q=DiQ R=i w CU= |]NQ}e COW x@ 'X=N |Ov@Qm}B u}= QO pk=OL O=@ CaQU w R=i Q}N -=D R=i Q}N -=D C= Q}}eD Q@ |Q}F -=D Q=@ Ctw=kt w CU= C@=FxOvvmCW=OQ@ wO u}@ R=i Q}N -=D [32] "OQ=Ov V}=Ri= u}= QDuWwQ p}qO x@ uO}UQ |= Q@ [33] u= Q=mty w |DQ=mlt p=L u}= =@ Ovv=ty w OvO=O s=Hv= xv}tR u}= QO |Qo}O V}=tR; '|DWB |xOvvmCW=OQ@ QO u=wD \@[ |= Q@ 'Ov=xOW s=oty |v=tR ^=Lr R= xm = Q CaQUQB u}@ QwO wO 18 pmW w COMSOL Q= Ri=sQv R= xOt; CUO x@ pOt Qy |a}@] |=yTv=mQi "3 pwOH [34] "C=W}=tR; R= xOt; CUO x@ O=@ u=}QH l} QLD R= |W=v MU=B Tv=mQi (Hz) s=n x@DQt |a}@] |=yTv=mQi 3 2 1 41 06 41 54 3 pOt [34] "O=@ CaQU C= Q}}eD |= R=x@ pOt Qy |HwQN u=wD |r=oJ Q=Owtv "24 pmW [35] "l}QDmr=wR}B nQ@ pOt xU |xUOvy "25 pmW Oy=wN xOvvmCW=OQ@ OQmrta Ow@y@ Ea=@ u=y=}o |=ynQ@nQ R= |Q=OQ@wor= TB [35] "OW hqDN= u}= QF= O}=@ w OvQ=O hqDN= sy =@ xUOvy Q_v R= xOW |L=Q] |=ynQ@ =t= '3 =D 1 |=ypOt xUOvy u=ty =@ nQ@ pOt xU 'Qw_vt u}= x@ 'OwW XNWt CUO x@ 'nQ@nQ uwO@ pOt xU Qy |HwQN S=Drw w OW |L=Q] nQ@nQ uwO@ w (V ms 0 21(v)) |HwQN u} QDq=@ |FrFt nQ@ xJQo = xm OW xOy=Wt &Ot; [34] "O=@ CaQU |= R=x@ |SQv= |xOvvmCW=OQ@ |HwQN S=Drw "22 pmW [34] "O=@ CaQU C= Q}}eD |= R=x@ pOt Qy |HwQN u=wD "23 pmW w xOw@ sDU}U |a}@] Tv=mQi x@ l}ORv 2 w 1 |=ypOt QO l} QLD Tv=mQi OW xm OyO|t u=Wv |m}t=v}O p}rLD 3 pwOH "CU= xOt; OwHw x@ O}OWD Cr=L OL =D = Q O=@ u=}QH w xOvvmCW=OQ@ u}@ |m}v=mt nv}rB wm X=wN Ovv=wD|t =yxoQ [34] "OwW ^iL sDU}U C=@F xm |r=L QO 'OvyO Q= Qk Q}F -=D CLD |O=}R =D 4 nQ@nQ |= Q=O |=yQ=DN=U |HwQN u=wD xm OyO|t u=Wv |@ QHD G}=Dv |= Q@ 11(m=s) O=@ CaQU QO "CU= nQ@nQ uwO@ |=yQ=DN=U R= QDW}@ Q@=Q@ 6 |r=oJ =t= 23 pmW "O};|t CUO@ V ms = 1 094(v) S=Drw u} QDW}@ 2 pOt sDU}U |}=Q=m QO |tyt Q}F -=D =ynQ@nQ Qw[L "24 pmW CU= QDW}@ 1 pOt u=wD [34] "OQ=O |SQv= CW=OQ@ PVDF |=ynQ@ Q=DN=U |Qo}O VywSB QO , =OOHt [35] Vv=Q=mty w nvw |L=Q] nQ@ `wv xU R}v xr=kt u}= QO "OvOQm |UQQ@ = Q ur}B wQB|rB nQ@nQ |= Q=O ErFt 'OwW|t xO}O 25 pmW QO xm u=vJ =yu; pmW xm OwW|t xDN=U w ? }DQD x@ xm CU= 60 xQ}=O `=]k w u}k=Ur=|w=UDt |xkvRwP 'u}k=Ur=|w=UDt |a=]k 17 wmv}H nQ@ w Ovv=tQB 16 C=v}B nQ@ 'Ovv=txHvB 15 Ctr=B nQ@ =@ x@=Wt [35] "OvDUy xQ}=O R= 21 pmW =yv; |r@k Q=m Q=DN=U x@=WtxOvvmCW=OQ@ w =ynQ@nQ Q=DN=U xm 4 pOt OW |L=Q] |rQDvm pOt s=v x@ |rm Q=DN=U l} VywSB u}= QO "CU= u; =@ 2 pOt OQmrta &CiQo|tv wor= u=y=}o R= u; |wQ xOW |L=Q] |=ynQ@nQ R=@ Q=Ot S=Drw xm OwW|t xOy=Wt "CU= xOW sUQ 26 pmW QO xH}Dv w xU}=kt "CU= 4 pOt Q@=Q@ wO , =@} QkD '2 pOt |= Q@ O=@ hrDNt |=yCaQU |= R=x@ |HwQN w COMSOL Q= Ri= sQv R= xOt; CUO x@ pOt Qy |a}@] |=yTv=mQi "4 pwOH [35] "C=W}=tR; R= xOt; CUO x@ O=@ u=}QH l} QLD R= |W=v MU=B Tv=mQi (Hz) s= n x@DQt |a}@] |=yTv=mQi 3 2 1 CaQU C= Q}}eD |= R=x@ 2 w 1 pOt u=wD |r=oJ w u=wD C= Q}}eD Q=Owtv "28 pmW [35] "2(M!) Q=@ Ctw=kt QO O=@ R= xOW |Q=OQ@wor= nQ@nQ =@ xOW C} wkD Q=DN=U xm OvyO|t u=Wv G}=Dv l} QDmr=wR}B |SQv= |xOvvmCW=OQ@ |QwxQy@ |yHwD p@=k Qw] x@ Ov=wD|t 'u=y=}o u=y=}o O} Qw w OWN@ Ow@y@ 'Ovvm|t Q=m O=@ R= |W=v V=aDQ= pY= T=U= Q@ xm = Q [35] "CU= xOw@ x}rw= |xvwtv u} QDy@ |}xBrwO...…”

“…}DQD x@ xm CU= 60 xQ}=O `=]k w u}k=Ur=|w=UDt |xkvRwP 'u}k=Ur=|w=UDt |a=]k 17 wmv}H nQ@ w Ovv=tQB 16 C=v}B nQ@ 'Ovv=txHvB 15 Ctr=B nQ@ =@ x@=Wt [35] "OvDUy xQ}=O R= 21 pmW =yv; |r@k Q=m Q=DN=U x@=WtxOvvmCW=OQ@ w =ynQ@nQ Q=DN=U xm 4 pOt OW |L=Q] |rQDvm pOt s=v x@ |rm Q=DN=U l} VywSB u}= QO "CU= u; =@ 2 pOt OQmrta &CiQo|tv wor= u=y=}o R= u; |wQ xOW |L=Q] |=ynQ@nQ R=@ Q=Ot S=Drw xm OwW|t xOy=Wt "CU= xOW sUQ 26 pmW QO xH}Dv w xU}=kt "CU= 4 pOt Q@=Q@ wO , =@} QkD '2 pOt |= Q@ O=@ hrDNt |=yCaQU |= R=x@ |HwQN w COMSOL Q= Ri= sQv R= xOt; CUO x@ pOt Qy |a}@] |=yTv=mQi "4 pwOH [35] "C=W}=tR; R= xOt; CUO x@ O=@ u=}QH l} QLD R= |W=v MU=B Tv=mQi (Hz) s= n x@DQt |a}@] |=yTv=mQi 3 2 1 CaQU C= Q}}eD |= R=x@ 2 w 1 pOt u=wD |r=oJ w u=wD C= Q}}eD Q=Owtv "28 pmW [35] "2(M!) Q=@ Ctw=kt QO O=@ R= xOW |Q=OQ@wor= nQ@nQ =@ xOW C} wkD Q=DN=U xm OvyO|t u=Wv G}=Dv l} QDmr=wR}B |SQv= |xOvvmCW=OQ@ |QwxQy@ |yHwD p@=k Qw] x@ Ov=wD|t 'u=y=}o u=y=}o O} Qw w OWN@ Ow@y@ 'Ovvm|t Q=m O=@ R= |W=v V=aDQ= pY= T=U= Q@ xm = Q [35] "CU= xOw@ x}rw= |xvwtv u} QDy@ |}xBrwO |Q}oxH}Dv "4 =@ |SQv= |=yxOvvmCW=OQ@ Q@ xOW s=Hv= C=ar=]t QwQt |rY= hOy 'xr=kt u}= QO "CU= Ovv=t xk=U nQ@ Q=DN=U X=wN 'l=B |=y|SQv= R= xO=iDU= CQwQ[ '1 VN@ QO =OD@= 'Qw_vt u}O@ TBU "OW u=}@ xYqN Qw] x@ Q=DN=U =@ p=}U pt=aD Q=mwR=U w l} QDmr=wR}B O=wt O=@ |SQv= |xOvvmCW=OQ@ ? }=at `iQ |= Q@ sRq C=t=Ok= w ?…”

“…}=at '=}= Rt '2 VN@ QO |=yQ=DN=U R= |NQ@ x@ QYDNt Qw] x@ w xOW xO=O KQW l} QDmr=wR}B O=wt |xr}Uwx@ QO "OW xQ=W= l} QDmr=wR}J O=wt j} Q] R= O=@ |SQv= CW=OQ@ |= Q@ xOW xDN=U =yQDt=Q=B |xU}=kt s=Hv= VwQ 'xv}tR u}= QO xOW s=Hv= C=ar=]t Q@ |QwQt 3 VN@ "CU= xDiQo CQwY '|SQv= |xOvvmCW=OQ@ OQmrta Q@ u=WQF= w '?U=vt |Ov@Qm}B l} uDW=O |= Q@ Ovm|t XNWt xOW |Ov@`tH G}=Dv "OwW|t xk=U nQ@ |Ov@Qm}B OQmrta Ow@y@ ? @U =yQDt=Q=B s=Om Vy=m w V}=Ri= [35] "4 pOt Q=DN=U w 4 pOt w 2 pOt OQmrta |xU}=kt "26 pmW CaQU C= Q}}eD |= R=x@ pOt xU Qy * R=@Q=Ot |HwQN S=Drw C= Q}}eD Q=Owtv "27 pmW [35] "O=@ 'CU= sm QOkv; =yv; OQmrta hqDN= =t= OQ=O = Q |HwQN u} QDu}}=B |}xkvRwP nQ@ 3 =D 1 |=ypOt OQmrta TBU "OwW|tv xDiQo Q_v QO xm 0 045(v) OwOL QO uwO@ |=ynQ@ R= =yv; OQmrta xm OW XNWt '27 pmW j@=]t w OW |UQQ@ [35] "CU= QDy@ 3 w 2 pOt R= 1 pOt OQmrta w CU= QDy@ |r}N nQ@nQ w O=@ CaQU |xOwOLt QO 'pOt Qy |v=tR S=Drw |vLvt |xOy=Wt R= Oa@ Ot; CUO x@ pOt Qy |a}@] Tv=mQi '2 w 1 pOt |HwQN QO u=@Q[ xO}OB xOy=Wt XNWt w OW xU}=kt hrDNt |=yO=@ CaQU QO =yv; |Uv=mQi MU=B |vLvt =@ w |W=v l} QLD MU=B Tv=mQi 'xOW x=Q= 4 pwOH QO xm |Q}O=kt x@ xHwD =@ xm OW w CU= l}ORv 2 w 1 |=ypOt |a}@] |=yTv=mQi R= |NQ@ x@ 'x@=OQo VR}Q R= u}= R= TB "CU= Qt= u}ty R}v MU=B |xvt=O uOw@ QDW}@ w u=@Q[ |xO}OB p}rO [35] "Ci=} xt=O= 2 w 1 pOt wO u}@ |xU}=kt '|Q}oxH}Dv 2(M ) Q=@ Ctw=kt QO xm OW s=Hv= xv}y@ Ctw=kt ?=NDv= Qw_vt x@ |W}=tR; Qy |HwQN u=wD |r=oJ w |HwQN u=wD TBU "OvQ=O = Q OQmrta u} QDy@ pOt wO Qy CUO x@ 11(m=s) =D 6(m=s) O=@ CaQU |xOwOLt QO Q=@ Ctw=kt u}= QO wO C=v}B 1 pOt |= Q@ |HwQN u=wD xv}W}@ 'OwW|t xO}O 28 pmW QO xm u=vJ "O};|t 3 29(W=cm 3 ) u=wD |r=oJ w CU= 0 85(W) '11(m=s) O=@ CaQU QO xv}y@ Q=@ Ctw=kt w xOw@ V rms = 1 695(v) S=Drw QFm =OL '\}= QW u}= QO "CU= "CU= 2(M ) R}v "`@=vt |NQ@ R= xOt; CUO x@ G}=Dv "5 pwOH Q=@ Ctw=kt S=Drw u=wD |r=oJ u=wD O=@ CaQU `HQt (M ) (V ) (W=cm 3 ) (W ) (m=s) 10 54 4 300 296 8…”

“…[30] 1 094 11 [34] 2 1 695 3 29 0 85 11 [35] u=wD |HwQN V}=Ri= x@ QHvt xQ=wty |} wrH |xOvvmCW=OQ@ pmW |]wQNt |WR} Q [32] "OQ=O |DWB |xOvvmCW=OQ@ =@ |O}it pt=aD w OwW|t |DWB |xOvvmCW=OQ@ , =@} QkD xOvvmCW=OQ@ S=Drw xv}W}@ xm OW XNWt %PVDF lwv CaQU w O};|t CUO x@ QDqi |xNQJ QO PVDF lwv CaQU xv}W}@ =@ u=tRty QFm =OL ? @U |} wrH |xOvvmCW=OQ@ \UwD xOW xDN=U |@U= pav |=y?=OQo |HwQN V}=Ri= x@ QHvt w xOW |DWB |xOvvmCW=OQ@ PVDF lwv CaQU V}=Ri= [33] "OvwW|t u=wD nQ@nQ |= Q=O |=ynQ@ "3"4…”